Eldamo : Primitive Elvish : NŌ/ONO

√NŌ/ONO root. “beget, give birth to; be born”

√NŌ/ONO root. “beget, give birth to; be born; ⚠️[ᴱ√] become”

This root was associated with Elvish words for “birth” for most of Tolkien’s life. It first appeared as ᴱ√NŌ “become, be born” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s with derivatives like ᴱQ. nosta- “give birth to; cause” and ᴱQ. nosse “folk, kin, people” (QL/66). Likewise in the contemporaneous Gnomish Lexicon there was G. nosta- “am born” and G. nothri “family, kinship” (GL/61), and in the Name Lists for to The Fall of Gondolin (NFG), G. nos was used as the equivalent of ᴱQ. nosse (PE15/22, 24). Both Q. nossë and S. nos(s) appeared regularly in Tolkien’s later writings.

In The Etymologies of the 1930s Tolkien gave ᴹ√NŌ/ONO “beget” as an invertible root, with derivatives of the inverted form including ᴹQ. onta- “beget, create” and N. odhron “parent” (Ety/NŌ, ONO). The invertible root appeared regularly in Tolkien’s later writings, usually with the sense “beget” but in one place also glossed “be born” (PE17/170).

References ✧ PE17/26, 106-107, 111, 168-171; PE23/140; VT48/25; WJ/387, 413

Glosses

“beget” ✧ PE17/106 (ONO/NŌ); PE17/107 (ONO/NŌ); PE17/170 (ONO/NŌ); PE17/171 (ONO/NŌ); PE23/140 (ONO/NŌ); VT48/25 (on/no)
“beget, be born” ✧ PE17/170 (ON/NO)
“beget, give birth to” ✧ WJ/387 (ONO)

Variations

NŌ ✧ PE17/26; PE17/168
ONO/NŌ ✧ PE17/106; PE17/107; PE17/170; PE17/171; PE23/140
ONO ✧ PE17/111; WJ/387; WJ/413
NO/NŌ ✧ PE17/168
(o)nō ✧ PE17/169
ON/NO ✧ PE17/170; VT48/25

Derivatives

> ᴺQ. !nó “design”
> ᴺQ. nó- “to be born, ⚠️become”
⇒ ᴺQ. !onda “creation, work”
⇒ ᴺQ. !onya- “to be born, be begotten”
> ᴺS. !enia- “to be born, be generated, result”
> ✶nōrē “kindred, race” ✧ PE17/26; PE17/106; PE17/107; PE17/169; WJ/413
- ⇒ ✶Bali(a)nōrē “Valian folk” ✧ PE17/26; WJ/413
  - > Q. Valinórë “Land of the Valar” ✧ PE17/26; WJ/413
    - ⇒ Q. Nurtalë Valinóreva “the Hiding of Valinor” ✧ S/102
    - ⇒ Q. Yénië Valinóreo “Annals of Valinor” ✧ MR/200
- ⇒ Q. Endórë “Middle-earth, (lit.) Middle Land” ✧ PE17/26
  - ⇒ Q. Aran Endór “King of Middle-earth” ✧ MR/121
- > Q. nórë “land, country; †people, race, tribe” ✧ PE17/106; PE17/107; PE17/169; WJ/413
  - ⇒ 20 compounds
> ✶nōse “race, tribe, people” ✧ PE17/169
- > Q. nos(së) “kindred, family”
  - ⇒ [see above]
⇒ ✶wo-nōrē “twin-birth” ✧ PE23/140
- > S. gwanon “twin” ✧ PE23/140
  - ⇒ S. Haudh in Gwanûr “Grave-mound of the Twins” ✧ LotR/1054; PE23/140
⇒ Q. Apanónar “After-born” ✧ WJ/387
⇒ Q. Minyon “First-begotten”
> Q. #nóna “born”
- ⇒ 8 compounds
> Q. nos(së) “kindred, family” ✧ PE17/111
- ⇒ ᴺQ. !nossetur “patriarch, family head”
> Q. nosta- “to beget, be begotten” ✧ PE17/111; PE17/170
- ⇒ ᴺQ. nosta “birth, ⚠️birthday”
  - ⇒ ᴺQ. !Ennosta “Renaissance”
  - ⇒ ᴺQ. !Hristonosta “Christmas”
  - ⇒ ᴺQ. !nostarë “birthday”
- ⇒ ᴺQ. nostalë “species, kind, *type, sort; ⚠️nature”
- ⇒ Q. #nostar “parent, begetter” ✧ SD/73
  - ⇒ [see above]
> Q. #nostar “parent, begetter” ✧ PE17/111
- ⇒ ᴺQ. !nostarenca “orphaned, (lit.) parent-less”
> Q. onna “child” ✧ PE17/170; PE17/170
- ⇒ 7 compounds
> Q. onta- “to beget” ✧ PE17/170
- ⇒ ᴺQ. !enontië “rebirth, resurrection”
- ⇒ Q. ontalë “descent”
- ⇒ Q. ontavalië “puberty, *(lit.) able to beget”
> S. nos(s) “family, kindred, clan, house; race, tribe, people” ✧ PE17/169
- ⇒ ᴺS. gwanos “family, birth, heredity, *lineage”
- ⇒ S. Drúnos “a family of the Drû-folk”
- ⇒ S. Nost Finarfin “House of Finarfin” ✧ PM/360
- > Wes. nas “people” ✧ PM/320
  - ⇒ Wes. †tudnas ✧ PM/320
    - > Wes. tunas “guard” ✧ PM/320
> S. #onna- “*to birth, give birth to” ✧ WJ/387; WJ/387
- ⇒ ᴺS. !onnad “birth”
  - ⇒ ᴺS. !oronnad “birthday”
  - ⇒ ᴺS. !Rhistonnad “Christmas”
- ⇒ S. #onnen “born” ✧ WJ/387
  - ⇒ S. Abonnen “After-born” ✧ WJ/387; WJ/387

