Eldamo : Primitive Elvish : MAT

√MAT root. “eat”

√MAT root. “eat”

This was the root for eating words for all of Tolkien’s life, appearing very regularly. It was ᴱ√MATA “eat” in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s (QL/59), ᴹ√MAT “eat” in The Etymologies of the 1930s (Ety/MAT), and √MAT “eat” in etymological notes from the late 1960s (VT48/26), among its many other appearances. This puts it among the most conceptually stable of Elvish roots.

References ✧ PE18/85, 87-88, 95; PE22/136; VT39/5, 7, 11; VT48/26

Glosses

“eat” ✧ PE18/85; PE18/95; VT39/5 (mata); VT48/26; PE18/87 (MAT)

Variations

MAT ✧ PE18/85; PE18/95; PE22/136; VT39/11; VT48/26; PE18/88 (MAT); PE18/85 (MAT); PE18/87 (MAT)
mata ✧ VT39/5; VT39/7

Derivatives

⇒ ^ᴺ✶womātē “*community, (lit.) eating-together”
- > ᴺS. ^govod “companionship, living together; community, fellowship, *(orig.) eating-together”
> ᴺS. mâd “meal”
- ⇒ ᴺS. !amorvad “breakfast”
- ⇒ ᴺS. !dúvad “supper, dinner”
- ⇒ ᴺS. !nedhwad “lunch, (lit.) middle-meal”
> ᴺS. mast “fodder, feed, ⚠️food, nourishment”
> ᴺS. math “food”
> ✶ammat- “to devour, eat up” ✧ PE18/85; PE18/88
> ✶amtā ✧ PE18/85; PE18/87
- > Q. anta “jaw” ✧ PE18/85
> ✶maita- “to feed” ✧ PE18/95
> ✶mammata- “to gobble up, devour” ✧ PE22/136
- > Q. mammata- “to gobble up; to go on eating, gorge oneself”
> ✶masta- “to feed up, fatten” ✧ PE18/95
- > ᴺS. masta- “to [put to] feed, graze”
> ✶mat- “to eat”
- ⇒ ✶aumata- “to eat away, corrode” ✧ PE22/136
- ⇒ ✶matnā “eaten”
  - > ᴺS. mann “food”
  - > Q. matta “food” ✧ PE22/136
    - ⇒ ᴺQ. !celvamatta “animal food”
    - ⇒ ᴺQ. !laimamatta “vegetable food, (lit.) plant food”
    - ⇒ ᴺQ. !lissimatta “sweet, piece of confectionary”
- ⇒ ✶matulā “edacious”
- ⇒ ✶matˢtimā “edible”
  - > Q. mastima “edible” ✧ PE22/137
- > Q. mat- “to eat” ✧ PE22/132; PE22/157
  - ⇒ 11 compounds
- > S. #mad- “to eat” ✧ PE17/131; PE17/131
  - ⇒ ᴺS. !madui “edible”
  - ⇒ S. madweg “gluttonous”
- > T. mat- “to eat”
> ✶matwā
- > S. maud “[unglossed]” ✧ PE17/148; PE17/148
> ✶matyā- “to feed”
- > ᴺQ. !matya- “to feed”
- > ᴺS. !media- “to feed”
> Q. anto “mouth”
- ⇒ ᴺQ. !antolatta “bridle, (lit.) mouth-strap”
> Q. maita “hungry” ✧ VT39/11
- ⇒ ᴺQ. !maitië “hunger”
> Q. mat- “to eat” ✧ VT39/7
- ⇒ 11 compounds

ᴹ√MAT root. “eat”

See √MAT for discussion.

