Neo-Primitive Elvish Roots

⚠️ᴹ√A root. “intensive prefix”; see instead:
Q. an- “intensive prefix”
S. #an- “intensive prefix”
√ABA root. see BĀ/ABA
ᴹ√ABAR root. “*refuser”
⚠️ᴹ√AD root. “entrance, gate”; see instead:
√NA/ANA “to, towards; at side of, alongside, besides; moreover, in addition, plus”
⚠️√AD(A) root. “by (the side of), beside, alongside; against, opposed to, opposite”; see instead:
√AS² “beside”
⚠️ᴱ√AÐA root. “stretch, extend” see ṆÐṆ
⚠️ᴱ√AFA root. “open, begin”; see instead:
√LAT¹ “open, unenclosed, free to entry, [ᴹ√] lie open; be extended, stretch, be situated (of an area); ⚠️[√] low, lowlying, at ground level”
*√YESET “beginning”
⚠️ᴱ√AHA root. “know”; see instead:
√SAN “think, use mind; (trans.) ponder, consider in thought”
⚠️ᴱ√*AIK(W)- root.
ᴹ√AIWĒ root. “(small) bird”
ᴹ√AK root. “narrow, confined”
√AK root. “hostile return”
⚠️ᴱ√AKA root. “*intensive, excessive”; see instead:
Q. an- “intensive prefix”
S. #an- “intensive prefix”
√AKAS root. “neck, ridge”
√, ᴹ√AL(A) root. “good (physically), blessed, fortunate, prosperous, health(y)”
⚠️√, ᴹ√[ᴹ√]ALA root. “no, not; negative; not to be” see LA; see instead:
√LA “no, not; negative; not to be”
⚠️ᴱ√ALA¹ root. “gaze‽”; see instead:
√EL “lo, behold; star, [ᴹ√] starry sky”
√AL(A) “good (physically), blessed, fortunate, prosperous, health(y)”
⚠️ᴱ√ALA² root. “spread‽”; see instead:
√GAL² “grow (like plants), flourish, be healthy, be vigorous, bloom, [ᴹ√] thrive”
√ALAB root. “elm”
√, ᴹ√ALAK root. “rushing, [ᴹ√] swift”
⚠️ᴹ√ALAM root. see (L)ALAM
ᴹ√ALAT root. “large, great in size”
⚠️ᴱ√ALHU root. “cleanse, dress” see ALU
⚠️ᴱ√ALNU root. “cleanse, dress” see ALU
⚠️ᴱ√ALU root. “cleanse, dress”; see instead:
ᴹ√POY “*clean”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√AM¹ root. “mother”
√, ᴹ√AM² root. “go up, [ᴹ√] up”
⚠️√AMA root. “addition, increase, plus”; see instead:
√AM² “go up, [ᴹ√] up”
√AMAN root. “good (morally), blessed, holy, unmarred, free from evil” see MAN
⚠️ᴱ√AM(U) root. “up(wards)”; see instead:
√AM² “go up, [ᴹ√] up”
√, ᴱ√, ᴹ√ANA root. see NA/ANA
⚠️ᴹ√ANA² root. “be, exist” see NĀ²/ANA²; see instead:
√NĀ “be (the same as another), exist”
√, ᴹ√ANAD root. “long; far”
⚠️ᴹ√ANAK root. see NAK; see instead:
√NAK “bite”
ᴹ√ANAT root.
√, ᴹ√ANGA root. “iron”
ᴹ√ANGWA root. “snake”
ᴹ√AP root. “?cook”
√APA root. “touch” see PĀ/APA
⚠️√APHA root. “before of time” see PHĀ/APHA
⚠️ᴱ√AQA root. “grasp, hold”; see instead:
√RAPH “seize, grab, [ᴹ√] snatch”
√NAP “take (hold), pick up, grasp, seize quickly (with fingers)”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√AR root. “beyond, further than; outside; ⚠️beside, alongside; [ᴱ√] spread, extend sideways”
⚠️ᴹ√AR¹ root. “day”; see instead:
√AS¹ “warmth”
√UR “heat, be hot”
√AR “beyond, further than; outside; ⚠️beside, alongside; [ᴱ√] spread, extend sideways”
√ARA root. see RĀ/ARA
⚠️ᴱ√ARA¹ root. “(be) dry”; see instead:
ᴹ√PARAK “*dry”
√AR “beyond, further than; outside; ⚠️beside, alongside; [ᴱ√] spread, extend sideways”
√ARAN root. “good, excellent, noble”
√ARAT root. “good, excellent, noble”
√ARI root. “good, excellent, noble”
√AS¹ root. “warmth”
√, ᴱ√AS² root. “beside”
⚠️ᴱ√ASAKA root. “*waterfall”; see instead:
S. lanthir “waterfall”
ᴺQ. !lantasírë “waterfall, (lit.) falling river”
ᴹ√ASAT root. “*dust”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√AT root. “two, double, bi-, di-; back, re-, [ᴹ√] again, twice; ⚠️[ᴱ√] dual; [√] across, over, lying from side to side”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√AT(AR) root. “father”
√, ᴹ√ATATA root. “two; ⚠️[ᴹ√] again, back”
√ATHA root. see THĀ/ATHA
√, ᴹ√ATTA root. see ATATA
⚠️ᴱ√AVA root. “go away, depart, leave”; see instead:
√WĀ/AWA “away (from); go (away), depart, pass away, move (from speaker); before (of time), ago; [ᴹ√] forth, out”
√, ᴱ√AW root. “possess, own, keep (have in hand, use or with one)”
⚠️ᴱ√AWA root. “burn; be parched, yellow, warm”; see instead:
√AS¹ “warmth”
√UR “heat, be hot”
√WĀ/AWA “away (from); go (away), depart, pass away, move (from speaker); before (of time), ago; [ᴹ√] forth, out”
ᴹ√AYA root. “other, different (of larger numbers)”
⚠️ᴱ√AYA² root.
ᴹ√AYAK root. “sharp, pointed”
⚠️ᴱ√?AYA(LA) root. “lake”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√AYA(N) root. “blessed; treat with awe/reverence; [ᴱ√] honour, revere”
⚠️√, ᴹ√AY(AR) root. “sea”; see instead:
√GAY(AR) “awe, dread; astound, make aghast; sea”
⚠️ᴹ√BA root. “away, go away” see AB; see instead:
√BĀ/ABA “refuse, forbid, prohibit, say nay (in refusal or denial), [ᴹ√] deny; ⚠️away, go away, depart”
√, ᴹ√BĀ/ABA root. “refuse, forbid, prohibit, say nay (in refusal or denial), [ᴹ√] deny; ⚠️away, go away, depart”
√, ᴹ√BAL root. “power; powerful, mighty; have power”
⚠️ᴱ√*BALA root. see PALA; see instead:
√PAL “wide, broad, extended; [ᴹ√] wide (open); [ᴱ√] flatness”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^BALAD root. “worth, value”
⚠️√, ᴹ√BA(N) root. “meet, come up against; go, [ᴹ√] proceed”; see instead:
√MEN “go, move, proceed (in any direction); make for, go towards; have as object, (in)tend; direction, object, point moved toward; region”
√, ᴹ√BAN root. “beauty (due to lack of fault or blemish); fair, beautiful”
⚠️ᴱ√?BAPA root. “drink”; see instead:
√SOK “drink, gulp, quaff, drain”
√YUL “drink”
√, ᴹ√#BAR root. “[ᴹ√] raise; uplift, save, rescue(?)”
√, ᴹ√BARAD root. “lofty, high, height combined with strength/size/majesty”
ᴺ√!BARAK root. “wrap”
ᴹ√BARAN root. “russet, brown”
ᴹ√BARAS root. “*heat”
√BARAS root. “height combined with strength/majesty”
√, ᴹ√BARAT root. “lofty, high, height combined with strength/size/majesty”
√, ᴹ√BARATH root. “height combined with strength/size/majesty”
ᴹ√BAT root. “tread”
⚠️ᴱ√?BATA root. “*build”; see instead:
ᴹ√BAT “tread”
⚠️ᴹ√BAY root. “[unglossed]”; see instead:
ᴹ√WAY “enfold”
⚠️ᴱ√BAẎA root. “*enfold” see VAẎA
⚠️ᴱ√*BĒ root. “‽”; see instead:
√PEÑ “*lip, mouth”
⚠️ᴹ√BED root.; see instead:
ᴺ√BES “to wed”
⚠️ᴱ√BEÐE root. see *VEÐE
√, ᴹ√BEL root. “[ᴹ√] strong”
⚠️ᴱ√*ɃELE root. “*great”; see instead:
√BEL “[ᴹ√] strong”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^BELU root. “unroll”
ᴹ√BEN root. “corner (from inside), angle from inside”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^BENET root. “chin”
ᴹ√BER root. “valiant”
⚠️√BER root. “to mate, be mated, joined in marriage”; see instead:
ᴺ√BES “to wed”
ᴹ√BEREK root. “*sudden, fierce”
ᴹ√BERETH root. “beech”
ᴺ√, ᴹ√[√]BES root. “to wed”
ᴹ√BEW root. “follow, serve”
⚠️ᴱ√BILI root. “*air” see VILI
ᴹ√BIRIT root. “*gravel”
⚠️ᴱ√BOÐO root. “*gate, door”; see instead:
ᴹ√AD “entrance, gate”
ᴹ√BON root.
ᴹ√BOR(ON) root. “endure”
⚠️ᴱ√BOTO root. see POT-I
ᴺ√!BRATH root. “cook”
ᴹ√BUD root. “jut out” see (M)BUD
√, ᴹ√BUZBU root. “*large fly”
ᴹ√DAB root. “give way, make room, permit, allow”
⚠️ᴹ√DAG root. “dig”; see instead:
ᴺ√SAP “[ᴱ√] dig, excavate”
⚠️ᴱ√DAGA root. “*slay”; see instead:
√NDAK “slay; hew”
⚠️ᴱ√*DAHA root. “*high”; see instead:
√TĀ/TAƷ “high, [ᴹ√] lofty; noble”
⚠️ᴹ√DAƷ root. “great”; see instead:
√DAY “*great”
⚠️√, ᴹ√DAL root. “bottom, ground; [ᴹ√] flat”; see instead:
√LAD “[ᴹ√] lie flat, be flat; ⚠️[√] bottom, ground”
√LAT¹ “open, unenclosed, free to entry, [ᴹ√] lie open; be extended, stretch, be situated (of an area); ⚠️[√] low, lowlying, at ground level”
⚠️ᴱ√*DALA root. “support” see TALA
√, ᴹ√DANTA root. “*fall down” see DAT
ᴹ√DAR root. “stay, wait, stop, remain”
ᴹ√DARAK root. “*wolf”
ᴹ√, ᴱ√DARAM root. “beat, hew; [ᴱ√] batter, thud”
√, ᴹ√DAT root. “fall down, fall to ground”
⚠️ᴱ√?DAVA root. “*skin”; see instead:
ᴹ√SKEL “*strip”
√DAY root. “*great”
⚠️ᴹ√DAY root. “shadow”; see instead:
√SKAL “cover, veil, cloak, conceal, [ᴹ√] screen, hide (from light), overshadow”
√WATH “[ᴹ√] shade”
√DAY “*great”
√NDAY “dreadful, abominable, detestable”
√DEL¹ root. “walk, go, proceed, travel”
√DEL² root. “*fair”
⚠️√DEL³ root. “thick, dense”; see instead:
!ᴺ√NDEL “thick, dense”
⚠️√DEL⁴ root. “will”; see instead:
√NID “will; force, press(ure), thrust; [ᴹ√] lean against”
⚠️ᴹ√DEM root. “sad, gloomy”; see instead:
*ᴺ√DIM “sad, gloomy”
ᴹ√DEN root. “hole, gap, passage”
√DER root. “hard, difficult”
⚠️ᴹ√DER root. “adult male, man” see (N)DER; see instead:
√N(D)ER “male (person), man”
√DER “hard, difficult”
√DEW root. “go wrong, fail”
ᴹ√DIL root. “stop up, fill up hole”
ᴺ√[ᴹ√]*DIM root. “sad, gloomy”
√*DIN root. “silence”
ᴹ√DING root. “ding (onomatopoeic)”
⚠️ᴱ√?DṆTṆ root. “light up”; see instead:
√KAL “light; shine, be bright, ⚠️[ᴱ√] shine golden”
√DAT “fall down, fall to ground”
⚠️ᴱ√DO root. “*interrogative base”; see instead:
√MA “interrogative base; [ᴱ√] root of indef[inite]”
⚠️ᴹ√DOƷ root. “night”; see instead:
√DOM “dark, [ᴹ√] faint, dim”
*√DU “dark”
√, ᴹ√DOM root. “dark, [ᴹ√] faint, dim”
√DOR root. “hard, tough, dried up, unyielding”
ᴹ√DORON root. “oak”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^DOT root. “drop, ⚠️fall”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^(D)RAP root. “toil”
ᴹ√DRING root. “beat, strike”
⚠️√DROB root. “*wild”; see instead:
√SRAB “wild, not tamed/domesticated”
√[ᴹ√]*DU root. “dark”
ᴹ√DUB root. “lie, lie heavy, loom, hang over oppressively (of clouds)”
ᴹ√DUL root. see (N)DUL
⚠️ᴱ√?DULU root. “*dinner, dine”; see instead:
ᴹ√(N)DUL “hide, conceal”
ᴹ√DUN root. “dark (of colour)”
⚠️ᴹ√DUR root.
⚠️ᴹ√DUS root. “?burn”; see instead:
√UR “heat, be hot”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√DUY root. “flow (strongly), flood, drench, inundate, ⚠️pour”
⚠️ᴱ√DYA root. “demonstrative pointing back” see YA²; see instead:
√YA “[ᴹ√] there, over there; (of time) back, ago”
⚠️ᴱ√(D)YE root. “demonstrative pointing back” see YA²; see instead:
√YA “[ᴹ√] there, over there; (of time) back, ago”
⚠️ᴱ√DYĒ¹ root. “*gaze”; see instead:
√TIR “watch (over), look at, observe, gaze at; [ᴹ√] guard”
⚠️ᴱ√DYĒ² root. “behind, back (before of time)”; see instead:
✶nō “behind”
⚠️ᴱ√DYEÐE root. see YERE(NE)
ᴹ√DYEL root. “feel fear and disgust; abhor”
⚠️ᴱ√DYELE root. “*cold”; see instead:
√RINGI “cold”
√KHELEK “ice”
ᴹ√DYEL “feel fear and disgust; abhor”
⚠️ᴹ√DYELEK root. “sword?”; see instead:
√MAK “strike; cut, hew with a sharp edge, [ᴹ√] cleave; sword, fight (with a sword); [√] forge metal; ⚠️kill, slay”
⚠️ᴱ√DYṆTṆ root. see YṆTṆ
⚠️ᴱ√DYULU root. “*carry, bear”; see instead:
√KOL “bear, carry, wear”
⚠️ᴱ√#ÐANA root. “day”; see instead:
✶auri “heat, period of sun”
⚠️ᴱ√ÐAPA root. “dig, excavate” see SAPA; see instead:
ᴺ√SAP “[ᴱ√] dig, excavate”
⚠️ᴱ√ÐORO root. “sit”; see instead:
√KHAD “sit”
⚠️ᴱ√ÐOTO root. “drop, fall”; see instead:
^ᴺ√DOT “drop, ⚠️fall”
⚠️ᴹ√E root. “intensive prefix”; see instead:
Q. an- “intensive prefix”
S. #an- “intensive prefix”
⚠️ᴱ√E root. “that (by you)”; see instead:
√EN “again, once more, go on doing; further, beyond; [ᴹ√] yonder, over there”
√TA “that, there, then; demonstrative”
ᴹ√Ē¹ root. “indeed”
⚠️ᴹ√Ē² root. “to be” see EƷ
⚠️ᴹ√EDE(L) root. “precede, come forward, hence”; see instead:
√DEL¹ “walk, go, proceed, travel”
√MIN “one, first of a series; [ᴹ√] stand alone, stick out”
⚠️ᴹ√EDEL root. “*star-folk” see ELED; see instead:
√ELED “*Star-Folk, Elf”
✶edelō “one who goes, traveller, migrant, marcher”
⚠️ᴹ√ED(ER) root. “open”
⚠️ᴱ√EÐE¹ root. “out”; see instead:
√ET “out, forth”
⚠️ᴱ√EÐE² root. “*iron, steel”; see instead:
√ANGA “iron”
⚠️ᴱ√EHE root. “*sharp” see EKE
⚠️ᴹ√EƷ root. “be”; see instead:
√EÑ “be, exist”
⚠️ᴱ√EIKA root. “*far, broad”; see instead:
ᴹ√KHAY “far, distant, remote”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√EK root. “(sharp) point, [ᴹ√] spear, thorn”
√EKE root. “it is open” see KE/EKE
√, ᴹ√EL root. “lo, behold; star, [ᴹ√] starry sky”
⚠️ᴱ√ELE¹ root. “drive, push, thrust, send forth”; see instead:
√NID “will; force, press(ure), thrust; [ᴹ√] lean against”
⚠️ᴱ√?ELE² root. “?wonder”; see instead:
^ᴺ√ELEM “wonder, marvel”
^ᴺ√ELEK “different, strange; other”
√, ᴹ√ELED root. “*Star-Folk, Elf”
⚠️ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^ELEK root. “different, strange; other”; see instead:
√HEK “aside, apart, separate”
ᴺ√[ᴺ√]^ELEM root. “wonder, marvel”
√EM¹ root. “depict, portray”
⚠️√EM² root. “mother” see AM¹; see instead:
√AM¹ “mother”
√, ᴹ√EN root. “again, once more, go on doing; further, beyond; [ᴹ√] yonder, over there”
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]EN root. “name”
√EÑ root. “be, exist”
ᴹ√ENE root. “?genitive”
⚠️ᴱ√EŊE root. “*plane, level”; see instead:
√PAL “wide, broad, extended; [ᴹ√] wide (open); [ᴱ√] flatness”
√EÑ “be, exist”
⚠️ᴱ√ENE¹ root. “*idea, invention, devise”; see instead:
ᴹ√GAW “think out, devise, contrive”
⚠️ᴱ√ENE² root. “six”; see instead:
√ENEK “six”
√, ᴹ√ENED root. “centre, middle; ⚠️three”
√, ᴹ√ENEK root. “six”
√ENEL root. “centre, middle; ⚠️three” see ENED
√ENET root. “*one more”
⚠️ᴱ√ENU root. “origin‽”; see instead:
√ER “one, single, only, alone; [ᴹ√] be alone, deprived; [ᴱ√] remain alone”
ᴺ√, ᴹ√[ᴹ√]*EPH root. “emerge (especially from water, opp[osite] of dive)”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√ER root. “one, single, only, alone; [ᴹ√] be alone, deprived; [ᴱ√] remain alone”
⚠️ᴱ√EŘE root. “out” see EÐE¹
ᴹ√ERED root. “*seed” see RED
ᴹ√(E)REK root. “thorn, holly”
ᴹ√ES¹ root. “indicate, name”
⚠️ᴹ√ES² root. “*place”; see instead:
*ᴹ√NOM “place”
⚠️ᴱ√ESE root. “out” see EÐE¹
⚠️ᴹ√ESEK root. “*sedge, reed”; see instead:
ᴹ✶lisge “reed”
⚠️ᴹ√ESE(T) root. “precede (forward)”; see instead:
*√YESET “beginning”
√, ᴹ√ET root. “out, forth”
⚠️ᴱ√ETE root. “cling together”; see instead:
√KHIM “adhere, [ᴹ√] stick, cleave [to]”
√ET “out, forth”
ᴹ√ETER root. “open, come out (of flowers, sun, etc.)”
ᴹ√ETHE root. “other”
√EWE root. see WĒ/EWE
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]EW(EL) root. “*lamb”
⚠️√, ᴹ✶EYE root. “feminine”; see instead:
√NĪ/INI “[ᴹ√] female”
⚠️ᴹ√EZGE root. “rustle, noise of leaves; shade”; see instead:
√SKAL “cover, veil, cloak, conceal, [ᴹ√] screen, hide (from light), overshadow”
⚠️ᴱ√FAɃA root. “*fat” see *FAVA
⚠️ᴱ√FAGA root. “*blow”; see instead:
√PHAW “breath, puff of breath; blow, emit (foul breath); [ᴹ√] gape”
⚠️ᴱ√?FAKA root. “cut”; see instead:
√RIS “cut; [ᴹ√] slash, rip; ⚠️cleave”
⚠️ᴱ√FALA¹ root. “bare, nude”; see instead:
√PAR² “peel, *bare”
⚠️ᴱ√FAL̃A root. “*free” see FAYA
⚠️ᴱ√FANA root. “*dream, vision”; see instead:
√OLOS “dream, vision, fantasy; ⚠️[ᴹ√] sleep”
√PHAN “cover, screen, veil; white, (light white) shape; shape, vision”
⚠️ᴱ√?FAPA root.; see instead:
√MAH “handle, manage, control, wield; ⚠️serve, be of use; [ᴹ√] hand; [ᴱ√] grasp”
√PĀ/APA “touch; after, behind of place”
⚠️ᴱ√?FASA root. “wash”; see instead:
ᴹ√POY “*clean”
^ᴺ√SOW “wash, *bath”
ᴹ√PHAS “*tangle, shag, fringe”
⚠️ᴱ√?FATA root.; see instead:
ᴹ√PHAR “reach, go all the way, suffice”
⚠️ᴱ√*FAÞA root. “tassel”
⚠️ᴱ√*FAVA root. “*fat”
⚠️ᴱ√FAWA root. “smell”; see instead:
√THAW “cruel; ⚠️stink”
ᴹ√NUS “sense, wisdom; *sense of smell”
⚠️ᴱ√FAYA root. “*free”; see instead:
√LER “free”
√LEK “loose, unbind, let, permit, [ᴹ√] let loose, release”
√PHAY “spirit; [ᴹ√] radiate, send out rays of light”
⚠️ᴱ√?FEDE root. “*law, bond”; see instead:
ᴹ√WED “bind”
ᴹ√STAN “fix, indicate, decide”
⚠️ᴱ√‽FEHE root. see ǶEHE
⚠️ᴱ√*FEKE root.; see instead:
ᴹ√SPAY “despise, contemn”
⚠️ᴱ√FELE root. see FELU
⚠️ᴱ√FELU root.