ᴹ√NŌ/ONO root. “beget”

See √NŌ/ONO for discussion.

References ✧ Ety/NDOR, NŌ, ONO, THEL, TOR; PE23/87

Glosses

“beget” ✧ Ety/NŌ (NŌ); Ety/ONO (ONO); PE23/87 (ONO/NŌ)

Variations

NŌ/ONO ✧ Ety/NDOR; Ety/THEL
NŌ ✧ Ety/NŌ; Ety/ONO; Ety/TOR
ONO ✧ Ety/NŌ; Ety/ONO
ONO/NŌ ✧ PE23/87

ONO ✧ Ety/NŌ
NŌ ✧ Ety/ONO

Derivatives

⇒ ᴹ✶ednōno “firstborn” ✧ EtyAC/NŌ
> ᴹ✶nō- “male”
- > ᴹQ. noa³ “male (of any kind)”
- > ᴹQ. noite “male, masculine” ✧ PE23/85
- > ᴹQ. noito “male (of any kind)”
> ᴹ✶onrō ✧ Ety/ONO
- > N. odhril “parent (f.)” ✧ Ety/ONO
- > N. odhron “parent” ✧ Ety/ONO
> ᴹ✶ontā́ro “begetter, parent” ✧ Ety/ONO
- > ᴹQ. ontaro “begetter, parent” ✧ Ety/ONO
  - ⇒ ᴺQ. !ontar “parent (gender neutral)”
⇒ ᴹ✶wanōrō “one of kin” ✧ Ety/TOR
- > ᴹQ. onóro “kinsman; brother” ✧ Ety/TOR
- > ON. wanūro “kinsman” ✧ Ety/TOR
  - > N. gwanur “kinsman, kinswoman” ✧ Ety/NŌ; Ety/TOR
    - ⇒ ᴺS. !gwanuren “of same kindred, akin”
> ᴹQ. noa³ “male (of any kind)” ✧ PE23/87
> ᴹQ. noite “male, masculine” ✧ PE23/87
> ᴹQ. nóre “land, country, region where certain people live; clan, race, folk, kindred” ✧ Ety/NDOR; Ety/NŌ
- ⇒ 16 compounds
> ᴹQ. nosse “clan, family, ‘house’” ✧ Ety/NŌ
- ⇒ ᴹQ. Estanosse “Firstborn”
> ᴹQ. onna “creature” ✧ Ety/ONO
⇒ ᴹQ. onóne “kinswoman; sister” ✧ Ety/NŌ; Ety/THEL
⇒ ᴹQ. onóro “kinsman; brother” ✧ Ety/NŌ
> ᴹQ. onta- “to beget, create” ✧ Ety/ONO
- ⇒ ᴹQ. ontale “descent”
> ᴹQ. ontare “begetter, parent (f.)” ✧ Ety/ONO
> N. noss “clan, family, ‘house’” ✧ Ety/NŌ
- ⇒ N. Nos Feanor “*House of Feanor” ✧ EtyAC/NŌ
- ⇒ N. Nos Finrod “House of Finrod” ✧ Ety/NŌ
- ⇒ N. Sethnoss “Firstborn, Elves” ✧ EtyAC/SET
> N. nûr¹ “race” ✧ Ety/NŌ
⇒ N. odhril “parent (f.)”
⇒ N. odhron “parent”