References ✧ Ety/LIS, MAT, MOR; EtyAC/MAT; PE18/46, 61-62; PE22/93, 102

Glosses

“eat” ✧ Ety/MAT; PE18/46; PE18/61; PE18/62; PE22/102; PE22/93 (MAT); EtyAC/MAT (MAT)

Derivatives

> ᴹ✶ammat- “to devour” ✧ PE18/61
> ᴹ✶amtā “jaws, animal’s mouth” ✧ PE18/62
⇒ ᴹ✶madlī “honey-eater” ✧ Ety/LIS
- > N. megli “bear, (lit.) honey-eater” ✧ Ety/LIS
  - ⇒ [see above]
> ᴹ✶maita- “to feed” ✧ PE18/46
> ᴹ✶mat- “to eat”
- ⇒ ᴹ✶ōmata- “to eat away, devour, corrode”
- > ᴹQ. mat- “to eat” ✧ PE22/94
  - ⇒ 13 compounds
- > ᴹT. mat- “to eat”
> ᴹ✶matna “food” ✧ EtyAC/MAT
- > N. mann “food” ✧ EtyAC/MAT
> ᴹQ. mat “food, meal”
- ⇒ 7 compounds
> ᴹQ. mat- “to eat” ✧ Ety/MAT; EtyAC/MAT; PE22/102
- ⇒ 13 compounds
> N. mad- “to eat” ✧ Ety/MAT; EtyAC/MAT
- ⇒ N. megli “bear, (lit.) honey-eater”
  - ⇒ [see above]
⇒ N. megli “bear, (lit.) honey-eater” ✧ Ety/MAT; EtyAC/MAT
- ⇒ N. meglin “*bear-like” ✧ Ety/LIS
  - ⇒ N. Meglin
- ⇒ N. meglivorn “blackbear” ✧ Ety/LIS; EtyAC/LIS; EtyAC/MAT; EtyAC/MAT
⇒ N. meglivorn “blackbear” ✧ Ety/MOR

ᴱ√MATA root. “eat”

See √MAT for discussion.

References ✧ GL/44; QL/31, 59

Glosses

“eat” ✧ QL/59

Variations

MATA ✧ QL/31; QL/59
mat ✧ GL/44

Derivatives

> ᴱN. ant “face, front, forward surface”
- ⇒ ᴱN. annas “face, countenance” ✧ PE13/137; PE13/160
- ⇒ ᴱN. athra- “to face, look in a certain direction, oppose” ✧ PE13/160
  - ⇒ ᴱN. enne(i)rion “adversary, rival” ✧ PE13/160
> ᴱ✶mat- “to eat”
- > ᴱQ. mata- “to eat” ✧ PE14/58; PE14/58; PE14/70; PE14/70
  - ⇒ 9 compounds
- > G. mad- “to eat”
> ᴱ✶mtā “cheek”
- > ᴱQ. anta “cheek; jaw(s)” ✧ GL/19; PE12/26
- > G. ant “cheek; face” ✧ GL/19
⇒ ᴱ✶ŋwa·mat “*community, (lit.) eating-together” ✧ GL/44
- > G. gomod “companionship, living together; community, fellowship” ✧ GL/44
  - ⇒ G. gomodril “companion, associate, fellow (f.); nun” ✧ GL/41
  - ⇒ G. gomodron “companion, associate, fellow; monk” ✧ GL/41
> ᴱQ. anto “jaw” ✧ QL/31
> ᴱQ. maqar “jaw” ✧ QL/60
> ᴱQ. mat “meal, meal time” ✧ QL/59
> ᴱQ. mata- “to eat” ✧ QL/59
- ⇒ 9 compounds
> ᴱQ. matl “food” ✧ QL/59
- ⇒ ᴱQ. koisimatl “animal food” ✧ QL/59
- ⇒ ᴱQ. lausimatl “vegetable food” ✧ QL/59
> ᴱQ. matsa “good to eat, nice” ✧ QL/59
> ᴱQ. matu “the mouth (inside)” ✧ QL/59
> G. mâd “meal”
- ⇒ G. maudrimad “breakfast”
⇒ G. madri “food, edibles; a meal”
- ⇒ G. authmadri “midday meal” ✧ GL/20
- ⇒ G. haimadri “lunch, food in morning, elevens” ✧ GL/47
- ⇒ G. madrin “edible, fit for food, wholesome” ✧ GL/56