⚠️ᴱ√FEŊE root. “*cut”; see instead:
√KIR “cut, cleave, pass swiftly through; ⚠️shave; skim (surface), slip along, glide quickly”
⚠️ᴱ√?FESE root. “*itch”; see instead:
^ᴺ√PHES “itch”
⚠️ᴱ√FIÐI root. “*hair”; see instead:
√SPIN(ID) “fine thread, filament; hair”
⚠️ᴱ√FILI root. “fine, thin”; see instead:
√PHIM “*slender, slim”
⚠️ᴱ√FIŊI root. “*narrow”; see instead:
√NAKH “narrow, thin”
ᴹ√AK “narrow, confined”
⚠️ᴱ√FIŘI root. “*hair” see FIÐI
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]FIRING root. “necklace”
⚠️ᴱ√FḶKḶ root. “cleave, hew”; see instead:
*√SPALAK “cleave, hew”
⚠️ᴱ√FṆÐṆ root. “*omen, ominous”; see instead:
√GOR “deep, profound; warn, counsel; urge, impel, move; [ᴹ√] impetus, haste, ⚠️violence”
ᴹ√ULUG “*hideous, deformed”
√PHAN “cover, screen, veil; white, (light white) shape; shape, vision”
⚠️ᴱ√FṆTṆ¹ root. “*crooked, twisted”; see instead:
√PHAN “cover, screen, veil; white, (light white) shape; shape, vision”
√PHIN¹ “clever, skillful; neat, fine, delicate; skill, dexterity, [ᴹ√] nimbleness”
⚠️ᴱ√‽FṆTṆ² root. see FANA
⚠️ᴱ√FOƷO root. “hide, hoard, store up, lay up in secret”; see instead:
√PHAW “breath, puff of breath; blow, emit (foul breath); [ᴹ√] gape”
ᴹ√MUY “*secret”
⚠️ᴱ√FOLO root. “*smoke, reek”; see instead:
√USUK “*reek, smoke; ⚠️dusk, evening”
⚠️ᴱ√?FOTO root. “end, final, last”; see instead:
√MET “end, finality”
√TEL “close, end, complete, come to an end”
⚠️ᴱ√?FUKU root. “*smoke, smoulder”; see instead:
√USUK “*reek, smoke; ⚠️dusk, evening”
⚠️ᴱ√FULU root. “strip” see HULU
⚠️ᴱ√FUMU root. “sleep”; see instead:
√(O)LOR “[ᴹ√] sleep, [ᴱ√] doze, slumber; ⚠️[√] dream, vision”
⚠️ᴱ√FURU root. “*conceal”; see instead:
ᴹ√THUR “surround, fence, ward, hedge in, secrete”
√KUB “hide, secrete”
⚠️ᴱ√?FUVU root. “moth”; see instead:
!ᴺ√PHUM “moth”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]*GAK root. “steel”
√, ᴹ√GAL¹ root. “light; shine, be bright”
√, ᴹ√GAL² root. “grow (like plants), flourish, be healthy, be vigorous, bloom, [ᴹ√] thrive”
⚠️√GALAB root. “flower”; see instead:
✶galmā “flower”
ᴹ√GALAD root. “tree”
⚠️√GALAM root. “elm”; see instead:
√ALAB “elm”
ᴹ√GALAN root. “bright”
ᴹ√GALAS root. “joy, be glad”
⚠️ᴱ√?GANA root. “young”; see instead:
√WIN “young, [ᴹ√] new, fresh”
√NETH “(young) woman, female person; sister; fresh, lively, merry; [ᴹ√] young”
√, ᴹ√GAP root. “bend (tr.)”
ᴹ√GAR root. “keep, hold, possess; maintain, defend”
ᴹ√GARAD root. see GARAT
ᴹ√GARAT root. “*defend”
⚠️√GAS root. “*warmth” see AS¹; see instead:
√AS¹ “warmth”
ᴹ√GAS root. “yawn, gape”
ᴹ√GAT root. “*catch”
⚠️ᴹ√GAT(H) root. “*cave”; see instead:
√ROT “delve underground, dig, excavate, tunnel, [ᴹ√] bore; [ᴱ√] hollow; ⚠️[√]cave”
ᴹ√GAW root. “think out, devise, contrive”
⚠️ᴹ√GAY root. “*red, copper-coloured, ruddy”; see instead:
√GAY(AR) “awe, dread; astound, make aghast; sea”
√GAY(AR) root. “awe, dread; astound, make aghast; sea”
ᴹ√GAYAS root. “fear”
ᴹ√GEM root. “*sick” see GENGWA
ᴹ√GENG root. “*sick” see GENGWA
ᴹ√GENGWA root. “sick”
⚠️ᴹ√GEY root. “ever, everlasting”; see instead:
√OY “ever, continual, unceasing”
√GIL root. see (Ñ)GIL
⚠️ᴱ√*GIMI root. “*heed, pay attention”; see instead:
√LAS² “listen”
√KIM “edge, brink of”
ᴹ√GIR root. “quiver, shudder”
⚠️ᴱ√GISI root. “*know” see ISI¹; see instead:
√IS “know”
⚠️ᴱ√GIÞI root. “*(light) snow” see IÞI
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]GIW root. “*germinate, impregnate”
ᴹ√GLAM root. “*noise, echo”
√(G)LAN root. “rim, edge, border, boundary”
√, ᴹ√(G)LAWAR root. “golden light”
√GLAY root. “light [substance]”
ᴹ√(G)LIB root. “*ointment”
√GLIM root. “gleam, glint”
√GLIN(D) root. “sing” see LIN²
⚠️ᴹ√GLINDI root. “pale blue”
ᴹ√(G)LINGI root. “hang”
ᴹ√GLIR root. “sing, trill” see LIR¹
√GLIS root. “*sweet” see LIS
√, ᴱ√(G)LOS root. “snow, whiteness”
ᴹ√GOLOB root. “*branch”
⚠️ᴹ√GOLOS root. “*snow, white”; see instead:
√(G)LOS “snow, whiteness”
ᴹ√GONOD root. “stone”
⚠️ᴱ√*GOPO root. “keep, guard‽” see KOPO
√, ᴹ√GOR root. “deep, profound; warn, counsel; urge, impel, move; [ᴹ√] impetus, haste, ⚠️violence”
⚠️ᴹ√GOROM root.; see instead:
√ROM “horn noise; [ᴹ√] loud noise”
ᴹ√GOS root. “dread”
ᴹ√GOTH root. see GOS
⚠️ᴱ√GOÞO root. “strive; angry”; see instead:
ᴹ√GOS “dread”
√KOT “be wroth, quarrel, [ᴹ√]strive; ⚠️[√] hate”
⚠️ᴹ√GOW root. see GAW; see instead:
ᴹ√GAW “think out, devise, contrive”
⚠️ᴹ√GRAD root. “to flatten, lay low/flat, make flat what was standing”
√, ᴹ√*GRAW root. “[ᴹ√] dark, swart”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^(G)RETH root. “aid, support”
√GRON root.
√GROT root. “dig, excavate, tunnel” see ROT
⚠️ᴱ√GṚÞṚ root. “*admire, have affection for”; see instead:
√MEL “love, [ᴹ√] love (as friend)”
ᴹ√GRUD root. “[empty entry]” see RUD
⚠️ᴹ√GŪ root. “no, not”; see instead:
√Ū “denial of fact, privation, negative element, [ᴱ√] not”
⚠️ᴱ√GUÐU root. see *ƷUÐU
ᴹ√GUL root. “*golden-red” see KUL
⚠️ᴱ√*GUMU root. see KUMU
⚠️ᴱ√GUŊU root. “*spider”; see instead:
√UÑG “spider”
√GUR root. “hard, stiff, difficult, cumbrous, slow”
⚠️ᴱ√GWĀ root. “*wind”; see instead:
√WĀ “blow; noise of wind, echoic representation of sound of wind”
√GWAL root. “be stirred, excited; emotion, movement of feelings”
⚠️ᴱ√GWALA¹ root. “*brown”; see instead:
ᴹ√BARAN “russet, brown”
√GWAL “be stirred, excited; emotion, movement of feelings”
⚠️ᴱ√GWALA² root. see *WALA
√(G)WAN root. “pale, fair”
⚠️ᴱ√GWARA root. see WARA
⚠️ᴱ√GWASA root. “*rush”; see instead:
√ALAK “rushing, [ᴹ√] swift”
*ᴺ√KHYAS “rush, rustle”
⚠️√GWAY root.; see instead:
√(G)WAN “pale, fair”
⚠️ᴱ√GWAṘA root. “rub”; see instead:
Q. †psar- “to rub, [ᴹQ.] fret”
⚠️ᴱ√GWEÐE¹ root. “*bend, loop”; see instead:
√LOK “bend, loop, [ᴱ√] twine, twist, curl; [ᴹ√] great serpent, dragon”
⚠️ᴱ√GWEÐE² root. see GWENE¹; see instead:
√WEN(ED) “maiden, girl, virgin; ⚠️woman”
⚠️ᴱ√GWELE root. “*boil, bubble”; see instead:
^ᴺ√WEL “*boil, bubble”
⚠️√, ᴹ√GWEN root. “fair, beautiful; (probably originally) fresh, fair, unblemished (especially of beauty of youth)”
⚠️ᴱ√GWENE¹ root. “*maiden; woman”; see instead:
√WEN(ED) “maiden, girl, virgin; ⚠️woman”
⚠️ᴱ√GWENE² root. “*large, wide”; see instead:
√YAN¹ “wide, extensive, large, vast, huge; extend”
⚠️ᴱ√GWERE root. “whirl, twirl, twist”; see instead:
√LOK “bend, loop, [ᴱ√] twine, twist, curl; [ᴹ√] great serpent, dragon”
√WIR “weave, twine, weaving with cross-threads or withes”
ᴺ√KWIR “stir, spin”
⚠️ᴱ√#GWESE root. “greet, welcome”; see instead:
√NATH “welcome, be kind to”
⚠️ᴱ√GWETE root. “*wind, turn, bend”; see instead:
√LOK “bend, loop, [ᴱ√] twine, twist, curl; [ᴹ√] great serpent, dragon”
√GWETH root. “report, give account of, inform of things unknown or wished to be known”
⚠️ᴱ√GWEVE root. “*worm”; see instead:
^ᴺ√WEB “*worm”
⚠️ᴱ√GWIÐI root. “*plait, weave”; see instead:
√WIR “weave, twine, weaving with cross-threads or withes”
√LAN “stretch, extend; ‽twine; [ᴹ√] weave”
⚠️ᴱ√GWIGI root. “*foam” see GWIŊI
⚠️ᴱ√*GWIKI root. “*corner”
⚠️ᴱ√GWILI¹ root. “*fly”; see instead:
ᴹ√WIL “fly, float in air”
⚠️ᴱ√GWILI² root. “*peace, quiet”
⚠️ᴱ√GWIMI root. see GWINI
⚠️ᴱ√GWINI root. “sparkle”; see instead:
√TIN “sparkle, spark, [ᴱ√] twinkle, [ᴹ√] emit slender (silver pale) beams”
⚠️ᴱ√GWIŊI root. “*foam”; see instead:
ᴹ√WIG “*foam”
⚠️ᴱ√GWIWI root. “*young”; see instead:
√WIN “young, [ᴹ√] new, fresh”
⚠️ᴱ√GWORI root. “‽”; see instead:
Val. mirub “wine”
⚠️ᴱ√GWṚÐṚ root. “die”; see instead:
√ÑGUR “death; to die”
⚠️ᴱ√*GWṚÞṚ root. see GWṚÐṚ
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^GYAK root. “cattle”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^GYANTA root. “*(en)large, increase”
⚠️ᴹ√GYĒ root.
√, ᴹ√GYEL root. “[ᴹ√] *cry of joy or triumph, ⚠️[√] ringing”
ᴹ√GYER root. “*old, worn out (of things)”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^GYEREN root. “ore, [unrefined] metal”
√GYOL root. “ringing” see GYEL
⚠️ᴱ√HAÐA root. “cleave, remain”; see instead:
√KHAD “sit”
⚠️ᴱ√?HAKA root. “*squat”; see instead:
^ᴺ√KHAK “*squat”
⚠️ᴱ√HALA root. “*leap”; see instead:
√KHAL “raise; lift up or extend upwards, [ᴹ√] uplift, erect, lift from ground, (make) stand up”
⚠️ᴱ√HAMA root. “‽”
√HAN root. “add to, increase, enhance, enrich, honour (especially by gift); give”
⚠️ᴱ√HAŘA root. “cleave, remain” see HAÐA
⚠️ᴱ√*HARA root.; see instead:
√SRAW “body, flesh”
⚠️ᴱ√HATA root. “hurl, fling”; see instead:
ᴹ√KHAT “hurl, cast, send through air, loose from hand”
√HATH root. “treat kindly/make easy, (help to) cure”
⚠️ᴱ√?ǶAWA root. “snow”
⚠️ᴱ√#HAWA root.; see instead:
√KHAW¹ “[ᴹ√] rest, lie at ease; ⚠️[√] cover up, hide away, lay in store”
⚠️ᴱ√?HAYA root. “go, fare”
⚠️ᴱ√ǶEHE root. “breath; die, expire”; see instead:
√THŪ “blow, cause an air movement, [ᴹ√] puff”
√HEK root. “aside, apart, separate”
⚠️ᴱ√HELE root. “*freeze”; see instead:
√KHEL “ice, [ᴹ√] freeze”
⚠️√HEN root. “again; middle”; see instead:
√EN “again, once more, go on doing; further, beyond; [ᴹ√] yonder, over there”
√ENED “centre, middle; ⚠️three”
⚠️ᴱ√*ǶEN+U root. “*poison”; see instead:
√SLOY “*poison”
⚠️ᴱ√HEN+U root. see *ǶEN+U
⚠️√HENET root. “middle”; see instead:
√ENED “centre, middle; ⚠️three”
⚠️ᴱ√HEPE root. “bind, encircle‽”; see instead:
√KHEP “retain, keep, do not give away or release, keep hold of; ⚠️[ᴱ√] bind; encircle”
√KHAP “bind, make fast, restrain; [ᴹ√] enfold; [√]retain, keep, detain; ⚠️deprive of liberty”
⚠️ᴱ√HESE¹ root. “brother or sister”; see instead:
^ᴺ√KHETH “sibling, consanguinity”
⚠️ᴱ√HESE² root. “wither”; see instead:
^ᴺ√KHES “wither”
⚠️ᴱ√HEÞE¹ root. see HESE¹
⚠️ᴱ√HEÞE² root. see HESE²
⚠️ᴱ√HILI root. “*youth, offspring”; see instead:
√KHIL “follow (behind)”
√KHIN “child”
⚠️ᴱ√HISI root. “*mist, dimness”; see instead:
√KHITH “mist, [ᴹ√] fog”
⚠️ᴱ√?HIÞI root. “*listen”; see instead:
√LAS² “listen”
⚠️ᴱ√HḶKḶ root. see HELE
√HO root. “from, coming from”
⚠️ᴱ√HO root. “shout, scream”; see instead:
√KHOL² “crow, cry aloud”
√HOR root. “urge, impel, move” see GOR
⚠️ᴱ√HOSO root. “*gather”; see instead:
√KHOT¹ “gather, together in confusion, jumble”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^HOT root. “sneeze”
⚠️ᴱ√HOTHO root. “bind” see HOSO
⚠️ᴱ√HOTYO root. “sneeze”; see instead:
^ᴺ√HOT “sneeze”
⚠️ᴱ√HUHU¹ root. “whoop”
⚠️ᴱ√HUHU² root. “*pine”; see instead:
✶thŏno “pine”
⚠️ᴱ√HULU root. “strip”; see instead:
ᴹ√SKEL “*strip”
⚠️ᴱ√HUNU root. “lie low”; see instead:
ᴹ√TUB “to fall low[?], go down (below normal ground level), (esp.) to go down (sink, dive) into water”
⚠️ᴱ√?ǶUNU root.; see instead:
N. annabon “elephant”
ᴹQ. andamunda “elephant”
⚠️ᴱ√HURU root. see FURU
⚠️ᴱ√?HUYU root. “*fog”; see instead:
√KHITH “mist, [ᴹ√] fog”
⚠️ᴱ√ǶUẎU root. “*darkness”; see instead:
ᴹ√PHUY “*darkness”
⚠️ᴱ√HYA root. “this by us”; see instead:
√SI¹ “this, [ᴹ√] here, now”
⚠️ᴱ√HYAÐA root. “plough through”; see instead:
ᴹ√SYAD¹ “shear through, cleave (through)”
⚠️ᴱ√HYAŘA root. “plough through” see HYAÐA
⚠️√ƷAN root. “adorn; extend; long”; see instead:
√HAN “add to, increase, enhance, enrich, honour (especially by gift); give”
√YAN¹ “wide, extensive, large, vast, huge; extend”
ᴹ√ƷAN root. “male”
ᴹ√ƷAR root. “have, hold”
⚠️ᴱ√ƷARA root. “spread, extend sideways; wide places”; see instead:
√AR “beyond, further than; outside; ⚠️beside, alongside; [ᴱ√] spread, extend sideways”
√YAN¹ “wide, extensive, large, vast, huge; extend”
ᴹ√ƷEL root. “sky”
⚠️ᴱ√#ƷETE root. “*kin”
⚠️ᴹ√ƷO root. “from, away, from among, out of”; see instead:
√HO “from, coming from”
⚠️ᴱ√*ƷONO root. “hard”; see instead:
ᴹ√GONOD “stone”
ᴹ√ƷOR root.
√ƷOR root. see GOR
⚠️ᴱ√*ƷṚMṚ root. “*gather”; see instead:
ᴹ√RIM “abound; large number”
⚠️ᴱ√*ƷUÐU root. “*burn”; see instead:
√UR “heat, be hot”
⚠️ᴱ√Ī root. “be”
⚠️ᴹ√Ī root. “to be” see YĒ
ᴹ√, ᴱ√I¹ root. “that (deictic particle); [ᴱ√] here it is, root of relatives”
ᴹ√I² root. “intensive prefix”
√IBI root. “*cliff, sheer descent”
⚠️ᴱ√‽IɃI root. “to swarm”; see instead:
√IBI “*cliff, sheer descent”
⚠️√, ᴹ√ID root. “desire, long for”; see instead:
√IR “desire, long for; [ᴹ√] desirable, beautiful”
⚠️ᴱ√IÐI root. “dwell‽”; see instead:
√MBAR “settle; establish, fix, decide, determine, make a decision; dwell, [ᴹ√] inhabit, [ᴱ√] live”
⚠️ᴱ√?IKI root.; see instead:
√GWAL “be stirred, excited; emotion, movement of feelings”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^IKWI(S) root. “request, ask for”
√, ᴹ√IL root. “all”
⚠️ᴱ√ILI¹ root. “shine oily”; see instead:
^ᴺ√ILIM “milk”
^ᴺ√MILIG “*oil”
⚠️ᴱ√ILI² root. “many”; see instead:
√LI “many”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^ILIM root. “milk”
⚠️ᴱ√ILU root. “ether, the slender airs among the stars”
√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]*IM root. “[ᴱ√] same, alike”
ᴹ√IMBE root. “dell, deep vale”
√, ᴱ√, ᴹ√IMI root. “in” see MI/IMI
√, ᴹ√ING root. “*highest, top; [ᴹ√] first, foremost”
⚠️ᴱ√INI root. “small”; see instead:
√ING “*highest, top; [ᴹ√] first, foremost”
√, ᴹ√INI root. “*female” see NĪ/INI
√IN(ID) root. “mind, (inner) thought, inmost heart, inner senses”
ᴹ√INIK root. “*idea”
⚠️√INIS root. “inmost heart, thought, mind” see IN(ID); see instead:
√IN(ID) “mind, (inner) thought, inmost heart, inner senses”
⚠️ᴱ√IQI root. “request, ask for”; see instead:
^ᴺ√IKWI(S) “request, ask for”
√, ᴹ√IR root. “desire, long for; [ᴹ√] desirable, beautiful”
⚠️ᴱ√IŘI root. “dwell‽” see IÐI
⚠️ᴱ√*IRI root. “wish, intend”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^IRIT root. “peck, prick”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√IS root. “know”
⚠️ᴱ√ISI² root. “*(light) snow” see IÞI
√IT¹ root. “glitter, shine, shimmer, twinkle”
⚠️√IT² root. “repeat, multiply; (great) enhancement”; see instead:
√IT¹ “glitter, shine, shimmer, twinkle”
√ITH root. “glitter, shine, shimmer, twinkle” see IT¹
⚠️ᴱ√ITI¹ root. “peck, bite (of flies), annoy”; see instead:
^ᴺ√ITITH “annoy, *itch, irritate; ⚠️peck, bite (of flies)”
⚠️ᴱ√?ITI² root. “precious”; see instead:
√MIR “precious; esteem, value”
√IT¹ “glitter, shine, shimmer, twinkle”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^ITITH root. “annoy, *itch, irritate; ⚠️peck, bite (of flies)”
⚠️ᴱ√IÞI root. “*(light) snow”
⚠️ᴹ√, ᴱ√IW root. “[ᴱ√] *fish”; see instead:
ᴹ√LIW “*fish”
√KĀ root. “after (later than) of time”
√, ᴹ√KAB root. “hold, contain, retain, possess, have in hand; [ᴹ√] hollow”
⚠️ᴹ√KAB² root. “to be able, capable”; see instead:
√POL “can, have physical power and ability; large, big (strong); [ᴹ√] physically strong, [ᴱ√] have stength; [√] ⚠️pound up, break up small, reduce to powder”
√KAB “hold, contain, retain, possess, have in hand; [ᴹ√] hollow”
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]KAH root. “cause”
⚠️ᴱ√KAILIK root. “*glass”; see instead:
√KALAK “glass”
⚠️ᴱ√KAKA root. “laugh”; see instead:
√LAL “laugh”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√KAL root. “light; shine, be bright, ⚠️[ᴱ√] shine golden”
⚠️ᴱ√KALA² root. “*grow”; see instead:
√GAL² “grow (like plants), flourish, be healthy, be vigorous, bloom, [ᴹ√] thrive”
√KALAK root. “glass”
√, ᴹ√KALAR root. “[ᴹ√] be radiant”
√KALAT root.