> N. onna- “?to beget, make born” ✧ Ety/ONO
- ⇒ N. edonna- “to beget” ✧ Ety/ONO
> N. ûn¹ “creature” ✧ Ety/ONO
> ON. #nūre ✧ Ety/THEL
- ⇒ ON. wanūre “kinswoman” ✧ Ety/THEL
  - > N. gwanur “kinsman, kinswoman” ✧ Ety/THEL
    - ⇒ ᴺS. !gwanuren “of same kindred, akin”
> ON. #nūro ✧ Ety/NŌ
- ⇒ ON. wanūro “kinsman” ✧ Ety/NŌ
  - > N. gwanur “kinsman, kinswoman” ✧ Ety/NŌ; Ety/TOR
    - ⇒ ᴺS. !gwanuren “of same kindred, akin”

ᴱ√NŌ root. “become, be born”

See √NŌ/ONO for discussion.

References ✧ LT1A/Valinor; QL/66

Glosses

“become, be born” ✧ LT1A/Valinor; QL/66

NŌ “become, be born” distinguish from noho ✧ QL/66
ndore may be confused with NŌ “become, be born”

Derivatives

> ᴱQ. nó- “to be born, become” ✧ QL/66
> ᴱQ. nóre “(native) land, nation, family, country” ✧ LT1A/Valinor; QL/66
- ⇒ 11 compounds
> ᴱQ. nosse “folk, kin, people” ✧ LT1A/Valinor; QL/66
- ⇒ ᴱQ. Aulenosse “Kindred of Aulë” ✧ LT1A/Aulenossë; LT1A/Valinor
- ⇒ ᴱQ. Eanosse “People of the Eagles”
- ⇒ ᴱQ. Nosse Tuilinda “*People of Tuilindo” ✧ LT2A/Duilin
> ᴱQ. nosta “birth, birthday” ✧ LT1A/Valinor; QL/66
> ᴱQ. nosta- “to give birth to; to cause” ✧ LT1A/Valinor; QL/66
- ⇒ ᴱQ. nostale “species, kind; nature” ✧ LT1A/Valinor; QL/66
> G. nos “kin, people”
- ⇒ G. Nos Duilin “*People of Duilin” ✧ LT2A/Duilin
- ⇒ G. Nos Galdon “People of Galdor” ✧ LT2A/Duilin
- ⇒ G. Nos nan Alwen “men of the tree” ✧ LT2A/Duilin
> G. nôs “birthday; nature”
- ⇒ 5 compounds
> G. nost “birth; blood, high birth; birthday”
- ⇒ G. nosteg “birth” ✧ GL/61
- ⇒ G. Nost-na-Lothion “Birth of Flowers” ✧ LT2A/Duilin
> G. nosta- “to be born”
> G. nothri “family, kinship”
- ⇒ G. gonothri(n) “of same kindred” ✧ GL/61
> G. nothrin “highborn noble”
> G. nuin “born”