Eldamo : Quenya : Avar

Q. Avar pn. “Refuser, Elf who did not journey to Aman” (Category: Elf, Fairy)

Q. Avar, pn. “Refuser, Elf who did not journey to Aman” (Category: Elf, Fairy)

The Elves who refused to journey to Aman, an agental formation of the ancient verb ava-¹ “to refuse” with the common agental suffix -r(o) (VT47/13, WJ/371). This name most frequently appeared in its plural form Avari referring to this entire people (S/52).

Conceptual Development: The name ᴹQ. Avar(o) first appeared in plural form in Tolkien’s linguistic notes from the 1930s with the gloss “The Departing”, and referred to those elves who left Middle-earth, whereas those who remained were referred to by the earlier name the ᴹQ. Lembi “Lingerers” (LR/169-170). Tolkien soon revised this name to refer to the Elves who remained behind, effectively replacing the term Lembi (LR/200). This name appeared in The Etymologies with essentially the same derivation as given above (Ety/AB).

References ✧ LT1I/Avari; LT2I/Avari; MRI/Avari; PE17/139, 143; PE18/72; PM/29; PMI/Avari; S/52; SI/Avari; SMI/Avari; UTI/Avari; VT47/13, 24; WJ/371, 380; WJI/Abari, Avari

Glosses

“Elf who refused to join the westward march” ✧ WJ/371
“recusant, one who says no, a refuser” ✧ PE17/143
“refuser” ✧ VT47/13; VT47/24

Variations

avar ✧ PE17/139; PE17/143; PMI/Avari; VT47/13; VT47/24; WJ/371; WJI/Avari

Avamanyar “those who did not go to Aman because they would not” is an equivalent of Avari ✧ WJ/370

Inflections

Avari	plural		✧ LT1I/Avari; LT2I/Avari; PE17/143; PE18/72; PM/29; SMI/Avari; UTI/Avari; WJ/371; WJ/371; WJ/380; WJI/Abari; WJI/Avari
Avari	plural	“The Unwilling”	✧ MRI/Avari; S/52
Avari	plural	“the Refusers”	✧ PMI/Avari
Avari	plural	“The Unwilling, the Refusers”	✧ SI/Avari
avari	plural		✧ PE17/139

Elements

ava-¹	“to refuse, forbid”
#-r(o)	“agental suffix”	✧ WJ/371 (#-r)

Element In

Q. Avarin “language(s) of the Avari, *of the Avari”

Cognates

S. †Avar “Refuser” ✧ PE17/139 (gavar); VT47/24; WJ/380 (†Evair)
T. Abar “Dark Elf; (lit.) Refuser” ✧ VT47/24; WJ/380 (Abari); WJI/Abari (Abari); WJI/Avari (Abari)

Derivations

< ✶abar(o) “refuser, recusant, one who refuses to act as advised or commanded” ✧ VT47/13 (abar); VT47/24 (abar); WJ/371 (abar); WJ/380 (Abarī)
- < √BĀ/ABA “refuse, forbid, prohibit, say nay (in refusal or denial)” ✧ WJ/361 (ABA); WJ/411 (ABA)
  - < abaro < ABA ✧ WJ/411
< √BĀ/ABA “refuse, forbid, prohibit, say nay (in refusal or denial)” ✧ PE17/143 (ABA)

Phonetic Developments

√ABA > avar

[abaro] > [abar] > [aβar] > [avar]

✧ PE17/143

ᴹQ. Avar(o) pn. “Refuser, One who does not go forth”

See Q. Avar for discussion.

References ✧ Ety/AB; LR/170, 200, 214; LRI/Avari; PE18/24; WRI/Avari

Glosses

“Refuser, One who does not go forth” ✧ Ety/AB (Avar/Avaro)

Variations

Avar/Avaro ✧ Ety/AB

Changes

Avari “Elves who left Middle-earth” >> Avari “Elves who never left Middle-earth or began the march” ✧ Ety/AB

Inflections

Avari	plural	“Elves who never left Middle-earth or began the march”	✧ Ety/AB
Avari	plural	“Elves who left Middle-earth”	✧ Ety/AB
Avari	plural	“The Departing”	✧ LR/170
Avari	plural	“non-Eldarin”	✧ LR/200
Avari	plural	“The Unwilling”	✧ LR/214; WRI/Avari
Avari	plural		✧ LRI/Avari; PE18/24

Element In

ᴹQ. Avarin “language(s) of the Avari”

Cognates

N. Afor “Refuser, an Elf who did not journey to Aman” ✧ Ety/AB; Ety/AB (Efuir/Efyr)
ON. abōro “refuser, one who does not go forth” ✧ Ety/AB

Derivations

< ᴹ✶abāro “refuser, one who does not go forth” ✧ Ety/AB (ábārō̆)
- < ᴹ√ABAR “*refuser” ✧ Ety/AB

Phonetic Developments

ᴹ✶ábārō̆ > Avar/Avaro

[abāro] > [abār] > [aβār] > [aβar] > [avar]

✧ Ety/AB