ᴹ√KALPA root. “water-vessel”
√KAM root. “fit, suit, be agreeable, agree; ⚠️[ᴹ√] bind, join”
⚠️ᴹ√KAM root. “bind, join”; see instead:
√SAM¹ “have; [ᴹ√] unite, join”
⚠️ᴱ√KAMA¹ root. “lie down”; see instead:
√KAY “lie, [ᴹ√] lie down; ⚠️[ᴱ√] rest, dwell”
√KAM “fit, suit, be agreeable, agree; ⚠️[ᴹ√] bind, join”
⚠️ᴱ√‽KAMA² root. “*red flower”
√, ᴹ√KAN root. “cry aloud; (Q. only) command; lead, rule; ⚠️[ᴹ√] dare”
⚠️ᴱ√KAŊA root. “weave, twine”; see instead:
ᴹ√LAN “weave”
ᴺ√KANGA “*tangle; ⚠️[ᴱ√] weave, twine”
⚠️ᴱ√KANA root. “*lead (metal)”; see instead:
^ᴺ√KANU “*lead (metal)”
√, ᴹ√KANAT root. “four”
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]KANGA root. “*tangle; ⚠️[ᴱ√] weave, twine”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^KANU root. “*lead (metal)”
ᴹ√, ᴱ√KAP root. “leap, [ᴱ√] spring”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√KAR root. “do, make, build, [ᴹ√] construct”
√, ᴹ√KARAK root. “[ᴹ√] sharp fang, spike, tooth”
ᴹ√KARAN root. “red”
⚠️√KARAP root. “*talk, speech”; see instead:
√PAKAT “*talk, speech”
ᴹ√KARPA root. “?”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√KAS root. “head”
√, ᴹ√KAT root. “shape, [ᴹ√] make”
√KATA root. “after (later than) of time” see KĀ
⚠️ᴱ√KATYA root. “*gleam”
⚠️ᴱ√KAVA root. “*dig”; see instead:
ᴺ√SAP “[ᴱ√] dig, excavate”
√KAW root. “shelter”
√[ᴱ√]*KAWAK root. “*caw, croak”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√KAY root. “lie, [ᴹ√] lie down; ⚠️[ᴱ√] rest, dwell”
⚠️ᴱ√‽KAẎA root.
⚠️√, ᴹ√KAYAN root. “ten”; see instead:
√KWAY “ten”
⚠️ᴹ√KAYAR root. see KAYAN; see instead:
√KWAY “ten”
⚠️ᴱ√KAẆA root. “stoop”; see instead:
√KAW “shelter”
√KE/EKE root. “may (be); have chance, opportunity or permission; it is open”
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]KEK root. “cluck”
⚠️ᴱ√KEKE¹ root. “to bubble up”; see instead:
√KEL “flow (down or away), run (of water or rivers), go away, [ᴹ√] run away especially downwards or at end; ⚠️[ᴱ√] ooze, trickle”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√KEL root. “flow (down or away), run (of water or rivers), go away, [ᴹ√] run away especially downwards or at end; ⚠️[ᴱ√] ooze, trickle”
ᴹ√, ᴱ√KEM root. “soil, earth”
√, ᴹ√KEN root. “see, perceive, note, [ᴹ√] look at, observe, direct gaze”
⚠️ᴹ√KEN² root. “spearhead, gore”; see instead:
√NEK¹ “narrow; *angular, sharp”
⚠️ᴱ√KENYE root. “prick”; see instead:
√EK “(sharp) point, [ᴹ√] spear, thorn”
⚠️ᴹ√KEPER root. “ridge; knob, head, top”
⚠️√KER root. “cut with tool/weapon” see KIR; see instead:
√KIR “cut, cleave, pass swiftly through; ⚠️shave; skim (surface), slip along, glide quickly”
⚠️ᴱ√KERE root. “turn”; see instead:
√KWER “revolve, [ᴱ√] turn”
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]K(E)REK root. “*spit [noun]”
⚠️ᴱ√KEREKE² root. “turn round and round, send to and fro; weave”; see instead:
√KWER “revolve, [ᴱ√] turn”
√WIR “weave, twine, weaving with cross-threads or withes”
⚠️√KES root. “other”; see instead:
√KHY- “other”
√KETH root. “enquire of, question, examine something”
√KEW root. “new, fresh; anew, repeated; live of vegetables”
⚠️√KEY root. “*suppose”; see instead:
√KWI “suppose”
√KHAB root. “heap up, pile up”
√, ᴹ√KHAD root. “sit”
√KHAG¹ root. “stake”
⚠️√, ᴹ√KHAG² root. “pile up”; see instead:
√KHAB “heap up, pile up”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^KHAK root. “*squat”
√, ᴹ√KHAL root. “raise; lift up or extend upwards, [ᴹ√] uplift, erect, lift from ground, (make) stand up”
⚠️ᴹ√KHAL¹ root. “(small) fish” see SKAL²
⚠️√KHAM root. “bind, make fast; restrain, deprive of liberty” see KHAP; see instead:
√KHAP “bind, make fast, restrain; [ᴹ√] enfold; [√]retain, keep, detain; ⚠️deprive of liberty”
ᴹ√KHAM² “call to, summon, name by name”
⚠️ᴹ√KHAM¹ root. “sit (down)”; see instead:
√KHAD “sit”
ᴹ√KHAM² root. “call to, summon, name by name”
ᴹ√KHAN root. “understand, comprehend”
√KHAN¹ root. “brother”
√KHAN² root. “back”
⚠️ᴹ√KHAN(AK) root. “giant”; see instead:
ᴹ√NOROTH “*giant”
√, ᴹ√KHAP root. “bind, make fast, restrain; [ᴹ√] enfold; [√]retain, keep, detain; ⚠️deprive of liberty”
⚠️ᴹ√KHAR root. “helmet”; see instead:
√STOL “helmet”
⚠️ᴹ√KHARAN root. “helmet” see KHAR
⚠️ᴹ√KHARAP root. “helmet” see KHAR
ᴹ√KHARAS root. “*precipice”
√*KHAS root. “mar”
ᴹ√KHAT root. “hurl, cast, send through air, loose from hand”
√, ᴹ√KHAW¹ root. “[ᴹ√] rest, lie at ease; ⚠️[√] cover up, hide away, lay in store”
√KHAW² root. “big”
√KHAWAD root. “store, hoard; *lay in store”
ᴹ√KHAY root. “far, distant, remote”
√, ᴹ√KHEL root. “ice, [ᴹ√] freeze”
√, ᴹ√KHELEK root. “ice”
√, ᴹ√KHEN root. “base of eye-words; ⚠️[ᴹ√] look at, see, observe, direct gaze”
√KHEP root. “retain, keep, do not give away or release, keep hold of; ⚠️[ᴱ√] bind; encircle”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√KHER root. “possess, [ᴹ√] rule, govern, [ᴱ√] have power”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^KHES root. “wither”
ᴹ√KHES root. “command”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^KHETH root. “sibling, consanguinity”
ᴹ√KHI root. “demonstrative of 1st pers (b)”
√, ᴹ√KHIL root. “follow (behind)”
√, ᴹ√KHIM root. “adhere, [ᴹ√] stick, cleave [to]”
√KHIN root. “child”
√KHIR root. “light on, find”
⚠️ᴹ√KHIS root. see KHITH; see instead:
√KHITH “mist, [ᴹ√] fog”
√, ᴹ√KHITH root. “mist, [ᴹ√] fog”
⚠️ᴹ√KHLIP root. “[unglossed]”
⚠️ᴹ√KHOL root. “(small) fish” see SKAL²
√KHOL¹ root. “shut, close” see SKOL
√KHOL² root. “crow, cry aloud”
√KHOM root. “heart (physical organ)”
⚠️ᴹ√, ᴱ√KHO(N) root. “heart (physical)”; see instead:
√KHOM “heart (physical organ)”
ᴹ√KHOP root. “*harbour, bay”
ᴹ√KHOR root. “set going, put in motion, urge on”
√KHOT¹ root. “gather, together in confusion, jumble”
√, ᴹ√KHOT² root. “be wroth, quarrel; hate” see KOT
⚠️ᴹ√KHOTH root. “gather”; see instead:
√KHOT¹ “gather, together in confusion, jumble”
√KHŪ root. “curse” see SKŪ
ᴹ√KHUG root. “bark, bay”
⚠️ᴹ√KHUS root. “up from below ground, to ground level”; see instead:
*ᴺ√EPH “emerge (especially from water, opp[osite] of dive)”
√KHY- root. “other”
⚠️√KHYĀ root. “before, in front of place”; see instead:
√KHY- “other”
✶epe “after of time; after or behind of place”
ᴹ√KHYAR root. “left hand”
ᴺ√*KHYAS root. “rush, rustle”
⚠️ᴹ√KHYEL(ES) root. “glass”; see instead:
√KALAK “glass”
S. heledh “glass”
⚠️ᴱ√KI root. “this by me”; see instead:
√SI¹ “this, [ᴹ√] here, now”
ᴹ√KI root. see TI
⚠️ᴱ√KIÐI root. “cut, split”; see instead:
√KIR “cut, cleave, pass swiftly through; ⚠️shave; skim (surface), slip along, glide quickly”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√KIL root. “choose, select; [ᴹ√] divide; ⚠️[ᴱ√] edge”
√KIM root. “edge, brink of”
⚠️ᴹ√KIM root. “light on, find, come by”; see instead:
√KHIR “light on, find”
√KIM “edge, brink of”
⚠️√KIN root. “*small” see KIT; see instead:
√KIT “*small”
⚠️ᴱ√*KINIKI root. “hang”
√, ᴹ√KIR root. “cut, cleave, pass swiftly through; ⚠️shave; skim (surface), slip along, glide quickly”
⚠️ᴱ√KIŘI root. “cut, split” see KIÐI
ᴹ√KIRIK root. “*reap”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√KIRIS root. “cleave, [ᴹ√] cut, [ᴱ√] split”
⚠️ᴱ√KISI root. “cut, split”; see instead:
√KIR “cut, cleave, pass swiftly through; ⚠️shave; skim (surface), slip along, glide quickly”
√KIT root. “*small”
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]KIT root. “*tickle”
⚠️ᴹ√KIWIK root. “*thigh”; see instead:
ᴹ✶tiukō “thigh”
⚠️ᴱ√KḶKḶ root. “gather, collect, reap”; see instead:
ᴹ√KIRIK “*reap”
⚠️ᴱ√?KḶNḶ root. “*ring”; see instead:
√ÑYEL “ring(ing), [ᴹ√] sing, give out a sweet sound”
⚠️ᴱ√KḶPḶ root. “hold, contains (esp. of liquids)”; see instead:
ᴹ√KALPA “water-vessel”
⚠️ᴱ√KḶTḶ root. “tilt; fling”; see instead:
ᴹ√RIK(H) “jerk, sudden move, flirt”
⚠️ᴱ√KṆÐṆ root. “shine”
⚠️ᴱ√KṆŘṆ root. “shine” see KṆÐṆ
⚠️ᴱ√KṆTṆ root. “make twang; play harp”; see instead:
ᴹ√ÑGAN(AD) “play (on stringed instrument)”
⚠️√KOB¹ root. “gather, collect” see KOM; see instead:
√KOM “gather, collect”
√[ᴹ√]*KOB² root. “*bay”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^KOD root. “revere”
⚠️ᴱ√KOÐO root. “revere‽”; see instead:
^ᴺ√KOD “revere”
⚠️ᴱ√KOHO root. “undergo, endure”
⚠️ᴱ√?KOK root. “catch”
√KOL root. “bear, carry, wear”
⚠️ᴹ√KOL root. “round, (?rim)”; see instead:
√KOR “round; [ᴱ√] be round, roll”
√KOL “bear, carry, wear”
⚠️ᴱ√KOLO¹ root. “to strain through”; see instead:
√KOL “bear, carry, wear”
⚠️ᴱ√KOLO² root. “*point”; see instead:
√KOL “bear, carry, wear”
√KOM root. “gather, collect”
⚠️ᴱ√KOMO root. “*ball, roll”; see instead:
√KOR “round; [ᴱ√] be round, roll”
√KOM “gather, collect”
√KON root. “lord; to lead” see *KUN(DU)
⚠️ᴹ√KOPAR root. “knob, head, tip”
⚠️ᴱ√KOPO root. “keep, guard‽”; see instead:
ᴹ√KHOP “*harbour, bay”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√KOR root. “round; [ᴱ√] be round, roll”
ᴹ√KORKA root. “crow”
⚠️ᴱ√KOŘO root. “revere‽” see KOÐO
⚠️√KOROK root. “hen” see POROK; see instead:
√POROK “hen”
⚠️ᴱ√KOSO root. see GOÞO
√, ᴹ√KOT root. “be wroth, quarrel, [ᴹ√]strive; ⚠️[√] hate”
⚠️ᴱ√*KOTO root. “nut”; see instead:
Q. *pecco “nut”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√KOY root. “[ᴹ√] live, have life”
⚠️ᴹ√KRAB root. “press”; see instead:
√THAG “oppress, crush, press”
⚠️ᴱ√KṚKṚ root. “*point, bend”; see instead:
√KARAK “[ᴹ√] sharp fang, spike, tooth”
⚠️ᴱ√KṚNṚ root. “*red”; see instead:
ᴹ√KARAN “red”
⚠️ᴱ√KṚPṚ root. “pluck”; see instead:
ᴹ√KARPA “?”
ᴹ√KŪ root. “*coo”
√KUB root. “hide, secrete”
⚠️ᴹ√KUB¹ root. “*mound, heap”; see instead:
√KUB “hide, secrete”
√KHAB “heap up, pile up”
⚠️ᴹ√KUB² root. “bow” see KU(Ʒ); see instead:
*√KU(H) “bow, [ᴱ√] bend”
√, ᴹ√[ᴹ√]*KU(H) root. “bow, [ᴱ√] bend”
⚠️ᴱ√?KUKU root.
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√KUL root. “golden-red; ⚠️[ᴱ√] gold”
ᴹ√KUM root. “void”
⚠️ᴱ√KUMU root. “heap up”; see instead:
ᴹ√KUB¹ “*mound, heap”
ᴹ√KUM “void”
√, ᴹ√*KUN(DU) root. “to lead; lord, [ᴹ√] prince”
⚠️ᴱ√KUPU root. “hump”; see instead:
ᴹ√TUMPU “hump”
^ᴺ√LUP “hump, lump, fat”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√KUR root. “have power, strength, ability inherent physically or mentally; skill, [ᴹ√] craft”
⚠️ᴹ√KURUM root. “*left”; see instead:
ᴹ√KHYAR “left hand”
⚠️ᴱ√KUVU root. “bend, bow”; see instead:
*√KU(H) “bow, [ᴱ√] bend”
√, ᴹ√KUY root. “awake; ⚠️live, [ᴹ√] come to life”
√, ᴹ√KWA root. “complete, full, whole, all, every; ⚠️[ᴹ√] something”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√KWAL root. “die, pain, [ᴹ√] die in pain”
ᴹ√, ᴱ√KWAM root. “*sick”
√KWAN root. “completion” see KWA
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]KWAP root. “chaffer, *haggle, bargain”
√, ᴹ√KWAR root. “press together, squeeze, wring, clench; clenched hand, fist”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√KWAT root. “fill; full”
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]KWATH root. “*shake”
√KWAY root. “ten”
√KWE root. “vocal speech”
ᴹ√KWǢ root. “onomatopoetic”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√KWEL¹ root. “fade, die away, grow faint, [ᴹ√] fade away; wither, [ᴱ√] decay, ⚠️perish, die”
√KWEL² root. “revolve” see KWER
√KWEN root. “speak with rational words”
√, ᴹ√KWENED root. “spoken, articulate; [ᴹ√] Elf”
√, ᴱ√KWER root. “revolve, [ᴱ√] turn”
ᴹ√KWES root. “*feather”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√KWET root. “say, speak, utter words”
√KWI root. “suppose”
ᴹ√KWIG root. “*bow (for shooting); ?shoot”
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]KWIK(W) root. “languid”
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]KWIL root. “colour, color”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^KWILID root. “quiet”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^KWILIT root. “belt, girdle”
√KWIN root. “crest, salient or top edge”
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]KWIN root. “*squeak”
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]KWIR root. “stir, spin”
√KWIS root. “inquire, suppose”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^KWIT root. “knit”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^KWOD root. “*choke, suffocate, drown”
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]KWOL root. “*disease”
⚠️√, ᴹ√KYAB root. “taste” see KYAW; see instead:
√KYAW “taste, select, choose”
ᴹ√KYAR root. “cause, ⚠️do”
√KYAW root. “taste, select, choose”
√KYEL¹ root. “go down slowly”
⚠️√, ᴹ√KYEL² root. “(come to an) end, cease, run out”; see instead:
√TEL “close, end, complete, come to an end”
ᴹ√KYELEK root. “swift, agile”
√, ᴹ√KYELEP root. “silver”
⚠️√KYELES root. “*at rear” see TELES; see instead:
√TELES “come at rear, end a line or series; [ᴹ√] hindmost, tarrier”
⚠️ᴹ√KYEN root. “see, perceive, look at, observe, direct gaze” see KEN¹; see instead:
√KEN “see, perceive, note, [ᴹ√] look at, observe, direct gaze”
⚠️ᴱ√KYERE root. “turn” see KERE
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]KYUR root. “curdle”
⚠️ᴱ√KYUSU root. “curdle” see KYURU; see instead:
ᴺ√KYUR “curdle”
√LA root. “no, not; negative; not to be”
⚠️√LĀ root. “interjection of pleasure/assent”; see instead:
√LA “no, not; negative; not to be”
√AL(A) “good (physically), blessed, fortunate, prosperous, health(y)”
⚠️ᴹ√LĀ root.; see instead:
√LAƷ “cross, pass over, go beyond”
⚠️ᴱ√LĀ root. “spread‽” see LAHA
⚠️ᴱ√LA’A root. see LAHA
√, ᴹ√LAB root. “lick, move the tongue”
√, ᴹ√LAD root. “[ᴹ√] lie flat, be flat; ⚠️[√] bottom, ground”
⚠️ᴱ√LAÐA root. “*broad”; see instead:
√LAD “[ᴹ√] lie flat, be flat; ⚠️[√] bottom, ground”
ᴹ√LAG root. “*cut”
√LAG root. “*neck” see LAƷ
⚠️ᴱ√LAHA root. “*open, extend”; see instead:
√LAT¹ “open, unenclosed, free to entry, [ᴹ√] lie open; be extended, stretch, be situated (of an area); ⚠️[√] low, lowlying, at ground level”
⚠️ᴹ√LAƷ root.; see instead:
√AL(A) “good (physically), blessed, fortunate, prosperous, health(y)”
√LAƷ “cross, pass over, go beyond”
√LAƷ root. “cross, pass over, go beyond”
ᴹ√, ᴱ√LAIK root. “keen, sharp, acute”
⚠️ᴹ√LAK¹ root. “swallow”; see instead:
√LAƷ “cross, pass over, go beyond”
ᴹ√SLUK “swallow”
ᴹ√LAK² root. “swift” see (A)LAK
⚠️ᴱ√*LAKA root. “*pick (up)”; see instead:
√KHOT¹ “gather, together in confusion, jumble”
√LEP “pick up/out (with the fingers); finger”
ᴹ√LAKH root. “kick”
√LAL root. “laugh”
⚠️ᴱ√LALA root. “*babble”; see instead:
√LAL “laugh”
⚠️ᴹ√(L)ALAM root. “elm-tree”; see instead:
√ALAB “elm”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√LAM root. “(inarticulate voiced) sound”
√LAÑ root. “*beyond” see LAƷ
√, ᴹ√LAN root. “stretch, extend; ‽twine; [ᴹ√] weave”
⚠️ᴹ√LANK root. “swallow” see LAK¹
√, ᴱ√LAP root. “fold, bend, [ᴱ√] enfold”
⚠️ᴹ√LAP root. “*babe”; see instead:
√WIN “young, [ᴹ√] new, fresh”
√LAP “fold, bend, [ᴱ√] enfold”
⚠️ᴱ√LAQA root. “catch”; see instead:
ᴹ√GAT “*catch”
ᴹ√, ᴱ√LAR root. “rich, fat”
⚠️ᴱ√LAŘA root. see LAÐA
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√LAS¹ root. “leaf”
√LAS² root. “listen”
ᴹ√LAS² root. “listen”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√LAT¹ root. “open, unenclosed, free to entry, [ᴹ√] lie open; be extended, stretch, be situated (of an area); ⚠️[√] low, lowlying, at ground level”
√LAT² root. “fall (to the ground)”
ᴹ√LATH root. “string, thong”
⚠️ᴱ√LAVA root. “lick”; see instead:
ᴹ√LAB “lick”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√LAW root. “flourish (green), grow, [ᴹ√] abound; warm”
√, ᴹ√LAWAR root. see (G)LAWAR
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√LAY root. “[ᴱ√] be alive, flourish”
ᴹ√LAYAK root. “*fresh, green”
⚠️ᴱ√ḶÐḶ root.
