N. helf n. “fur” (Category: Fur)
A noun in The Etymologies of the 1930s glossed “fur” appearing beside N. heleth “fur, fur-coat”, both derived from the root ᴹ√SKEL (Ety/SKEL). Since N. helf seems to be the cognate of ᴹQ. helma “skin, fell”, I believe helf refers to both skin and fur together and hence = “*hide”, whereas heleth refers to just the fur itself.
Conceptual Development: Various rejected forms appeared in The Etymologies, including halath “skin, fell” from an earlier version the root ᴹ√SKAL, revised to helath “skin, fell” before being deleted (EtyAC/SKEL). Possible precursors include ᴱN. gwadh “bark, skin, peel” vs. ᴱT. suada “hide” (PE13/146), and G. dafros “bark, skin, peel” (GL/29); see those entries for details.
References ✧ Ety/SKEL; EtyAC/SKEL
Glosses
Variations
Changes
Derivations
Phonetic Developments
| ᴹ✶skelmā > helf | [skelmā] > [skelma] > [sxelma] > [xelma] > [xelm] > [helm] > [helv] | ✧ Ety/SKEL |
| ᴹ√SKEL > helath | [skelatta] > [skelattʰa] > [skelaθθa] > [sxelaθθa] > [xelaθθa] > [xelaθθ] > [helaθθ] > [helaθ] | ✧ EtyAC/SKEL |
N. halath n. “skin, fell”
References ✧ EtyAC/SKEL
Glosses
Variations
Changes
Inflections
| heleth | plural | ✧ EtyAC/SKEL |
Element In
Derivations
Phonetic Developments
| ᴹ√SKAL > ?halath | [skalatta] > [skalattʰa] > [skalaθθa] > [sxalaθθa] > [xalaθθa] > [xalaθθ] > [halaθθ] > [halaθ] | ✧ EtyAC/SKEL |
| ᴹ√SKAL > heleth | [skalatti] > [skalattʰi] > [skalaθθi] > [sxalaθθi] > [xalaθθi] > [xeleθθi] > [xeleθθ] > [halaθθ] > [halaθ] | ✧ EtyAC/SKEL |
ᴱN. gwadh n. “bark, skin, peel” (Category: Skin, Hide)
This word appeared as gwath {“field” >>} “bark” in Early Noldorin Grammar of the 1920s (PE13/120). This form also appeared in Noldorin Word-lists of the 1920s, but it was deleted and replaced by gwadh “bark, skin, peel” as a derivative of ᴱ✶(s)wada (PE13/146).
References ✧ PE13/120-121, 146, 156
Glosses
Variations
Related
Changes
Inflections
| i·ngwaith | nasal-mutation plural; gw-mutation | ✧ PE13/121 | |
| i·ngwathir | nasal-mutation plural; gw-mutation | ✧ PE13/120 | |
| gwaidh | plural | ✧ PE13/146 | |
| i·wath | soft-mutation; gw-mutation | ✧ PE13/120 | |
| #wadh | soft-mutation; gw-mutation | “bark” | ✧ PE13/156 |
| o·gwath | stop-mutation; gw-mutation | ✧ PE13/120 | |
| †o·wath | stop-mutation; gw-mutation | ✧ PE13/120 |
Element In
Cognates
Derivations
G. dafros n. “bark, skin, peel” (Category: Skin, Hide)
A noun in the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “bark, skin, peel”, related to the verb G. daf- “strip, flay, peel skin” (GL/29). In Gnomish Lexicon Slips modifying that document, Tolkien instead gave {daus >>} dâf “bark” (PE13/112).
References ✧ GL/29; PE13/112
Glosses
Variations
Changes
Elements
| daf- | “to strip, flay, peel skin” | ✧ GL/29 |
| #-os¹ | “abstract noun” | ✧ GL/29 (#-os) |