ᴹ√LĒ root. “go, fare”
⚠️ᴹ√LEB root. “stay, stick, adhere, remain, tarry” see LEM; see instead:
ᴹ√LEM “stay, stick, adhere, remain, tarry”
√, ᴹ√LED root. “go, proceed, [ᴹ√] fare, travel”
⚠️ᴱ√LEFE¹ root. “*heart”; see instead:
^ᴺ√LEPH “liver”
⚠️ᴱ√LEFE² root. “half” see *LEǶE
⚠️ᴱ√*LEǶE root. “half; *five”; see instead:
√LEPEN “five”
√PER “half; [ᴹ√] divide in middle, halve”
⚠️ᴱ√LEHE¹ root. “come, be sent, approach”
⚠️ᴱ√LEHE² root. “half” see *LEǶE
⚠️ᴱ√LEHE³ root. “*smooth”
√, ᴹ√LEK root. “loose, unbind, let, permit, [ᴹ√] let loose, release”
⚠️ᴱ√‽LEKE root. “*slow; left”; see instead:
ᴹ√KHYAR “left hand”
√LEK “loose, unbind, let, permit, [ᴹ√] let loose, release”
ᴹ√LEM root. “stay, stick, adhere, remain, tarry”
⚠️√LEMEK root. “[unglossed]”
√, ᴹ√LEN root. “[ᴹ√] way, ⚠️(?road)”
√LEÑ root. “*way, method, manner”
⚠️ᴱ√LEŊE root. see LENE¹
⚠️ᴱ√LENE¹ root. “long”
⚠️ᴱ√‽LENE² root. “*slow; left” see ‽LEKE
⚠️√LENEP root. “five” see LEPEN; see instead:
√LEPEN “five”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√LEP root. “pick up/out (with the fingers); finger”
⚠️ᴹ√LEPEK root. “five” see LEPEN; see instead:
√LEPEN “five”
√†LEPEM root. “five” see LEPEN
√, ᴹ√LEPEN root. “five”
⚠️ᴹ√LEPET root. “finger”; see instead:
✶leper “finger”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^LEPH root. “liver”
⚠️ᴱ√LEQE root. “*joint”
√LER root. “free”
⚠️ᴱ√LESE root. “collect”; see instead:
√KHOT¹ “gather, together in confusion, jumble”
√KOM “gather, collect”
ᴹ√LETH root. see LEK
√LEWEK root. “worm”
⚠️ᴱ√LEẆE root. “*sick”; see instead:
ᴹ√SLIW “sickly”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√LI root. “many”
ᴹ√LIB¹ root. “drip”
ᴹ√LIB² root. see (G)LIB
⚠️ᴱ√LIÐI root. “sing”; see instead:
√LIR “sing, warble, [ᴹ√] trill”
√LIN² “sing, make a musical sound, [ᴱ√] gentle”
ᴹ√LIK root. “*keen, sharp, acute” see LAIK
√LIK root. “glide, slip, slide, drip”
⚠️ᴱ√?LIKINI root. “*curved horn”; see instead:
√ROM “horn noise; [ᴹ√] loud noise”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^LIKWIS root. “clear, transparent”
ᴹ√LILT root. “dance”
√, ᴱ√LIM root. “link, join”
ᴹ√LIÑ root. “*twang (descriptive of plucked strings)”
√, ᴹ√LIN¹ root. “pool, mere, lake”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√LIN² root. “sing, make a musical sound, [ᴱ√] gentle”
√LIND root. “sing” see LIN²
ᴹ√LINGI root. “hang” see (G)LINGI
⚠️ᴱ√*LIŊI root. “snake”; see instead:
√LEWEK “worm”
ᴹ√LINKWI root. “*wet”
√, ᴹ√LIP root. “oil”
⚠️ᴱ√LIPI root. “*drip, drop”; see instead:
ᴹ√LIB¹ “drip”
⚠️ᴱ√LIQI root. “flow, water; clear, transparent”; see instead:
ᴹ√LINKWI “*wet”
^ᴺ√LIKWIS “clear, transparent”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√LIR root. “sing, warble, [ᴹ√] trill”
ᴹ√LIR² root. “*row”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√LIS root. “[ᴱ√] sweetness, [ᴹ√] honey”
√, ᴹ√LISKI root. “?reed”
ᴹ√LIT root. “*(fine) grit”
⚠️ᴱ√LIÞI root. “*flow of time”
ᴹ√LIW root. “*fish”
⚠️ᴱ√LIYA root. “unite many as one”; see instead:
ᴹ√SLIG “*entwine, thread; ⚠️spider”
⚠️ᴱ√ḶK/KAL root. “*glory”; see instead:
✶aklar(a) “radiance, brilliance, glory”
⚠️ᴱ√ḶKḶ root. “*appearance”; see instead:
√ALAK “rushing, [ᴹ√] swift”
⚠️ᴱ√LḶTḶ root. “dance”; see instead:
ᴹ√LILT “dance”
⚠️ᴱ√LṆQṆ root. “catch, come on, light on, find, get”
⚠️ᴱ√*LṆTṆ root. “*fall”; see instead:
√DAT “fall down, fall to ground”
⚠️ᴹ√LOD root. “*pass, path”; see instead:
√LON¹ “*haven, harbour”
⚠️ᴱ√LOÐO root. “*loud noise”; see instead:
√SLON “sound, (general word for) noise”
√LOG root. “wet (and soft), soaked, swampy”
⚠️ᴱ√LOHO root. “*flower”; see instead:
√LOT(H) “flower”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√LOK root. “bend, loop, [ᴱ√] twine, twist, curl; [ᴹ√] great serpent, dragon”
ᴹ√LOKH root. “*curl of hair”
⚠️ᴱ√LOMO root. “*lurk; shadow”; see instead:
√DOM “dark, [ᴹ√] faint, dim”
√LUB¹ “shadow, darkness”
√, ᴹ√LON¹ root. “*haven, harbour”
⚠️√LON² root. “(general word for) noise” see SLON; see instead:
√SLON “sound, (general word for) noise”
ᴹ√, ᴱ√LOP root. “[ᴱ√] *run (of animals), gallop, lope; ⚠️[ᴹ√] horse”
⚠️ᴱ√LOQO root. “*run (of humans)”; see instead:
√NOR “run (or leap) of animals or men; [ᴹ√] run as of wheels, roll along, [ᴱ√] go smoothly, ride, spin”
√LOR root. “*dream, vision” see (O)LOR
⚠️ᴱ√LOŘO root. see LOÐO
√LOS root. see (G)LOS
√, ᴹ√LOT(H) root. “flower”
⚠️ᴱ√?LOTO root.
⚠️ᴱ√LOURI root. “*gold”; see instead:
√(G)LAWAR “golden light”
⚠️√LOW root. “flow freely (fully)”; see instead:
√LOG “wet (and soft), soaked, swampy”
√, ᴹ√LOY root. “go wrong, fail, [ᴹ√] miss, fail to go; ⚠️lack, be without”
⚠️ᴱ√LOYO root. “*thirst, parched”; see instead:
√LOY “go wrong, fail, [ᴹ√] miss, fail to go; ⚠️lack, be without”
⚠️ᴱ√ḶQḶ root. “rend”; see instead:
ᴹ√NARAK “tear, rend (tr. and intr.)”
⚠️ᴱ√ḶTḶ root. “thrust in”; see instead:
√NID “will; force, press(ure), thrust; [ᴹ√] lean against”
ᴺ√TER “pierce”
ᴹ√LU root. “*time”
ᴹ√LUB¹ root. “weary”
√, ᴹ√LUB¹ root. “shadow, darkness”
⚠️√LUB² root. “bend”; see instead:
√(N)DUB “bending, ⚠️drooping”
√, ᴹ√[ᴹ√]*LUB³ root. “lump”
⚠️ᴱ√LUBU root. “*dark (weather)” see LUVU
ᴹ√LUG¹ root. “be heavy”
⚠️ᴹ√LUG² root. “*blue”; see instead:
√LUY “blue”
⚠️ᴱ√LUHU root. “*time”; see instead:
ᴹ√LU “*time”
√LUK root. “haul, drag, *pull; [ᴹ√] magic, enchantment”
ᴹ√LUK root. “magic, enchantment”
⚠️ᴱ√LUKU root. “*slime, mud”; see instead:
√LOG “wet (and soft), soaked, swampy”
√LUK “haul, drag, *pull; [ᴹ√] magic, enchantment”
ᴹ√LUK “magic, enchantment”
√LUM root. “shadow, darkness” see LUB¹
⚠️ᴱ√*LUŊU root.; see instead:
ᴹ√LUG¹ “be heavy”
ᴺ√[√]^LUP root. “hump, lump, fat”
⚠️ᴹ√LUR root. “be quiet, still, calm”; see instead:
√LON¹ “*haven, harbour”
⚠️ᴱ√LURU root. “*frown”
ᴹ√LUS root. “*empty”
⚠️ᴱ√LUSU root. “foment, cherish, warm, bathe”; see instead:
√LAW “flourish (green), grow, [ᴹ√] abound; warm”
^ᴺ√SOW “wash, *bath”
ᴹ√LUS “*empty”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√LUT root. “float, [ᴹ√] swim”
⚠️ᴱ√LUVU root. “*dark (weather)”; see instead:
√LUB¹ “shadow, darkness”
√LUY root. “blue”
√, ᴱ√MA root. “interrogative base; [ᴱ√] root of indef[inite]”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^MAB root. “something nice”
⚠️√MAB root. “lump, mass”; see instead:
√MBON “*lump, mass”
⚠️ᴱ√MAɃA root. “something nice”; see instead:
^ᴺ√MAB “something nice”
ᴹ√MAD root. “*pale (yellow)”
√, ᴹ√MAG root. “good (physically); to thrive, be in a good state; ⚠️[ᴹ√] use, handle”
√, ᴱ√MAH root. “handle, manage, control, wield; ⚠️serve, be of use; [ᴹ√] hand; [ᴱ√] grasp”
⚠️√, ᴹ√MAƷ root. “handle, manage, control, wield; serve, be of use; [ᴹ√] hand” see MAH; see instead:
√MAH “handle, manage, control, wield; ⚠️serve, be of use; [ᴹ√] hand; [ᴱ√] grasp”
⚠️ᴹ√MAIGA root. “[unglossed]”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√MAK root. “strike; cut, hew with a sharp edge, [ᴹ√] cleave; sword, fight (with a sword); [√] forge metal; ⚠️kill, slay”
⚠️ᴱ√MAKA² root. “*net, mesh”; see instead:
√REM “entangle, snare, trap (as hunters or fishers) with lines or nets”
√MAK “strike; cut, hew with a sharp edge, [ᴹ√] cleave; sword, fight (with a sword); [√] forge metal; ⚠️kill, slay”
√, ᴱ√MAL root. “yellow, gold”
⚠️ᴱ√MALA¹ root. “crush, squeeze, pulp”; see instead:
ᴹ√MBAL “[ᴱ√] crush, *pound; ⚠️hurt, pain, damage, give maim to”
√THAG “oppress, crush, press”
√MALAT root. “gold”
⚠️ᴱ√MAMA root. “something nice” see MAɃA
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√MAN root. “good (morally), blessed, holy, unmarred, free from evil; [ᴹ√] holy spirit”
ᴹ√MANAD root. “doom, final end, fate, fortune”
⚠️ᴱ√MANGA root. “lacking”; see instead:
√PEN “lack, be without, have not”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^MANGYA root. “butter”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√MAP root. “take away, take hold of, grasp, [ᴹ√] lay hold of with hand, seize”
⚠️ᴱ√MARA¹ root. “ripe, yellow”
⚠️ᴱ√MARA² root. “*sand, soil”
⚠️ᴹ√, ᴱ√MAS root. “knead; [ᴱ√] cook, bake” see M(B)AS; see instead:
√MBAS “bake, [ᴱ√] cook; ⚠️[ᴹ√] knead”
√, ᴹ√MASAG root. “*sticky, [ᴹ√] knead, make soft by rubbing, kneading”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√MAT root. “eat”
⚠️ᴱ√MAÞA root. “dusk”
⚠️ᴱ√MAWA root. “‽cry, bleat”; see instead:
ᴹ√MIW¹ “whine”
√MAY root. “excellent, admirable, beautiful; make [art]; ⚠️suitable, useful, proper, serviceable; right”
⚠️ᴱ√MAẎA root. “*excessive”; see instead:
√MAY “excellent, admirable, beautiful; make [art]; ⚠️suitable, useful, proper, serviceable; right”
ᴹ√(M)BAD root. “duress, prison, doom, hell; *judge”
ᴹ√MBAKH root. “exchange”
ᴹ√, ᴱ√MBAL root. “[ᴱ√] crush, *pound; ⚠️hurt, pain, damage, give maim to”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√MBAR root. “settle; establish, fix, decide, determine, make a decision; dwell, [ᴹ√] inhabit, [ᴱ√] live”
√, ᴹ√M(B)ARAT root. “doom, fate”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√MBAS root. “bake, [ᴱ√] cook; ⚠️[ᴹ√] knead”
⚠️ᴹ√MBAT(H) root. “screen, shield”; see instead:
✶thandā “shield”
ᴹ√TURUM “*shield”
⚠️ᴱ√MBAÞA root. “*dusk”; see instead:
ᴹ√MBOTH “*pool”
ᴹ√MBAW root. “compel, force, subject, oppress”
√MBEL root. “*strong” see BEL
√MBELEK root. “mighty, powerful, strong; power as force or strength; ⚠️great, large”
⚠️ᴱ√(M)BELEKE root. “*flame”; see instead:
√MBELEK “mighty, powerful, strong; power as force or strength; ⚠️great, large”
ᴹ√M(B)ER root. “*feast, festive”
ᴹ√MBIRIL root. “*crystal”
⚠️ᴱ√M(B)ṆÐṆ root. “bind”; see instead:
ᴹ√(M)BAD “duress, prison, doom, hell; *judge”
⚠️√, ᴹ√(M)BOL root. “*labour” see MŌ; see instead:
√MŌ “labour, be afflicted”
√MBON root. “*lump, mass”
ᴹ√MBOTH root. “*pool”
⚠️ᴱ√M(B)ṚTṚ root. “chance”; see instead:
√M(B)ARAT “doom, fate”
ᴹ√(M)BUD root. “jut out, project”
⚠️ᴱ√MEHE root. “ooze‽”; see instead:
^ᴺ√MEKH “*gore”
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]MEK root. “*aim”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^MEKH root. “*gore”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√MEL root. “love, [ᴹ√] love (as friend)”
⚠️√MELEK root. “great, mighty, powerful, strong” see MBELEK; see instead:
√MBELEK “mighty, powerful, strong; power as force or strength; ⚠️great, large”
⚠️ᴱ√‽MEME root. “*tip”; see instead:
√TIL “point, horn”
ᴹ√NEÑ “*nose”
√, ᴹ√MEN root. “go, move, proceed (in any direction); make for, go towards; have as object, (in)tend; direction, object, point moved toward; region”
√, ᴹ√MENEL root. “heavens, firmament, [ᴹ√] sky”
ᴹ√MER root. “wish (for), want, desire”
⚠️ᴹ√MEREK root.; see instead:
ᴹ√BEREK “*sudden, fierce”
√, ᴹ√MET root. “end, finality”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√MI/IMI root. “in, within, [ᴹ√] inside”
⚠️ᴱ√MĪ¹ root. “*one”; see instead:
√MIN “one, first of a series; [ᴹ√] stand alone, stick out”
√MIK root. “pierce”
⚠️ᴱ√[ᴱ√]*MIKI root. “*little”; see instead:
√NIK “small”
√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]*MIKW root. “kiss”
ᴹ√MIL root. “*soft, gentle, weak”
⚠️ᴱ√MILI root. “*seed”; see instead:
√RED “scatter, sow”
ᴹ√MIL “*soft, gentle, weak”
ᴺ√[ᴱ✶]^MILIG root. “*oil”
√, ᴹ√MILIK root. “*greed, lust”
⚠️ᴱ√MIMI root. “*flesh”; see instead:
√SRAW “body, flesh”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√MIN root. “one, first of a series; [ᴹ√] stand alone, stick out”
⚠️ᴱ√MINI¹ root. “*small, less”; see instead:
√NIK “small”
ᴹ√PIK “*tiny”
√, ᴹ√MIR root. “precious; esteem, value”
⚠️ᴱ√MIRI root. “smile”; see instead:
√RAY² “smile”
√MIR “precious; esteem, value”
ᴹ√MIS¹ root. “go free, stray, wander”
ᴹ√MIS² root. “*wet”
⚠️ᴱ√MISI root. “mingere, *to urinate”; see instead:
ᴹ√MIS² “*wet”
ᴹ√MISIK root. “*wet”
⚠️ᴹ√MIT root. “small”; see instead:
√NIK “small”
√, ᴹ√MITH root. “grey”
ᴹ√MIW¹ root. “whine”
ᴹ√MIW² root. “*small, tiny, frail”
√, ᴹ√MIZDI root. “*fine rain, dew”
⚠️ᴱ√MḶÐḶ root. “crush, pound”; see instead:
ᴹ√MBAL “[ᴱ√] crush, *pound; ⚠️hurt, pain, damage, give maim to”
⚠️ᴱ√MḶKḶ root. “possess”; see instead:
√MILIK “*greed, lust”
⚠️ᴱ√MLŘL root. “crush, pound” see MḶÐḶ
⚠️ᴱ√MṆGṆ root. “*butter”; see instead:
^ᴺ√MANGYA “butter”
⚠️ᴱ√MṆTYṆ root. “*memory”
√, ᴹ√MŌ root. “labour, be afflicted”
⚠️ᴱ√MOKO root. “hate”; see instead:
^ᴺ√TEB “hate, dislike”
ᴹ√MBAW “compel, force, subject, oppress”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√MOR root. “black, dark, darkness”
ᴹ√MOROK root. “*bear”
√MOT root. “fen, marsh”
ᴹ√, ᴱ√MOY root. “*dear; [ᴱ√] *soft, gentle”
⚠️ᴱ√MṚÐṚ root. “grind”; see instead:
*√MUL “grind (fine)”
⚠️ᴱ√‽MṚKṚ root. “*juice”; see instead:
ᴹ√PIS “*juice”
⚠️ᴱ√MṚŘṚ root. “grind” see MṚÐṚ
⚠️ᴱ√MṚTYṚ root. “smile” see MIRI
⚠️ᴹ√MŪ root. see GŪ
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]MUK root. “cacare [Latin], *defecate”
⚠️ᴱ√?MUKU² root. “*silent”; see instead:
S. dîn “silence; silent, quiet”
√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]*MUL root. “grind (fine)”
ᴹ√MUN root. “‽groan, moan”
⚠️ᴱ√MURU root. “slumber”; see instead:
√(O)LOR “[ᴹ√] sleep, [ᴱ√] doze, slumber; ⚠️[√] dream, vision”
ᴹ√MUY root. “*secret”
ᴹ√N- root. “intensive”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√NĀ root. “be (the same as another), exist”
√, ᴹ√NA/ANA root. “to, towards; at side of, alongside, besides; moreover, in addition, plus”
√, ᴹ√NAD root. “hollow (of structures or natural features more or less concave with rising sides)”
⚠️ᴱ√NAÐA root. “*plain”; see instead:
√NAD “hollow (of structures or natural features more or less concave with rising sides)”
⚠️ᴱ√ŊAHYA root. “hurt, grieve”; see instead:
√NAY¹ “cause bitter grief or pain, [ᴹ√] lament”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√NAK root. “bite”
ᴹ√NAKAT root. “eighteen”
√NAKH root. “narrow, thin”
√[ᴱ√]*NAL root. “call, cry”
√ÑAL root. see Ñ(G)AL
⚠️ᴱ√NALA root. see *N(D)ALA
√*NAM root. “judge”
ᴹ√NAN root. “*mother”
√, ᴱ√NAP root. “take (hold), pick up, grasp, seize quickly (with fingers)”
⚠️ᴱ√NAQA root. “steal, take; get by stealth, unlawfully”; see instead:
ᴺ√PIL “rob”
⚠️√ÑAR root. “by, beside, near”; see instead:
√AS² “beside”
√, ᴹ√NAR root. “fire, [ᴹ√] flame”
ᴹ√NAR² root. “tell, relate” see NYAR
⚠️ᴱ√NAŘA root. see NAÐA
⚠️ᴱ√ŊARA root. “(properly) bite at”; see instead:
√NAK “bite”
⚠️ᴱ√NARA root. see ŊARA
ᴹ√NARAK root. “tear, rend (tr. and intr.)”
ᴹ√NARTA root. “kindle”
ᴹ√NAS root. “point, sharp end”
⚠️ᴱ√NASA root. “taste nasty”; see instead:
√UG “dislike”
√UK “nasty”
√NASAG root. “*bond, fetter”
ᴹ√NAT root. “lace, weave, tie”
√NATH root. “welcome, be kind to”
⚠️ᴱ√NAVA root. “suspect, guess, have an inkling of”
⚠️ᴱ√?NAWA root. “dwarf”; see instead:
√NUK “dwarf, stunted”
⚠️ᴹ√NAWAK root. “*dwarf”; see instead:
√NUK “dwarf, stunted”
√, ᴹ√NAY¹ root. “cause bitter grief or pain, [ᴹ√] lament”
⚠️√NAY² root. “have opportunity, chance or permission; be allowed by circumstance [or] way of the world”; see instead:
√NAY¹ “cause bitter grief or pain, [ᴹ√] lament”
⚠️ᴱ√NAẎA root. see ŊAHYA
ᴹ√NAYAK root. “pain”
⚠️√NDA root. “long; far” see ANAD; see instead:
√ANAD “long; far”
√NDAB¹ root. “endeavor, try, seek opportunity”
⚠️√NDAB² root. “to judge”; see instead:
*√NAM “judge”
⚠️ᴹ√NDAG root. “*slay” see (N)DAK; see instead:
√NDAK “slay; hew”
√, ᴹ√, ᴹ√NDAK root. “slay; hew”
⚠️ᴱ√*N(D)ALA root. “ring, play”; see instead:
√LIR “sing, warble, [ᴹ√] trill”
√ÑYEL “ring(ing), [ᴹ√] sing, give out a sweet sound”
ᴹ√(N)DAM root. “hammer, beat”
√, ᴹ√(N)DAN root. “back (again), [ᴹ√] backwards; [√] retreat, go back, give way (as one advances), revert, [ᴹ√] return”
⚠️ᴹ√NDAR root. “sign”; see instead:
√TAN² “indicate, show”
√NDAY root. “dreadful, abominable, detestable”
√NDEB root. see NDAB¹
ᴺ√[√]!NDEL root. “thick, dense”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√N(D)ER root. “male (person), man”
ᴹ√(N)DEW root. “follow, come behind”
⚠️ᴹ√(N)DI root. “in”; see instead:
✶ndī “beneath, not touching, under”
√, ᴹ√N(D)IL root. “to love (as a friend or equal), be devoted to; [ᴹ√] love, devotion; friend”
√(N)DIP root. “drooping, ⚠️bending”
ᴹ√NDIS root. “*bride”
⚠️ᴱ√?NDOÐO root. “*oak”; see instead:
ᴹ√DORON “oak”
ᴹ√NDOL root. “*head”
⚠️ᴱ√NDOLO root. “delve”; see instead:
ᴹ√NDOL “*head”
√, ᴹ√NDOR root. “land; hard, firm; [ᴹ√] dwell, stay, rest, abide”
√, ᴹ√NDU root. “down, under, below; sink, descend, go down, [ᴹ√] set (of Sun)”
√(N)DUB root. “bending, ⚠️drooping”
⚠️ᴹ√(N)DUB root. “lay base, foundation, root; found”; see instead:
ᴹ√STUD “base, ground”
ᴹ√(N)DUL root. “hide, conceal”
√(N)DUP root. see (N)DUB
√, ᴹ√(N)DUR root. “to show special interest in things; [ᴹ√] bow down, bend (low), obey, serve; ⚠️grow/be dark”
⚠️ᴱ√ṆÐṆ root. “stretch, extend”; see instead:
√ANAD “long; far”
ᴺ√, ᴹ√[ᴹ√]NE root. “*in”
√NE root. “scent”
√NEB root. “turn towards (speaker), *front”
ᴹ√NED root. see (E)NED
⚠️ᴱ√NEÐE root.; see instead:
√NEN “water, ⚠️[ᴱ√] flow”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√NEG root. “ooze, drip; *honey”
⚠️ᴱ√NEHE root. “*honey”; see instead:
√NEG “ooze, drip; *honey”
√NEK¹ root. “narrow; *angular, sharp”
√NEK² root. “divide, separate, part; deprive”
⚠️ᴹ√ÑEL root. “friendship”; see instead:
√N(D)IL “to love (as a friend or equal), be devoted to; [ᴹ√] love, devotion; friend”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√NEL root. “three; [ᴱ√] point, *(tri)angle”
√, ᴹ√NELED root. “3”
√, ᴹ√NELEK root. “tooth”
√NEM root. “seem, appear”
⚠️ᴱ√NEME root. “*sew”; see instead:
ᴺ√THER “sew; ⚠️[ᴱ√] twine, tie, bind”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√NEN root. “water, ⚠️[ᴱ√] flow”
ᴹ√NEÑ root. “*nose”
ᴹ√NER root. see (N)DER
√NER root. see N(D)ER
⚠️ᴱ√NEŘE root. see NEÐE
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]NES root. “give to feed; feed, pasture; graze”
⚠️√NES root. “feminity (apart from sex)” see NETH; see instead:
√NETH “(young) woman, female person; sister; fresh, lively, merry; [ᴹ√] young”
√NET root. “trim, pretty, dainty”
⚠️ᴱ√ŊETE root. “catch, get”; see instead:
^ᴺ√Ñ(G)ET “catch, get”
⚠️ᴱ√NETE root. see ŊETE
√, ᴹ√NETER root. “nine”
√, ᴹ√NETH root. “(young) woman, female person; sister; fresh, lively, merry; [ᴹ√] young”
ᴹ√NEY root. “tear”
√Ñ(G)AL root. “gleam, sheen, shine (by reflection)”
ᴹ√ÑGAN(AD) root. “play (on stringed instrument)”
ᴹ√ÑGARAM root. “*wolf”
√, ᴹ√ÑGAW root. “howl; ⚠️falsify, deform, disguise”
⚠️√(Ñ)GAY root. “gape, become wide, open, vast”; see instead:
√YAN¹ “wide, extensive, large, vast, huge; extend”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^Ñ(G)ET root. “catch, get”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√(Ñ)GIL root. “shine (white); silver glint; white or silver light”
√, ᴹ√ÑGOL¹ root. “knowledge, wisdom, lore; [ᴹ√] wise, be wise”
√ÑGOL² root. “dark-hued, dark-brown”
√, ᴹ√ÑGOLOD root. “[ᴹ√] one of the wise folk, Gnome”
√ÑGOR root. “dread, terror, fear, horror”
ᴹ√ÑGOROTH root. “horror”
⚠️ᴹ√ÑGOW root. “*thigh”; see instead:
ᴹ✶tiukō “thigh”
⚠️√ÑGUL root. “dark with sinister associations”; see instead:
√ÑGOL¹ “knowledge, wisdom, lore; [ᴹ√] wise, be wise”
√NGUR root. “horror” see ÑGOR
√, ᴹ√ÑGUR root. “death; to die”
√, ᴹ√(Ñ)GWAL root. “(suffer) torment, agony”
√NGWAW root. “howl” see ÑGAW
ᴹ√ÑGYAL(AM) root. “talk loud or incoherently”
ᴹ√ÑGYO(N) root. “grandchild, descendant”
√, ᴹ√NĪ/INI root. “[ᴹ√] female”
⚠️ᴹ√NIB root. “face, front”; see instead:
√NEB “turn towards (speaker), *front”
√, ᴹ√NID root. “will; force, press(ure), thrust; [ᴹ√] lean against”
⚠️ᴹ√NID² root. “hurt, injure”; see instead:
√NID “will; force, press(ure), thrust; [ᴹ√] lean against”
√NIƷ root.
√NIK root. “small”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√NIK(W) root. “snow, ice; *white”
√*NIM root. “seem, appear” see NEM
ᴹ√NINDI root. “fragile, thin”
⚠️ᴱ√‽NINI root. “*blue”; see instead:
√LUY “blue”
√NIP root. “small (usually with connotation of weakness)”
⚠️√NIR root. “will, intention, conscious resolve to move or do”; see instead:
√NID “will; force, press(ure), thrust; [ᴹ√] lean against”
√, ᴹ√NIS root. “woman”
√[ᴱ√]*NITH root. “smell sweet”
ᴹ√ÑIW root. “wink, hint”
⚠️ᴱ√NḶĐḶ root. “*dell”; see instead:
√NAD “hollow (of structures or natural features more or less concave with rising sides)”
⚠️ᴱ√NṆGṆ root. “have a cold”; see instead:
ᴹ√NEÑ “*nose”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√NŌ/ONO root. “beget, give birth to; be born; ⚠️[ᴱ√] become”
⚠️ᴱ√NOHO root. “extended”; see instead:
ᴹ√NDOL “*head”
√NOK root. “non-resonant sounds” see TOK
ᴹ√ÑOL root. “smell (intr.)”
⚠️ᴱ√ŊOLO root. “to know”; see instead:
√ÑGOL¹ “knowledge, wisdom, lore; [ᴹ√] wise, be wise”
⚠️ᴱ√NOLO root. “dare”; see instead:
ᴹ√BER “valiant”
ᴹ√*NOM root. “place”
⚠️ᴹ√ÑO(N) root.; see instead:
√ÑGAW “howl; ⚠️falsify, deform, disguise”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√NOR root. “run (or leap) of animals or men; [ᴹ√] run as of wheels, roll along, [ᴱ√] go smoothly, ride, spin”
⚠️ᴱ√‽NOŘO root. see ?NDOÐO
ᴹ√NOROTH root. “*giant”
⚠️ᴱ√NOSO root. “*damp, wet”; see instead:
ᴹ√MIS² “*wet”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√NOT root. “count, reckon”
⚠️ᴱ√NOTO² root. “*damp, wet” see NOSO
ᴹ√NOW root. “think, form idea, imagine”
⚠️ᴱ√NO(WO) root. “ahead, in front; after of time, tomorrow”; see instead:
✶nō “behind”
⚠️ᴱ√ṆQṆ¹ root. “*ear”; see instead:
√SLAS “ear”
⚠️ᴱ√ṆQṆ² root.; see instead:
√SLAS “ear”
⚠️ᴱ√NŘN root. “stretch, extend” see ṆÐṆ
⚠️ᴱ√NṚQṚ root. “to wither, fade, shrivel”; see instead:
^ᴺ√KHES “wither”
⚠️ᴱ√NṚŘṚ root. see NṚÞṚ
⚠️ᴱ√NṚÞṚ root. “smell sweet”; see instead:
*√NITH “smell sweet”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√, √NŪ/UNU root. “down, under; go down, sink”
⚠️ᴱ√NUFU root. “*smell”; see instead:
ᴹ√NUS “sense, wisdom; *sense of smell”
⚠️ᴱ√NUHU root. “bow, bend down; stoop, sink”
√NUK root. “dwarf, stunted”
⚠️ᴱ√NULU root. “‽”; see instead:
^ᴺ√KANU “*lead (metal)”
√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]*NUR root. “*growl, grumble, mumble”
ᴹ√NUR root. “deep”
ᴹ√, ᴱ√NUS root. “sense, wisdom; *sense of smell”
ᴹ√NUT root. “tie, bind”
⚠️ᴱ√ŊWAÐA root. “tarry, linger”; see instead:
√MBAR “settle; establish, fix, decide, determine, make a decision; dwell, [ᴹ√] inhabit, [ᴱ√] live”
⚠️ᴱ√ŊWAKA root. “*net, mesh” see MAKA²
⚠️ᴱ√ŊWEĐE root. “*bloom, flower”
ᴹ√NYAD root. “gnaw”
⚠️ᴱ√NYAÐA root. “relate, tell”; see instead:
ᴹ√NYAR “tell, relate”
ᴹ√, ᴱ√NYAR root. “tell, relate”
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]NYAT root. “chatter, gossip”
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]NYATH root. “*scratch”
⚠️ᴱ√NYEHE root. “weep”; see instead:
ᴹ√NEY “tear”
√, ᴹ√ÑYEL root. “ring(ing), [ᴹ√] sing, give out a sweet sound”
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]NYELEK root. “*hard substance”
⚠️ᴱ√NYE(NE) root. “bleat”; see instead:
ᴹ√NEY “tear”
√, ᴹ√ÑYOL root. “ring(ing)” see ÑYEL
⚠️ᴱ√Ō root. “be, exist”; see instead:
√EÑ “be, exist”
ᴹ√OD root. “?round, about” see OS
⚠️ᴱ√OÐO root. “*dawn”; see instead:
√RŌ/ORO “up(wards); rise (up), go high, mount; [ᴹ√] high, [ᴱ√] steepness, rising”
⚠️ᴱ√OHO² root. “cry”; see instead:
√KHOL² “crow, cry aloud”
√OM “of resonant sounds”
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]OKH root. “*egg”
√OKO root. “evil, wicked, bad”
√, ᴹ√OL root. “[ᴹ√] grow [into]; *become”
⚠️ᴱ√OLO¹ root. “tip”; see instead:
√TIL “point, horn”
⚠️ᴱ√OLO² root. “*increase, more”; see instead:
√OL “[ᴹ√] grow [into]; *become”
ᴹ✶lai- “*many”
⚠️ᴱ√OLO³ root. “*dream”; see instead:
√OLOS “dream, vision, fantasy; ⚠️[ᴹ√] sleep”
√OLOB root. “branch”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√(O)LOR root. “[ᴹ√] sleep, [ᴱ√] doze, slumber; ⚠️[√] dream, vision”
√, ᴹ√, ᴹ√OLOS root. “dream, vision, fantasy; ⚠️[ᴹ√] sleep”
√, ᴹ√OM root. “of resonant sounds”
⚠️ᴱ√OMO root. “all, every”; see instead:
√IL “all”
⚠️ᴱ√ONO root. see *ƷONO
√, ᴹ√ONO root. see NŌ/ONO
⚠️ᴱ√OŊO root. “*pain”; see instead:
ᴹ√NAYAK “pain”
⚠️ᴱ√’O’O root. “*sea”; see instead:
√GAY(AR) “awe, dread; astound, make aghast; sea”
√OP root. “(opening of) mouth”
√OPO root. “before of place, ahead, in front”
⚠️ᴱ√‽OQO root. “curve, bend”; see instead:
!ᴺ✶okkā “knee”
⚠️ᴱ√OŘO root. “*dawn” see OÐO
√, ᴹ√ORO root. “up(wards); rise (up), go high, mount” see RŌ/ORO
⚠️ᴱ√ORO² root. “*sow”; see instead:
√RED “scatter, sow”
⚠️√, ᴹ√OROK root. “anything that caused fear or horror”; see instead:
√RUK “terrible shapes and the fear they inspire, [ᴹ√] demon”
ᴹ√ORON root. “high tree”
ᴹ√OROT root. “height, mountain”
⚠️√OS root. “making a hissing foaming noise”; see instead:
Val. Oš(o)šai “spuming, foaming”
ᴹ√OS “round, about”
ᴹ√, ᴱ√OS root. “round, about”
⚠️ᴱ√OSO¹ root. “‽”; see instead:
√LIM “link, join”
ᴹ√OTH root. “fort”
⚠️ᴱ√OTO root. “knock”; see instead:
ᴹ√TON “tap, knock”
⚠️√OTO root. see TŌ/OTO
√, ᴹ√OTOS/OTOK root. “seven”
⚠️√, ᴹ✶OWO root. “masculine”; see instead:
√N(D)ER “male (person), man”
√, ᴹ√OY root. “ever, continual, unceasing”
ᴹ√OY² root. “live, pass one’s days”
⚠️ᴱ√OYO root. “*poor”; see instead:
√PEN “lack, be without, have not”
√OY “ever, continual, unceasing”
⚠️ᴱ√OẎO root. “salve, rub, oil”; see instead:
ᴹ√(G)LIB “*ointment”
√OY “ever, continual, unceasing”
√PĀ/APA root. “touch; after, behind of place”
ᴹ√PAD root. “*enclosure”
⚠️ᴱ√*PAÐA root. “*peel” see PARA; see instead:
√PAR² “peel, *bare”
√PAK root. “close, shut”
⚠️ᴱ√PAKA root. “*pavement”; see instead:
√PAK “close, shut”
√, ᴱ√PAKAT root. “*talk, speech”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√PAL root. “wide, broad, extended; [ᴹ√] wide (open); [ᴱ√] flatness”
⚠️ᴹ√PAL² root. “beat”; see instead:
ᴹ√PALAP “*beat”
√PAL “wide, broad, extended; [ᴹ√] wide (open); [ᴱ√] flatness”
ᴹ√PALAP root. “*beat”
⚠️ᴱ√PALAS root. “*foam, splash”; see instead:
ᴹ√SPAL(AS) “*foam”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√PAN root. “arrange, set in order; [ᴹ√] place, set, fix in place (especially of wood)”
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]PAP root. “*tremble”
√, ᴹ√PAR¹ root. “learn; arrange, [ᴹ√] compose, put together”
√, ᴱ√PAR² root. “peel, *bare”
ᴹ√PARAK root. “*dry”
⚠️ᴹ√PAS root. “*juice”; see instead:
ᴹ√SAB “juice”
√PAS root. “smooth (to feel), silky” see PATH
ᴹ√, ᴱ√PAT root. “[ᴱ√] open, wide, spreading”
√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]*PAT root. “*step, walk”
√PATA root. “after, behind of place” see PĀ/APA
√, ᴹ√PATH root. “smooth (to feel), silky”
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]PAY root. “punish, take vengeance on, requite; ⚠️conquer, subdue”
⚠️ᴱ√PE root. “at, by”
⚠️ᴱ√PĒ root. see *BĒ
√PED root. “slope, slant down”
⚠️ᴹ√PEG root. “(?outer) mouth”; see instead:
√PEÑ “*lip, mouth”
⚠️ᴱ√PEKE root. “*plume”
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]PEK(W) root. “comb”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√PEL root. “fence, border, edge; bound, limit; go round, encircle; ⚠️[ᴹ√] revolve on fixed point”
⚠️ᴱ√PELE² root. “*revolve”; see instead:
ᴹ√TELEK “stalk, stem, leg”
√KWER “revolve, [ᴱ√] turn”
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]PELEK root. “axe”
√PEN root. “lack, be without, have not”
√PEÑ root. “*lip, mouth”
⚠️ᴱ√PENE root. “*through”; see instead:
ᴹ√TER “pierce”
⚠️ᴹ√PEN(ED) root. “*hillside, slope”; see instead:
√PED “slope, slant down”
√, ᴹ√PER root. “half; [ᴹ√] divide in middle, halve”
⚠️ᴱ√PERE root. “*endure”; see instead:
√PER “half; [ᴹ√] divide in middle, halve”
ᴹ√BOR(ON) “endure”
ᴹ√PERES root. “affect, disturb, alter”
⚠️ᴱ√PETE root. “*knock, hammer”; see instead:
√TAM “construct; [ᴹ√] knock, [ᴱ√] beat; smelt, forge”
ᴹ√(N)DAM “hammer, beat”
⚠️√PEY root. “*little”; see instead:
√NIK “small”
ᴹ√PIK “*tiny”
√PHA root. “exhalations (as mists upon water or steams and the like)”
⚠️√PHĀ/APHA root. “before of time”; see instead:
✶nō “behind”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√PHAL root. “foam, splash”
ᴹ√PHALAS root. see PHAL
√, ᴹ√PHAN root. “cover, screen, veil; white, (light white) shape; shape, vision”
ᴹ√PHAR root. “reach, go all the way, suffice”
√PHAR(AN) root. “*rowan”
⚠️ᴹ√PHARAN root.; see instead:
ᴹ√PHAS “*tangle, shag, fringe”
ᴹ√PHAS root. “*tangle, shag, fringe”
√, ᴹ√PHAW root. “breath, puff of breath; blow, emit (foul breath); [ᴹ√] gape”
√, ᴹ√PHAY root. “spirit; [ᴹ√] radiate, send out rays of light”
⚠️ᴹ√PHEG root. “inner part, pith, core; of person, (?inner spirit)”; see instead:
√PHAY “spirit; [ᴹ√] radiate, send out rays of light”
√PHEL root. “*emotion”
√, ᴹ√*PHELEG root. “*excavation; ⚠️[ᴹ√] cave”
⚠️√PHELEK root. “*cave” see *PHELEG; see instead:
*√PHELEG “*excavation; ⚠️[ᴹ√] cave”
⚠️ᴹ√PHELEK root. “(animal’s) horn; steep mountain peak”; see instead:
√RAS “horn; [ᴹ√] stick up”
⚠️√PHELES root. “*cave” see *PHELEG; see instead:
*√PHELEG “*excavation; ⚠️[ᴹ√] cave”
√, ᴹ√PHEN root. “door”
√PHER root. “*ready, prompt”
ᴹ√PHER(EN) root. “beech”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^PHES root. “itch”
ᴹ√PHEW root. “feel disgust at, abhor”
ᴹ√PHI root. “?hawk”
⚠️√PHĪ root. “skill, dexterity” see PHIN¹; see instead:
√PHIN¹ “clever, skillful; neat, fine, delicate; skill, dexterity, [ᴹ√] nimbleness”
⚠️√PHILIG root. “*cave” see *PHELEG; see instead:
*√PHELEG “*excavation; ⚠️[ᴹ√] cave”
√, ᴹ√PHILIK root. “finch, [ᴹ√] small bird”
√PHIM root. “*slender, slim”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√PHIN¹ root. “clever, skillful; neat, fine, delicate; skill, dexterity, [ᴹ√] nimbleness”
⚠️√PHIN² root. “hair” see SPIN(ID); see instead:
√SPIN(ID) “fine thread, filament; hair”
√, ᴹ√PHIR root. “exhale, expire, breathe out; [ᴹ√] die of natural causes”
√PHŌ/Ū root. “interjection of displeasure/dissent”
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]PHOB root. “*fool”
ᴹ√PHOR root. “right-hand”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]!PHUM root. “moth”
⚠️√PHUT root. “[unglossed]”
√, ᴹ√PHUY root. “*darkness; ⚠️breathe out”
ᴹ√, ᴱ√PIK root. “*tiny”
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]PIL root. “rob”
⚠️ᴱ√PILI² root. “*feather; arrow”; see instead:
ᴹ√PILIN “*arrow”
ᴹ√KWES “*feather”
ᴹ√PILIN root. “*arrow”
√, ᴱ√, ᴱ√[√]*PI(N) root. “little”
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]PIP root. “hang, trail”
⚠️ᴱ√PIQI root. “*bitter”; see instead:
ᴹ√SAG “*bitter, ⚠️poison”
ᴺ√, √, ᴱ√[√]PIR root. “*cylinder; ⚠️[ᴱ√] spin; [√]close eyes, blink, wink”
ᴹ√PIS root. “*juice”
⚠️ᴹ√PITH root. “spit”; see instead:
ᴹ√PIW “spit”
ᴹ√PIW root. “spit”
⚠️ᴱ√PIẆI root. “*fat”; see instead:
ᴹ√TIW “fat, thick”
ᴹ√PIW “spit”
⚠️ᴱ√PḶQḶ root. “*juice”; see instead:
ᴹ√PIS “*juice”
⚠️ᴱ√PḶTYḶ root. “*strike, flat of hand”; see instead:
√PAL “wide, broad, extended; [ᴹ√] wide (open); [ᴱ√] flatness”
⚠️ᴱ√PṆTṆ root. “open, spread out, show”; see instead:
ᴹ√PAT “[ᴱ√] open, wide, spreading”
⚠️ᴱ√PO root. “‽”; see instead:
ᴹ√PHOR “right-hand”
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]POK root. “tuck (-away)”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√POL root. “can, have physical power and ability; large, big (strong); [ᴹ√] physically strong, [ᴱ√] have stength; [√] ⚠️pound up, break up small, reduce to powder”
⚠️ᴱ√POL-I root. “‽”; see instead:
√POL “can, have physical power and ability; large, big (strong); [ᴹ√] physically strong, [ᴱ√] have stength; [√] ⚠️pound up, break up small, reduce to powder”
ᴹ√POR root. “*meal, flour”
√POROK root. “hen”
ᴹ√POT root. “animal’s foot”
⚠️ᴱ√POT-I root. “*back, behind, after”
ᴹ√, ᴱ√POY root. “*clean”
⚠️ᴱ√*PṚTṚ root. “judge”
⚠️ᴱ√PUÐU root. “consume by fire”; see instead:
√RUY “blaze (red)”
⚠️ᴱ√PU(HU) root. “generate”; see instead:
^ᴺ√PUK “sex”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^PUK root. “sex”
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]PUL root. “swell”
⚠️ᴱ√PUMU root. “*bubble”; see instead:
^ᴺ√WEL “*boil, bubble”
⚠️ᴱ√PUPU root. see PUMU
⚠️ᴱ√PUŘU root. “consume by fire” see PUÐU
ᴹ√PUS root. “stop, halt, pause” see PUT
⚠️ᴱ√PUSU root. “puff, blow, puff out, make swell”; see instead:
ᴹ√SWES “noise of blowing or breathing”
√, ᴹ√PUT root. “[ᴹ√] stop, halt, pause”
⚠️ᴱ√‽QAHA root.; see instead:
*√KAWAK “*caw, croak”
⚠️ᴱ√QARA¹ root. see WARA
⚠️ᴱ√‽QARA² root. see QṚÐṚ
⚠️ᴱ√QEL+U root. “*well up”; see instead:
√KEL “flow (down or away), run (of water or rivers), go away, [ᴹ√] run away especially downwards or at end; ⚠️[ᴱ√] ooze, trickle”
⚠️ᴱ√QIÐI root. “*stir, spin”; see instead:
√KWER “revolve, [ᴱ√] turn”
ᴺ√KWIR “stir, spin”
⚠️ᴱ√QILI² root. see QḶÐḶ
⚠️ᴱ√QIMI root. “*woman”; see instead:
√WEN(ED) “maiden, girl, virgin; ⚠️woman”
⚠️ᴱ√QINGI root. “*bow”; see instead:
ᴹ√KWIG “*bow (for shooting); ?shoot”
⚠️ᴱ√QIPI root. “*awaken”; see instead:
√KUY “awake; ⚠️live, [ᴹ√] come to life”
√GWAL “be stirred, excited; emotion, movement of feelings”
⚠️ᴱ√QIRI root. “*murmur” see QISI
⚠️ᴱ√QISI root. “*whisper”; see instead:
ᴹ√SLUS “whisper”
⚠️ᴱ√QITYI root. “*knit”; see instead:
^ᴺ√KWIT “knit”
⚠️ᴱ√QIVI root. “*awake”; see instead:
√KUY “awake; ⚠️live, [ᴹ√] come to life”
⚠️ᴱ√QḶÐḶ root. “*quiet”; see instead:
^ᴺ√KWILID “quiet”
⚠️ᴱ√QḶŘḶ root. see QḶÐḶ
⚠️ᴱ√QḶTḶ root. “*belt, girdle”; see instead:
^ᴺ√KWILIT “belt, girdle”
⚠️ᴱ√QṆTṆ root. “*fill; full”; see instead:
√KWAT “fill; full”
⚠️ᴱ√*QOÐO root. “*choke, suffocate, drown”; see instead:
^ᴺ√KWOD “*choke, suffocate, drown”
⚠️ᴱ√QOŘO root. “*choke, suffocate, drown” see *QOÐO
⚠️ᴱ√QOSO root. “*choke, suffocate, drown” see *QOÐO
⚠️ᴱ√QOTO root.; see instead:
√NOT “count, reckon”
⚠️ᴱ√QṚÐṚ root. “*wicked, evil”; see instead:
√SRUG “*evil, wicked”
√OKO “evil, wicked, bad”
√UK “nasty”
⚠️ᴱ√QṚŘṚ root. see QṚÐṚ
√RĀ/ARA root. “noble, high, royal”
√, ᴹ√RAB root. “astray, wandering, unsettled”
ᴹ√RAB² root. “*wall”
√, ᴹ√RAD root. “[ᴹ√] back, return”
⚠️ᴱ√RAÐA root. “*peel”; see instead:
ᴹ√SKEL “*strip”
√RAD “[ᴹ√] back, return”
⚠️ᴹ√RAG root. “*crooked”; see instead:
√SRAG “awkward, awry; hard, (very) difficult”
⚠️ᴱ√RAHA root. “stretch forward”; see instead:
ᴹ√RAK “stretch out, reach”
√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]*RAK root. “break”
ᴹ√RAK root. “stretch out, reach”
ᴹ√RAM root. “*wing, fly”
⚠️ᴱ√RAMA root. “*shout”; see instead:
√KAN “cry aloud; (Q. only) command; lead, rule; ⚠️[ᴹ√] dare”
√ROM “horn noise; [ᴹ√] loud noise”
ᴹ√RAM “*wing, fly”
ᴹ√RAMBA root. see RAB²
√, ᴹ√RAN root. “wander, stray, meander, go on an uncertain course, go aside from a course (commanded or self-chosen); err”
⚠️√, ᴹ√RAP root. “climb”; see instead:
√RET “climb”
ᴹ√RAP¹ root. “bind”
⚠️ᴱ√RAPA root. “drag, pull”; see instead:
^ᴺ√(D)RAP “toil”
√LUK “haul, drag, *pull; [ᴹ√] magic, enchantment”
√, ᴹ√RAPH root. “seize, grab, [ᴹ√] snatch”
⚠️ᴱ√RAŘA root. see RAÐA
√, ᴹ√RAS root. “horn; [ᴹ√] stick up”
⚠️ᴱ√?RASA root. “toast”
ᴹ√RASAT root. “twelve”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√RAT¹ root. “to find a way”
⚠️√RAT² root. “tower up”; see instead:
√ARAT “good, excellent, noble”
√RATH root. “climb (with hands and feet, as in a tree or up a rocky slope)”
⚠️ᴱ√RAÞA root. “*arch, bridge”; see instead:
Q. yanta “bridge”
S. iant “bridge”
⚠️ᴹ√RAUTA root. “metal”; see instead:
ᴹ√TINKŌ “metal”
⚠️ᴱ√RAVA root. “*hunt”; see instead:
√SPAR “hunt, ⚠️[ᴹ√] pursue”
ᴹ√RAW “*roar”
ᴹ√, ᴱ√RAW root. “*roar”
√RAY¹ root. “net, knit, contrive network or lace; involve in a network, enlace”
√RAY² root. “smile”
ᴹ√RAYAK root. “*crooked, bent, wrong”
⚠️ᴹ√RĒ/ERE root. “bear, produce”
⚠️√REB root. “entangle, snare, trap” see REM; see instead:
√REM “entangle, snare, trap (as hunters or fishers) with lines or nets”
√, ᴹ√RED root. “scatter, sow”
⚠️ᴱ√REÐE root. “kinsman”; see instead:
^ᴺ√RE(N)D “kinsman, *cousin”
ᴹ√REG root. “edge, border, margin”
ᴹ√REK root. see (E)REK
√REK root. “recover, get out/away, save from ruin/peril/loss”
√REM root. “entangle, snare, trap (as hunters or fishers) with lines or nets”
√REN root. “recall, have in mind”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^RE(N)D root. “kinsman, *cousin”
ᴹ√REP root. “bend, hook”
⚠️√RES root. “remain in same place” see RETH; see instead:
√RETH “remain in same place”
⚠️ᴱ√RESE¹ root. “aid, support” see REÞE
⚠️ᴱ√RESE² root. “kinsman” see REÐE
√RET root. “climb”
√RETH root. “remain in same place”
⚠️ᴱ√RETYE root. “*spit”; see instead:
ᴺ√K(E)REK “*spit [noun]”
⚠️ᴱ√REÞE root. “aid, support”; see instead:
√REK “recover, get out/away, save from ruin/peril/loss”
^ᴺ√(G)RETH “aid, support”
ᴹ√RĪ root. “*edge, border” see (S)RI
√, ᴹ√RIG root. “wreathe, twine, wind about; wreath, garland, crown”
√, ᴹ√RIƷ root. “wind about, wreathe” see RIG
√RIK¹ root. “put forth effort, strive, endeavour, try”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√RIK² root. “twist; [ᴹ√] jerk, sudden move, flirt”
√, ᴹ√RIL root. “brilliant (light), brilliance, [ᴹ√] glitter”
⚠️ᴱ√?RILI root. “*circle, ring”; see instead:
√KOR “round; [ᴱ√] be round, roll”
√RIL “brilliant (light), brilliance, [ᴹ√] glitter”
ᴹ√RIM root. “abound; large number”
⚠️ᴱ√RIMI root. “*border”; see instead:
√(G)LAN “rim, edge, border, boundary”
ᴹ√(S)RI “*edge, border”
ᴹ√REG “edge, border, margin”
ᴹ√RIM “abound; large number”
ᴹ√, ᴱ√RIN root. “*circle”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√RINGI root. “cold”
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]RIP root. “*strip, stripe, ⚠️rim”
ᴹ√RIP root. “rush, fly, ⚠️fling, hurl”
⚠️ᴱ√RIQI root. “*twist” see RIKI
√, ᴹ√RIS root. “cut; [ᴹ√] slash, rip; ⚠️cleave”
⚠️√‽RIT root. “to complete a work or design” see SRIT; see instead:
√SRIT “to complete a work or design”
ᴹ√, ᴱ√RIY root. “[ᴱ√] scatter”
⚠️ᴱ√ṚMṚ root. see *ƷṚMṚ
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√, ᴱ√RŌ/ORO root. “up(wards); rise (up), go high, mount; [ᴹ√] high, [ᴱ√] steepness, rising”
⚠️√ROB root. “astray, wandering, unsettled” see RAB; see instead:
√RAB “astray, wandering, unsettled”
ᴹ√ROD root. “roof, cave”
ᴹ√ROK root. “*horse, ⚠️run on foot”
√, ᴹ√, ᴹ√ROM root. “horn noise; [ᴹ√] loud noise”
√*ROÑ root. “*soon”
⚠️√RON¹ root. “arch over, roof in”; see instead:
ᴹ√ROD “roof, cave”
√RON² root. “solid, tangible, firm”
√, ᴹ√ROS root. “spindrift, spray; [ᴹ√] distil, drip”
⚠️ᴹ√ROS² root. “*plain”; see instead:
√LAT¹ “open, unenclosed, free to entry, [ᴹ√] lie open; be extended, stretch, be situated (of an area); ⚠️[√] low, lowlying, at ground level”
√ROS “spindrift, spray; [ᴹ√] distil, drip”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√ROT root. “delve underground, dig, excavate, tunnel, [ᴹ√] bore; [ᴱ√] hollow; ⚠️[√]cave”
ᴹ√ROY¹ root. “chase”
⚠️ᴹ√ROY² root. “ruddy, red”; see instead:
√RUY “blaze (red)”
⚠️ᴱ√ṚTYṚ root. “peck, prick”; see instead:
^ᴺ√IRIT “peck, prick”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^RUB root. “burst asunder”
ᴹ√RUD root. “*piece of wood”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^RUH root. “*still”
√RUƷUS root.
√, ᴹ√RUK root. “terrible shapes and the fear they inspire, [ᴹ√] demon”
⚠️ᴹ√RUK² root. “pluck”; see instead:
√RUK “terrible shapes and the fear they inspire, [ᴹ√] demon”
⚠️ᴱ√RUKU root. “smoke, reek”; see instead:
√USUK “*reek, smoke; ⚠️dusk, evening”
√RUK “terrible shapes and the fear they inspire, [ᴹ√] demon”
⚠️√RUN¹ root. “red, glowing”; see instead:
√RUY “blaze (red)”
√, ᴹ√RUN² root. “rub, grind, smooth, polish; [ᴹ√] flat of hand or sole of foot”
√RUS root. “brownish red”
⚠️ᴹ√RUS root. “flash, glitter of metal”; see instead:
√RUS “brownish red”
√RUTH root. “anger, rage, wrath”
⚠️ᴱ√RU’U root. “‽”; see instead:
^ᴺ√RUH “*still”
⚠️ᴱ√RUVU root. “burst asunder”; see instead:
^ᴺ√RUB “burst asunder”
√RUY root. “blaze (red)”
⚠️ᴱ√?RUYU root. “*fierce”; see instead:
√RUTH “anger, rage, wrath”
√RUY “blaze (red)”
√S- root. “privative”
⚠️ᴹ√S root. “demonstrative stem”; see instead:
✶se “he, she, it, 3rd person singular pronoun”
✶sa “3 sg. neuter [it], the thing, impersonal; this by me, [ᴱ√] demonstrative”
ᴹ√SA root.
ᴹ√SAB root. “juice”
√SAB root. “believe (that statements, reports, traditions, etc. are) true, accept as fact”
√SAD root. “strip, flay, peel off”
ᴹ√SAG root. “*bitter, ⚠️poison”
⚠️ᴱ√SAH(Y)A root. “be hot”; see instead:
√UR “heat, be hot”
⚠️√SAK root. “draw, pull”; see instead:
√THAG “oppress, crush, press”
√LUK “haul, drag, *pull; [ᴹ√] magic, enchantment”
ᴹ√TUK “draw, bring”
ᴹ√SAK root. “?hurt, injury”
⚠️ᴱ√SAKA root. “*search”; see instead:
√KETH “enquire of, question, examine something”
⚠️√, ᴱ√SAL root. “*harp(ing), lyre”; see instead:
ᴹ√ÑGAN(AD) “play (on stringed instrument)”
ᴹ√#SALAK root. “*grass”
ᴹ√SALAP root. “lick up, *sip”
√, ᴹ√SAM¹ root. “have; [ᴹ√] unite, join”
⚠️√SAM² root. “mind, think, reflect, be aware”; see instead:
√SAN “think, use mind; (trans.) ponder, consider in thought”
√SAM¹ “have; [ᴹ√] unite, join”
⚠️ᴱ√SAMA root. “*chamber; arrange”; see instead:
ᴹ√STAB “*wood”
√, ᴱ√SAN root. “think, use mind; (trans.) ponder, consider in thought”
⚠️ᴱ√SAŊA root. “pack tight, press”; see instead:
√THAG “oppress, crush, press”
ᴺ√, √, ᴱ√[√]SAP root. “[ᴱ√] dig, excavate”
√SAR root. “score, incise; [extended sense] write; [ᴹ√] *stone”
ᴹ√SAR root. “*stone”
⚠️ᴱ√SARA¹ root. “*saw” see *ÞARA; see instead:
√THAR¹ “[ᴹ√] across, beyond”
⚠️ᴱ√?SARA² root. “*surf”; see instead:
√SAR “score, incise; [extended sense] write; [ᴹ√] *stone”
√PHAL “foam, splash”
√SAT root. “space, place; divide, apportion, mark off”
⚠️ᴱ√?SATA root. “value”; see instead:
√SAT “space, place; divide, apportion, mark off”
√SAT(AR) “faithful, trust, loyal, rely, steadfast”
√SAT(AR) root. “faithful, trust, loyal, rely, steadfast”
⚠️√SATH root. “pair”; see instead:
√YU “both, [ᴹ√] two”
⚠️√SAW root. “disgusting, foul, vile; bad, unhealthy, ill, wretched”; see instead:
√THAW “cruel; ⚠️stink”
⚠️ᴱ√SAW̯A root. “[unglossed]”; see instead:
√SAW “disgusting, foul, vile; bad, unhealthy, ill, wretched”
ᴹ√SAY root. “know, understand”
⚠️ᴱ√SAẎA root. “hunger”; see instead:
^ᴺ√SAYAK “hunger”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^SAYAK root. “hunger”
ᴺ√[ᴹ√]^S(A)YAP root. “*shoe”
⚠️ᴱ√SAYAPA root. “*shoe”; see instead:
^ᴺ√S(A)YAP “*shoe”
⚠️ᴱ√SAẆA root. “*dog”; see instead:
ᴹ√KHUG “bark, bay”
√SAW “disgusting, foul, vile; bad, unhealthy, ill, wretched”
⚠️ᴱ√SĒ root. “‽”; see instead:
✶bē “as, like”
√, ᴹ√SED root. “rest”
⚠️ᴱ√SEHE root. “*see” see ÞEHE
⚠️ᴱ√#SEKE root. “mid”; see instead:
√ENED “centre, middle; ⚠️three”
ᴹ√SEL(D) root. “child; *daughter”
⚠️ᴱ√SELE root. “*bright”; see instead:
√SIL “shine (white or silver)”
√SEN root. “let loose, free, let go”
ᴹ√SER root. “love, be fond of (of liking, friendship)”
⚠️√, ᴱ√SER root. “sew; [ᴱ√] twine, tie, bind” see THER; see instead:
ᴺ√THER “sew; ⚠️[ᴱ√] twine, tie, bind”
√SEREK root. “blood”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√SI¹ root. “this, [ᴹ√] here, now”
√SI² root. “know” see IS
√SIB root. “rest, quiet”
⚠️ᴱ√SIÐI root. “flow”; see instead:
√SIR “flow”
ᴹ√SIK root. “*dagger, knife”
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]SIKW root. “sigh, ⚠️say alas”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√SIL root. “shine (white or silver)”
ᴹ√SILIP root.
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^SILIT root. “sift”
√SIN root. “this” see SI¹
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]SIÑGI root. “*salt”
⚠️ᴱ√SINI root. “pale blue‽”; see instead:
✶sinki “*mineral”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^SINIT root. “esteem”
⚠️ᴱ√SIPI root. “whistle, pipe”; see instead:
^ᴺ√THIP “whistle, pipe”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√SIR root. “flow”
⚠️ᴱ√SIRIPI root. “*stalk”; see instead:
^ᴺ√THIRIP “stalk”
⚠️ᴹ√SIS root. “hiss” see SUS; see instead:
ᴹ√SUS “hiss”
⚠️ᴱ√SISI root. “singe, etc.” see *ÞISI
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^SISTI root. “‽”
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]SIT root. “*custom, habit”
⚠️ᴱ√SIVI root. “[unglossed]”
ᴹ√SIW root. “excite, egg on, urge”
√, ᴹ√SKAL root. “cover, veil, cloak, conceal, [ᴹ√] screen, hide (from light), overshadow”
ᴹ√SKAL² root. “small fish”
ᴹ√SKAR¹ root. “tear, rend”
⚠️ᴹ√SKAR² root. “?stop, end; limit, marge”; see instead:
ᴹ√SKAR¹ “tear, rend”
ᴹ√SKAT root. “break asunder”
ᴹ√SKEL root. “*strip”
√SKEY root. “pass”
⚠️ᴹ√SKIL root. “[unglossed]”
√SKOL root. “shut, close”
√SKOR root. “rough, marred, unequal or unsymmetrical in shape”
ᴹ√SKOR root. “look out for, expect, wait for”
√SKŪ root. “curse”
⚠️ᴹ√SKWAR root. “crooked”; see instead:
^ᴺ√SWAR “crooked”
⚠️ᴹ√SKYAP root. “*shoe”; see instead:
^ᴺ√S(A)YAP “*shoe”
√SLAS root. “ear”
ᴹ√SLIG root. “*entwine, thread; ⚠️spider”
ᴹ√SLIK root. “creep”
ᴹ√SLIN root. “*fine, delicate”
⚠️ᴹ√(S)LIT root. “swiftly[?] speed[?]”
ᴹ√SLIW root. “sickly”
⚠️ᴱ√SḶKḶ¹ root. “*grass, mow”; see instead:
#ᴹ√SALAK “*grass”
⚠️ᴱ√SḶKḶ² root. “rich, lush”; see instead:
ᴹ√LAR “rich, fat”
⚠️√SLŌN root. see SLOUN
√SLON root. “sound, (general word for) noise”
⚠️√SLOUN root. “*descend”; see instead:
√LOG “wet (and soft), soaked, swampy”
⚠️√SLOW root. see LOW
√SLOY root. “*poison”
⚠️ᴱ√SḶPḶ root. “*lick up”; see instead:
ᴹ√SALAP “lick up, *sip”
⚠️ᴱ√SḶŘḶ root. see ÞḶÐḶ
⚠️ᴱ√SḶTḶ root. “*sift”; see instead:
^ᴺ√SILIT “sift”
ᴹ√SLUK root. “swallow”
⚠️√SLŪN root. see SLOUN
ᴹ√SLUS root. “whisper”
ᴹ√SMAG root. “soil, stain”
⚠️ᴹ√SMAL root. “yellow”; see instead:
√MAL “yellow, gold”
√SNAG root. “wound, gash”
ᴹ√SNAR root. “tie”
⚠️ᴹ√SNAS root. “*gore, triangle”; see instead:
√NEK¹ “narrow; *angular, sharp”
⚠️ᴹ√SNAT root. “*gore, triangle” see SNAS
ᴹ√SNEW root. “entangle”
⚠️ᴱ√SṆKṆ root. “rend, tear”; see instead:
ᴹ√NARAK “tear, rend (tr. and intr.)”
⚠️ᴱ√SṆTṆ root. “esteem”; see instead:
^ᴺ√SINIT “esteem”
⚠️ᴱ√SṆTYṆ root. “twinkle”; see instead:
√TIN “sparkle, spark, [ᴱ√] twinkle, [ᴹ√] emit slender (silver pale) beams”
ᴹ√SNUR root. “twist”
⚠️ᴱ√SŌ root. “*together”; see instead:
✶yō “together (plural)”
√, ᴱ√, ᴹ√SOK root. “drink, gulp, quaff, drain”
ᴹ√, ᴱ√SOL root. “*surf”
⚠️ᴹ√SON root. “love, befriend, cherish”; see instead:
ᴹ√SER “love, be fond of (of liking, friendship)”
√SOÑ root. “*mouth”
⚠️ᴱ√SORO root. see ÐORO
⚠️ᴱ√ŠORO root. see *ÞORO; see instead:
ᴹ√THOR(ON) “come swooping down”
√SOT root. “shelter, protect, defend”
⚠️ᴱ√SOTO root. “drop, fall” see ÐOTO
⚠️ᴱ√SOVO root. “wash”; see instead:
^ᴺ√SOW “wash, *bath”
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]^SOW root. “wash, *bath”
√[ᴱ√]*SPALAK root. “cleave, hew”
ᴹ√SPAL(AS) root. “*foam”
⚠️√, ᴹ√SPAN root. “cover, veil, cloak, conceal; [ᴹ√] white”; see instead:
√PHAN “cover, screen, veil; white, (light white) shape; shape, vision”
ᴹ√SPANAG root. “*beard”
√, ᴹ√SPAR root. “hunt, ⚠️[ᴹ√] pursue”
ᴹ√SPAR² root. “strew, spread, ?scatter”
ᴹ√SPAY root. “despise, contemn”
√, ᴹ√SPIN(ID) root. “fine thread, filament; hair”
⚠️ᴱ√‽ṢQṢ root. “*fog, mist”; see instead:
√USUK “*reek, smoke; ⚠️dusk, evening”
√SRAB root. “wild, not tamed/domesticated”
⚠️ᴹ√SRAD root. “to flatten, lay low/flat, make flat what was standing” see GRAD
√SRAG root. “awkward, awry; hard, (very) difficult”
√SRAK root. “hard, difficult” see SRAG
√SRAW root. “body, flesh”
⚠️√SRAY root. “easy, pliant, moving with ease”; see instead:
√SRAG “awkward, awry; hard, (very) difficult”
ᴹ√(S)RI root. “*edge, border”
ᴹ√SRIP root. “scratch”
√SRIS root. “snow”
√SRIT root. “to complete a work or design”
⚠️√SRITH root. “snow”; see instead:
√SRIS “snow”
⚠️ᴱ√SṚKṚ root. “fat”
√, ᴹ√[ᴹ√]*(S)RŌ root. “east”
√SROB root. see SRAB
√SRON root. “substance, matter, ⚠️flesh”
√(S)ROT root. “delve underground, excavate, tunnel” see ROT
√SRUG root. “*evil, wicked”
⚠️ᴹ√SRUS root. “whisper” see SLUS; see instead:
ᴹ√SLUS “whisper”
⚠️ᴱ√SṢTYṢ root. “‽”; see instead:
^ᴺ√SISTI “‽”
⚠️ᴹ√STĀ root. “[unglossed]”
ᴹ√STAB root. “*wood”
⚠️ᴹ√STAG root. “press, compress”; see instead:
√THAG “oppress, crush, press”
ᴹ√STAK root. “split, insert”
ᴺ√, √[√]STAL root. “*valiant”
ᴹ√STAL root. “steep”
ᴹ√STALAG root. “*stalwart, steady, firm”
ᴹ√STAN root. “fix, indicate, decide”
√, ᴹ√STAR root. “[ᴹ√] stiff”
ᴹ√STARAN root. “*stiff, hard”
√STEL root. “remain firm”
ᴹ√STELEG root. “*point (of spear)”
√STEN root. “cut short, limit, confine, cramp”
⚠️√, ᴹ√STIN root. “grey”; see instead:
√THIN “*grey”
⚠️ᴹ√STINTĀ root. “short”; see instead:
√STEN “cut short, limit, confine, cramp”
√[ᴹ√]*STIR root. “face”
√STOL root. “helmet”
√STOR root. “steadfast”
ᴹ√STUD root. “base, ground”
⚠️√STUK root. “[unglossed]”
√SŪ root. “blow, move with audible sound (of air)”
ᴺ√, ᴹ√[ᴹ√]SUB root. “sink (esp. in water)”
⚠️ᴹ√SUD root. “base, ground” see STUD; see instead:
ᴹ√STUD “base, ground”
⚠️ᴹ√SUG root. “drink” see SUK; see instead:
√SOK “drink, gulp, quaff, drain”
⚠️ᴱ√SUHYU root. “air, breath, exhale, puff”; see instead:
√SŪ “blow, move with audible sound (of air)”
√, ᴹ√SUK root. “drink, drain, gulp, quaff” see SOK
⚠️ᴱ√SUKU¹ root. “*resin, gum”; see instead:
^ᴺ√THUK “resin, gum”
⚠️ᴱ√SUKU² root. “*sweet”; see instead:
√LIS “[ᴱ√] sweetness, [ᴹ√] honey”
⚠️ᴱ√SULU root. “*support”; see instead:
ᴹ√TULUK “*support, prop; steady, firm”
ᴹ√SULUK root. “*root (especially as edible)”
ᴹ√*SULUP root. “lap up”
⚠️ᴱ√SUQU root. “*descend”; see instead:
√NDU “down, under, below; sink, descend, go down, [ᴹ√] set (of Sun)”
√, ᴱ√SUR root. “noise of wind; [ᴱ√] to blow”
ᴹ√SUS root. “hiss”
⚠️ᴱ√SUẈU root. “*feminine patronymic”
√SWĀ root. “echoic representation of sound of wind”
ᴹ√SWAD root. “*sponge, fungus”
√SWAL root. “wash”
ᴺ√[ᴹ√]^SWAR root. “crooked”
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]SWEK root. “broom”
ᴹ√SWES root. “noise of blowing or breathing”
ᴹ√SWIN root. “whirl, eddy”
√, ᴹ√, ᴹ√SYAD root. “[ᴹ√] shear through, cleave (through); ⚠️[√] compress”
ᴹ√SYAL root. “*resound”
⚠️√SYAR root. “score, incise; write” see SAR; see instead:
√SAR “score, incise; [extended sense] write; [ᴹ√] *stone”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√TA root. “that, there, then; demonstrative”
√, ᴹ√TĀ/TAƷ root. “high, [ᴹ√] lofty; noble”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^TAD root. “enclosure”
⚠️ᴱ√TAÐA root. “*hedge, fence, enclosure”; see instead:
^ᴺ√TAD “enclosure”
⚠️ᴱ√TAHA root. see *DAHA
⚠️ᴱ√TAILIK root. “*glass” see KAILIK
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√TAK root. “fasten, fix, [ᴹ√] make fast; [ᴱ√] stick (in), firm; ⚠️[ᴹ√] make”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√TAL root. “foot; *flat; [ᴱ√] support”
⚠️ᴹ√TAL² root. “appraise, esteem, value”; see instead:
^ᴺ√SINIT “esteem”
√, ᴹ√TALAM root. “flat space, [ᴹ√] floor, ground; base, root, foundation”
√, ᴹ√TALAT root. “to slip (down), collapse, fall in ruin; slipping, sliding, falling down; ground (bottom); [ᴹ√] slide down, incline, slope, lean, tip, topple over”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√TAM root. “construct; [ᴹ√] knock, [ᴱ√] beat; smelt, forge”
√, ᴹ√TAN¹ root. “construct, make with tools, [ᴹ√] make, fashion”
√, ᴹ√TAN² root. “indicate, show”
⚠️ᴱ√TAŊA root. “touch, be next to”; see instead:
√PĀ/APA “touch; after, behind of place”
√AS² “beside”
⚠️ᴱ√TANA root. “*fire, kindle”; see instead:
√THAN “kindle, set light to, fire, light”
⚠️ᴺ√*TANAT root. “harp”; see instead:
ᴹ√ÑGAN(AD) “play (on stringed instrument)”
ᴹ√TANG root. “ting (onomatopoeic)” see TING
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^TANTA root. “bounce”
ᴹ√TAP root. “stop”
⚠️ᴱ√TAPA root. “*taper, stretch out”; see instead:
√TAY “stretch, [ᴹ√] extend, make long(er); ⚠️[√] mark, line, limit”
ᴹ√TAP “stop”
⚠️ᴱ√TAQA root. “fashion”; see instead:
√TAK “fasten, fix, [ᴹ√] make fast; [ᴱ√] stick (in), firm; ⚠️[ᴹ√] make”
√KAT “shape, [ᴹ√] make”
√TAR root. “stand”
⚠️ᴱ√TAŘA root. see TAÐA
⚠️ᴱ√TARA¹ root. “*across”; see instead:
√THAR¹ “[ᴹ√] across, beyond”
√LAƷ “cross, pass over, go beyond”
⚠️ᴱ√TARA² root. “*horn”; see instead:
ᴹ√TARAK “horn (of animals)”
ᴹ√TARAG root. “*tough, stiff”
⚠️ᴹ√TARAK root. “horn (of animals)”; see instead:
√RAS “horn; [ᴹ√] stick up”
⚠️ᴱ√TARA(MA) root. “to batter, thud, beat” see DARA(MA); see instead:
ᴹ√DARAM “beat, hew; [ᴱ√] batter, thud”
ᴹ√TARAS root. “*trouble”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^TARKWA root. “to dry (food), preserve”
√TAS root. “point out, indicate”
⚠️ᴹ√, ᴱ√TAS root. “*fringe”; see instead:
!ᴺ√TATH “fringe”
√, ᴹ√TATA root. see ATATA
ᴺ√[ᴹ√]!TATH root. “fringe”
√, ᴹ√TATHAR root. “*willow”
⚠️ᴱ√TAÞA root. “count”; see instead:
√NOT “count, reckon”
⚠️ᴱ√TAVA root. “beam”; see instead:
√TAW “wood”
√TAW root. “wood”
⚠️ᴱ√TAW̯A root. “*base”; see instead:
√TALAM “flat space, [ᴹ√] floor, ground; base, root, foundation”
√TAW “wood”
ᴹ√TAWAR root. “wood, forest”
√, ᴹ√TAY root. “stretch, [ᴹ√] extend, make long(er); ⚠️[√] mark, line, limit”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^TEB root. “hate, dislike”
⚠️ᴱ√TEÐE root. “pierce, boring”; see instead:
ᴺ√TER “pierce”
⚠️ᴱ√TEFE root. “*hate, dislike”; see instead:
^ᴺ√TEB “hate, dislike”
√TEG root. “line”
⚠️ᴱ√TEHE root. “‽pull”; see instead:
√TEG “line”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√TEK root. “make a written mark, sign, write, [ᴹ√] write or draw (signs or letters)”
√TEL root. “close, end, complete, come to an end”
⚠️ᴱ√TEL+U root. “to finish, close, end, complete”; see instead:
√TEL “close, end, complete, come to an end”
√TELU “roof in, put the crown on a building”
⚠️ᴱ√TELE root. “cover in; close; finish”; see instead:
√TELU “roof in, put the crown on a building”
√TEL “close, end, complete, come to an end”
⚠️ᴹ√, ᴱ✶TELED root. “*hindmost” see TELES; see instead:
√TELES “come at rear, end a line or series; [ᴹ√] hindmost, tarrier”
ᴹ√TELEK root. “stalk, stem, leg”
⚠️ᴹ√, ᴱ√TELEP root. “silver”; see instead:
√KYELEP “silver”
⚠️√TELER root. “tribal name” see TELES; see instead:
√TELES “come at rear, end a line or series; [ᴹ√] hindmost, tarrier”
√, ᴹ√TELES root. “come at rear, end a line or series; [ᴹ√] hindmost, tarrier”
√, ᴹ√TELU root. “roof in, put the crown on a building”
⚠️ᴱ√TEME root. “tie”; see instead:
ᴹ√NUT “tie, bind”
⚠️ᴹ√TEÑ root. “line, direction”; see instead:
√TEG “line”
√TEN root. “direction; point (toward); end (in sense of point aimed at)”
√, ᴱ√TEÑ root. “indicate, signify, show, represent, betoken, mark, to point at; ⚠️[ᴱ√] know, understand”
⚠️ᴱ√TENE root. “touch, feel”; see instead:
√PĀ/APA “touch; after, behind of place”
√LEP “pick up/out (with the fingers); finger”
√TEN “direction; point (toward); end (in sense of point aimed at)”
ᴺ√, √, ᴹ√[√]TER root. “pierce”
⚠️ᴱ√TEŘE root. “pierce, boring” see TEÐE
ᴹ√TERES root. “*pierced hole”
⚠️ᴱ√TETE root. “bud, blossom”; see instead:
√TUY “sprout, bud”
⚠️√TEW root. “show, sign, indicate” see TEÑ; see instead:
√TEÑ “indicate, signify, show, represent, betoken, mark, to point at; ⚠️[ᴱ√] know, understand”
⚠️ᴹ√THA root. “forward”; see instead:
√THĀ/ATHA “ease, comfort, heal; be helpful; be willing to assist (in any work, etc.), agree, consent; ⚠️[ᴹ√] forward”
√THĀ/ATHA root. “ease, comfort, heal; be helpful; be willing to assist (in any work, etc.), agree, consent; ⚠️[ᴹ√] forward”
√THAG root. “oppress, crush, press”
√THAN root. “kindle, set light to, fire, light”
√, ᴹ√THAR¹ root. “[ᴹ√] across, beyond”
⚠️ᴹ√THAR² root. “stand”; see instead:
√TAR “stand”
√THAR¹ “[ᴹ√] across, beyond”
√THAR² root. “vigour”
⚠️ᴱ√*THASA root. “shave”; see instead:
^ᴺ√THATH “shave”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^THATH root. “shave”
√THAW root. “cruel; ⚠️stink”
ᴹ√THĒ root. “look (see or seem)”
ᴹ√THEL(ES) root. “sister”
ᴺ√, √, ᴱ√[√]THER root. “sew; ⚠️[ᴱ√] twine, tie, bind”
√, ᴹ√THIL root. “shine silver; white light”
ᴺ√!THIM root. “skim”
√, ᴹ√THIN root. “*grey”
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]^THIP root. “whistle, pipe”
⚠️ᴹ√THIR root.
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^THIRIP root. “stalk”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^THITH root. “singe, etc.”
√THOL root. “stand up, top” see STOL
ᴹ√THON root. “*pine”
⚠️√THOR root. “steadfast” see STOR; see instead:
√STOR “steadfast”
ᴹ√, ᴱ√THOR(ON) root. “come swooping down”
√THOS root. “frighten, terrify; show dread of”
⚠️√THOW root. “stink”; see instead:
√THAW “cruel; ⚠️stink”
√, ᴹ√THŪ root. “blow, cause an air movement, [ᴹ√] puff”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^THUK root. “resin, gum”
ᴹ√THUR root. “surround, fence, ward, hedge in, secrete”
√, ᴹ√THUS root. “blow, cause an air movement; [ᴹ√] *smell, stench; ⚠️[√] evil mist, fog, darkness”
ᴹ√TI root. “demonstrative of 2nd person, *that by you”
⚠️ᴱ√*TIÐI root. “‽stick up”; see instead:
√TOL “stick up or out, stand up (out and above neighboring things), raise the head”
⚠️√TIG root. “[unglossed]”; see instead:
ᴹ√TING “ting (onomatopoeic)”
ᴹ√TIK root. “*dot”
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]TIKW root. “*melt, thaw”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√TIL root. “point, horn”
⚠️ᴱ√TILI¹ root. “*shine (blue)”; see instead:
√SIL “shine (white or silver)”
√TIL “point, horn”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√TIN root. “sparkle, spark, [ᴱ√] twinkle, [ᴹ√] emit slender (silver pale) beams”
ᴹ√TING root. “ting (onomatopoeic)”
ᴹ√TINKŌ root. “metal”
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]TIPH root. “flute, hoot”
⚠️ᴱ√TIPI root. “*spray”; see instead:
√ROS “spindrift, spray; [ᴹ√] distil, drip”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√TIR root. “watch (over), look at, observe, gaze at; [ᴹ√] guard”
⚠️ᴱ√TIŘI root. “‽stick up” see *TIÐI
ᴹ√TIT root. “*little, tiny”
ᴹ√, ᴱ√TIW root. “fat, thick”
⚠️ᴱ√TḶDḶ root. “*cover”; see instead:
√TUP “cover over, hide”
⚠️ᴱ√TḶKḶ root. “[unglossed]”
⚠️ᴱ√TḶPḶ root. “*support, prop”; see instead:
ᴹ√TULUK “*support, prop; steady, firm”
⚠️ᴱ√TḶTḶ root. “*slope”; see instead:
√TALAT “to slip (down), collapse, fall in ruin; slipping, sliding, falling down; ground (bottom); [ᴹ√] slide down, incline, slope, lean, tip, topple over”
⚠️ᴱ√TṂPṂ root. “build”
⚠️ᴱ√TṆQṆ root. “*hear”; see instead:
√LAS² “listen”
⚠️ᴱ√TṆTṆ root. “*bounce”; see instead:
^ᴺ√TANTA “bounce”
⚠️√TŌ/OTO root. “back”; see instead:
√KHAN² “back”
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]TOK root. “appraise, tax, assess, assay; ⚠️try, test, essay, endeavour; feel with the hand, handle”
√TOK root. “non-resonant sounds”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√TOL root. “stick up or out, stand up (out and above neighboring things), raise the head”
⚠️ᴱ√TOL+U root. “*roll (up)”
⚠️ᴹ√TOL¹-OTH/OT root. “eight”; see instead:
√TOLOD “eight”
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]TOLI root. “*doll”
√TOLOB root. “*protuberance”
√TOLOD root. “eight”
⚠️√TOLOT root. “eight” see TOLOD; see instead:
√TOLOD “eight”
√, ᴱ√TOM root. “of resonant sounds”
ᴹ√TON root. “tap, knock”
⚠️ᴱ√TOŊO root. “to hammer”; see instead:
ᴹ√(N)DAM “hammer, beat”
ᴹ√TON “tap, knock”
ᴹ√TOP root. “roof, ⚠️cover”
⚠️ᴱ√TOQO root. “bear fruit, bear, bring forth, produce”; see instead:
ᴹ√YAB “fruit”
ᴹ√TOR root. “brother”
√TOR root. “secrete, hide”
⚠️ᴱ√TORO root. “*bake”; see instead:
√UR “heat, be hot”
√MBAS “bake, [ᴱ√] cook; ⚠️[ᴹ√] knead”
⚠️ᴹ√TOT root. “repeat”; see instead:
√EN “again, once more, go on doing; further, beyond; [ᴹ√] yonder, over there”
⚠️√TOT root. “non-resonant sounds” see TOK
ᴹ√, ᴱ✶TOW root. “*wool”
⚠️ᴱ√TOŁᵂO root. “[unglossed]”
⚠️ᴱ√TOẆO root. “[unglossed]”
⚠️ᴱ√TṚKṚ root. “*root”; see instead:
ᴹ√STUD “base, ground”
⚠️ᴱ√TṚQṚ root. “*to dry (food), preserve”; see instead:
^ᴺ√TARKWA “to dry (food), preserve”
⚠️ᴱ√TṚTYṚ root. “*part”; see instead:
√SAT “space, place; divide, apportion, mark off”
⚠️ᴱ√‽TUAKK root. “*axe”; see instead:
ᴺ√PELEK “axe”
ᴹ√TUB root. “to fall low[?], go down (below normal ground level), (esp.) to go down (sink, dive) into water”
ᴺ√, √[ᴱ√]TUD root. “*firewood, kindling”
⚠️ᴱ√TUÐU root. “kindle”; see instead:
ᴺ√TUD “*firewood, kindling”
ᴹ√TUG root. “*muscle”
ᴹ√TUK root. “draw, bring”
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]TUKSA root. “*hundred”
⚠️ᴱ√TUKU root. “*search, find”; see instead:
√KETH “enquire of, question, examine something”
√KHIR “light on, find”
ᴹ√TUK “draw, bring”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√TUL root. “come, approach, [ᴹ√] move towards (point of speaker); ⚠️[ᴱ√] fetch, bear, bring; (originally) uphold, support, bear, carry”
ᴹ√, ᴱ√TULUK root. “*support, prop; steady, firm”
⚠️ᴱ√TUM(B)U root. “‽”; see instead:
ᴹ√TUB “to fall low[?], go down (below normal ground level), (esp.) to go down (sink, dive) into water”
ᴹ√TUMPU root. “hump”
⚠️ᴱ√TUMU root. “‽swell (with idea of hollowness)”; see instead:
ᴹ√TUMPU “hump”
ᴹ√TUN root. “*tall; mound”
⚠️ᴱ√TUN+TƎ root. “*see, notice, perceive”; see instead:
^ᴺ√TUNTU “*notice, perceive”
⚠️ᴹ√TUNG root. “ting (onomatopoeic)” see TING; see instead:
ᴹ√TING “ting (onomatopoeic)”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^TUNTU root. “*notice, perceive”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√TUP root. “cover over, hide”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√TUR root. “dominate, master, conquer; power [over others], mastery (legitimate or illegitimate), control (of other wills); strong, mighty in power; [ᴹ√] victory; [ᴱ√] am strong”
⚠️ᴱ√TUŘU root. see TUÐU
√TURUK root. “*strong”
ᴹ√TURUM root. “*shield”
ᴹ√TUS root. “*bush”
⚠️ᴱ√TUSU root. see TUÐU
⚠️ᴱ√TUVU root. “*receive”; see instead:
√KAB “hold, contain, retain, possess, have in hand; [ᴹ√] hollow”
ᴹ√TUB “to fall low[?], go down (below normal ground level), (esp.) to go down (sink, dive) into water”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√TUY root. “sprout, bud”
⚠️ᴱ√TYAKA root. “hew”; see instead:
√MAK “strike; cut, hew with a sharp edge, [ᴹ√] cleave; sword, fight (with a sword); [√] forge metal; ⚠️kill, slay”
ᴹ√SYAD¹ “shear through, cleave (through)”
ᴹ√, ᴱ√TYAL root. “play”
⚠️ᴱ√TYASA root. “taste, try, choose, test, select”; see instead:
^ᴺ√TYATH “test, try [out], ⚠️choose, select, taste”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^TYATH root. “test, try [out], ⚠️choose, select, taste”
⚠️ᴱ√TYAVA root. “to savour, taste”; see instead:
√KYAW “taste, select, choose”
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]TYET root. “give suck”
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]TYOS root. “cough”
⚠️ᴱ√TYU root.; see instead:
ᴹ√TIW “fat, thick”
ᴺ√, ᴱ√[ᴱ√]TYUK root. “chew”
ᴹ√, ᴱ√TYUL root. “stand up (straight); ⚠️[ᴱ√] tall”
⚠️ᴱ√TYURU root. “curdle” see KYURU; see instead:
ᴺ√KYUR “curdle”
⚠️ᴱ√*ÞARA root. “*saw”; see instead:
√THAR¹ “[ᴹ√] across, beyond”
⚠️ᴱ√ÞEHE root. “*see”; see instead:
√KEN “see, perceive, note, [ᴹ√] look at, observe, direct gaze”
√KHEN “base of eye-words; ⚠️[ᴹ√] look at, see, observe, direct gaze”
⚠️ᴱ√*ÞIKI root. “*choose”
⚠️ᴱ√*ÞISI root. “singe, etc.”; see instead:
^ᴺ√THITH “singe, etc.”
⚠️ᴱ√ÞḶÐḶ root. “*slender”; see instead:
ᴹ√SLIN “*fine, delicate”
⚠️ᴱ√ÞṆKṆ root. “*hate”
⚠️ᴱ√ÞOLO root. “*surf”; see instead:
ᴹ√SOL “*surf”
√, ᴱ√Ū root. “denial of fact, privation, negative element, [ᴱ√] not”
⚠️ᴱ√U root. “dual” see WI¹
⚠️ᴱ√Ū¹ root. “under”; see instead:
√NŪ/UNU “down, under; go down, sink”
√, ᴹ√UB root. “have in mind, consider, ponder; impend, be imminent, approach, draw near”
⚠️ᴹ√UB¹ root. “abound”; see instead:
√UM “abound; teem, throng; large [in quantity]”
√UG root. “dislike”
√, ᴹ√UGU root. “expressing privation” see UMU
√UK root. “nasty”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√UL root. “pour (out), flow, [ᴱ√] flow fast”
⚠️ᴱ√ULU² root. “*negative”; see instead:
√Ū “denial of fact, privation, negative element, [ᴱ√] not”
ᴹ√ULUG root. “*hideous, deformed”
⚠️ᴱ√ULUKU root. “wolf”; see instead:
ᴹ√DARAK “*wolf”
⚠️ᴱ√ULUMP root. see ULUN(T)
⚠️ᴱ√ULUN(T) root. “*camel”; see instead:
^ᴺ√LUP “hump, lump, fat”
√UM root. “abound; teem, throng; large [in quantity]”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√UMU root. “not, expressing privation; [ᴹ√] negative stems”
√UÑG root. “spider”
⚠️ᴹ√UÑG root. “*gloom”; see instead:
√UÑG “spider”
ᴹ√UNU root. “*down, under” see NU/UNU
ᴹ√UNUK root. “*hollow”
⚠️ᴱ√UQU root. “wet”; see instead:
ᴹ√LINKWI “*wet”
ᴹ√MISIK “*wet”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√UR root. “heat, be hot”
⚠️ᴹ√UR² root. “wide, large, great”; see instead:
√YAN¹ “wide, extensive, large, vast, huge; extend”
√PAL “wide, broad, extended; [ᴹ√] wide (open); [ᴱ√] flatness”
√UR “heat, be hot”
⚠️ᴱ√UŘU root. see *ƷUÐU
⚠️ᴹ√URUK root. “[unglossed]”
⚠️√URUN root. “copper”; see instead:
√RUS “brownish red”
Q. urus “copper”
S. rust “copper”
√(U)RUTH root. see RUTH
⚠️ᴹ√US root. “[unglossed]”
⚠️ᴱ√USU root. “get out, escape”; see instead:
^ᴺ√UTH “get out, escape”
√, ᴹ√USUK root. “*reek, smoke; ⚠️dusk, evening”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^UTH root. “get out, escape”
√UTHU root. “bad; unsuitable; improper, useless, wrong; [wrong] with a bad sense”
⚠️ᴱ√UVU root. “*negative” see UMU; see instead:
√UMU “not, expressing privation; [ᴹ√] negative stems”
ᴹ√UY root. “*long trailing plant”
⚠️ᴹ√VAG root. “stain, soil” see WAƷ; see instead:
ᴹ√WAƷ “stain, soil”
⚠️ᴱ√VAHA root. “*depart, travel”; see instead:
ᴹ√WAN “depart, go away, disappear, vanish”
√WĀ/AWA “away (from); go (away), depart, pass away, move (from speaker); before (of time), ago; [ᴹ√] forth, out”
⚠️ᴱ√VAKA root. “*trade”; see instead:
ᴹ√MBAKH “exchange”
⚠️ᴱ√VALA root. see *WALA
⚠️ᴱ√VANA root. “*beauty”; see instead:
√BAN “beauty (due to lack of fault or blemish); fair, beautiful”
⚠️ᴱ√VARA root. “*separate”
⚠️ᴱ√VASA root. “*wing”; see instead:
ᴹ√RAM “*wing, fly”
⚠️ᴱ√VAẎA root. “enfold, wind about”; see instead:
ᴹ√WAY “enfold”
⚠️ᴱ√*VEÐE root.; see instead:
ᴺ√BES “to wed”
⚠️ᴱ√VEHE root. see *WEHE
⚠️ᴱ√VELU root. “unroll”; see instead:
^ᴺ√BELU “unroll”
⚠️ᴱ√VENE root. “shape, cut out, scoop”; see instead:
√KAT “shape, [ᴹ√] make”
ᴹ√BEN “corner (from inside), angle from inside”
⚠️ᴱ√VEŘE root. see *VEÐE
⚠️ᴱ√VETE root. “*chin”; see instead:
^ᴺ√BENET “chin”
⚠️ᴹ√VEY root. “wind, weave” see WEY
⚠️ᴱ√VĪ root. “as”; see instead:
✶bē “as, like”
⚠️ᴱ√VIKI root. “*sticky”; see instead:
^ᴺ√THUK “resin, gum”
⚠️ᴱ√VILI root. “*air”; see instead:
ᴹ√WIL “fly, float in air”
⚠️ᴱ√VITI root. “*juice, sap”; see instead:
ᴹ√PIS “*juice”
⚠️ᴱ√VITYI root. “*sticky” see VIKI
⚠️ᴱ√VḶÐḶ root. “*worth, value”; see instead:
^ᴺ√BALAD “worth, value”
⚠️ᴱ√VḶKḶ root. “‽”; see instead:
ᴹ√NAYAK “pain”
√MIK “pierce”
⚠️ᴱ√VḶŘḶ root. see VḶÐḶ
⚠️ᴱ√VḶTḶ root. “release, set free; deprive, take away”
⚠️ᴱ√*VO(NO) root. “son”; see instead:
√YON¹ “son”
⚠️ᴱ√VŌRI root. “fur”; see instead:
ᴹ√SKEL “*strip”
⚠️ᴱ√VORO root. “*ever, always”; see instead:
ᴹ√BOR(ON) “endure”
⚠️ᴱ√VṚÐṚ root. “*rule”; see instead:
√BARAD “lofty, high, height combined with strength/size/majesty”
⚠️ᴱ√VṚKṚ root. “*fear”; see instead:
√THOS “frighten, terrify; show dread of”
√ÑGOR “dread, terror, fear, horror”
⚠️ᴱ√VṚTṚ root. “*change”; see instead:
√WIS “change, alter(nate), shift”
⚠️ᴱ√VṚTYṚ root. “serve”; see instead:
√(N)DUR “to show special interest in things; [ᴹ√] bow down, bend (low), obey, serve; ⚠️grow/be dark”
ᴹ√BEW “follow, serve”
√, ᴹ√WĀ root. “blow; noise of wind, echoic representation of sound of wind”
√, ᴹ√WĀ/AWA root. “away (from); go (away), depart, pass away, move (from speaker); before (of time), ago; [ᴹ√] forth, out”
ᴹ√WAD root. “err, stray”
ᴹ√WAƷ root. “stain, soil”
⚠️ᴱ√WAIK root. “*man, male”
ᴹ√WAIWA root. “blow”
⚠️√WAL root. “be stirred, excited; emotion, movement of feelings” see GWAL; see instead:
√GWAL “be stirred, excited; emotion, movement of feelings”
⚠️ᴱ√*WALA root. “fortune, happiness; *power”; see instead:
√BAL “power; powerful, mighty; have power”
√WAN root. see (G)WAN
ᴹ√WAN root. “depart, go away, disappear, vanish”
⚠️ᴱ√*WANA root. see VANA
ᴹ√WAR root. “give way, yield, not endure, let down, betray”
⚠️ᴱ√WARA root. “care for, guard, watch (over)”; see instead:
√TIR “watch (over), look at, observe, gaze at; [ᴹ√] guard”
⚠️ᴱ√?WASA root. “juice”; see instead:
ᴹ√SAB “juice”
⚠️ᴱ√*WATA root. “*travel”
√, ᴹ√WATH root. “[ᴹ√] shade”
√WATHAR root. “*shadow, veil”
√, ᴹ√WAW root. “blow (of wind), be disturbed” see WAY
√WAY root. “blow (of wind), be disturbed”
ᴹ√WAY root. “enfold”
√WE root. “dual”
√, ᴹ√WĒ/EWE root. “person, being, individual”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^WEB root. “*worm”
ᴹ√WED root. “bind”
⚠️ᴱ√WEDE root. see *VEÐE
√, ᴹ√WEG root. “live, be active; [ᴹ√] (manly) vigour”
⚠️ᴱ√*WEHE root. “*death”
⚠️√WEƷ root. “masculinity apart from sex” see WEG
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^WEL root. “*boil, bubble”
√, ᴹ√WEN(ED) root. “maiden, girl, virgin; ⚠️woman”
⚠️√WER root. “twine, weave” see WIR; see instead:
√WIR “weave, twine, weaving with cross-threads or withes”
⚠️ᴱ√WEŘE root. see GWEÐE¹
⚠️ᴹ√WEY root. “wind, weave”; see instead:
√WIR “weave, twine, weaving with cross-threads or withes”
⚠️ᴱ√WI¹ root. “dual”
⚠️ᴱ√?WI² root.
ᴹ√WIG root. “*foam”
⚠️√WIG root. “weaving with cross-threads or withes” see WIR; see instead:
√WIR “weave, twine, weaving with cross-threads or withes”
⚠️ᴱ√WIKI root. “*corner” see *GWIKI
ᴹ√WIL root. “fly, float in air”
√, ᴹ√WIN root. “young, [ᴹ√] new, fresh”
⚠️ᴹ√WIN(I)D root. “pale blue”
ᴹ√WIR root. “new, fresh, young”
√WIR root. “weave, twine, weaving with cross-threads or withes”
⚠️ᴱ√WIRI root. “*look”; see instead:
√TIR “watch (over), look at, observe, gaze at; [ᴹ√] guard”
√WIR “weave, twine, weaving with cross-threads or withes”
√WIS root. “change, alter(nate), shift”
ᴹ√WIS root. “air”
√WIW root. “blow” see WAY
√, ᴹ√WO root. “together”
⚠️√WOR root. “express, cause to exude (by pressure)”; see instead:
Val. mirub “wine”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√YA root. “[ᴹ√] there, over there; (of time) back, ago”
⚠️ᴱ√YA¹ root. “*and”; see instead:
√AS² “beside”
ᴹ√YAB root. “fruit”
√YAD root. “wide” see YAN¹
⚠️ᴱ√YAÐA root. “*gloom”; see instead:
√LUB¹ “shadow, darkness”
√, ᴹ√YAG root. “gap; [ᴹ√] yawn, gape”
ᴹ√YAK root. “*neck”
⚠️ᴱ√ẎAKA root. “a head of cattle”; see instead:
^ᴺ√GYAK “cattle”
ᴹ√YAL root. “cry, *call”
⚠️ᴱ√ẎALA root. “ring, sound hollow”; see instead:
√ÑYEL “ring(ing), [ᴹ√] sing, give out a sweet sound”
ᴺ√[ᴱ√]^YALTA root. “yoke”
⚠️ᴹ√, ᴱ√YAM root. “cry, [ᴱ√] *call, shout” see YAL; see instead:
ᴹ√YAL “cry, *call”
⚠️ᴹ√YAN¹ root. “*holy” see (A)YAN; see instead:
√AYA(N) “blessed; treat with awe/reverence; [ᴱ√] honour, revere”
√YAN¹ “wide, extensive, large, vast, huge; extend”
√YAN¹ root. “wide, extensive, large, vast, huge; extend”
⚠️ᴹ√‽YAN² root. “give”; see instead:
✶antā- “to give, cause a thing/person to go to an object, send, [ᴹ✶] present”
⚠️√YAN² root. “*join”; see instead:
ᴹ√YAT “join”
⚠️ᴱ√YAPA root. “snarl, snap, bark ill-temperedly”; see instead:
ᴹ√KHUG “bark, bay”
✶yarr- “dog; *growl, snarl”
⚠️ᴹ√YAR root. “blood”; see instead:
√SEREK “blood”
ᴹ√, ᴱ√YAT root. “join”
⚠️ᴱ√ẎAVA root. “*fruit”; see instead:
ᴹ√YAB “fruit”
ᴹ√YAY root. “mock”
⚠️ᴱ√#YAYA root. “*steel, possession”; see instead:
*ᴺ√GAK “steel”
⚠️ᴹ√YĒ root. “to be”; see instead:
√EÑ “be, exist”
√, ᴹ√YE(L) root. “daughter”
⚠️ᴹ√YEL² root. “friend”
ᴹ√YEN¹ root. “year”
⚠️ᴹ√YEN² root. “daughter”; see instead:
ᴹ√YEL¹ “daughter”
√, ᴹ√YER root. “desire (for marriage and bodily union), [ᴹ√] feel sexual desire”
⚠️ᴱ√YERE(NE) root. “*iron”; see instead:
^ᴺ√GYEREN “ore, [unrefined] metal”
ᴹ√YES root. “desire”
√[ᴹ√]*YESET root. “beginning”
⚠️ᴱ√YḶTḶ root. “*join”; see instead:
^ᴺ√YALTA “yoke”
⚠️ᴱ√YṆTṆ root. “*(en)large, increase”; see instead:
^ᴺ√GYANTA “*(en)large, increase”
⚠️√YOD root. “fence, enclose”; see instead:
√(G)LAN “rim, edge, border, boundary”
ᴺ√[ᴹ√]^YOL/YUL root. “smoulder”
⚠️ᴱ√YOLO root. “smell, stink, reek (intr.)”; see instead:
ᴹ√ÑOL “smell (intr.)”
√THUS “blow, cause an air movement; [ᴹ√] *smell, stench; ⚠️[√] evil mist, fog, darkness”
√, ᴹ√, ᴱ√YON¹ root. “son”
⚠️√YON² root. “wide, extensive”; see instead:
√YAN¹ “wide, extensive, large, vast, huge; extend”
√, ᴹ√YU root. “both, [ᴹ√] two”
ᴹ√YUK root. “employ, use”
⚠️ᴹ√YUL root. “smoulder”; see instead:
^ᴺ√YOL/YUL “smoulder”
√YUL root. “drink”
⚠️ᴹ√, ᴱ√YUR root. “run”; see instead:
√NOR “run (or leap) of animals or men; [ᴹ√] run as of wheels, roll along, [ᴱ√] go smoothly, ride, spin”
⚠️ᴱ√ẆAÐA root. “dwell”