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Q. talta- v. (talat-stem) “to slip, slide down, collapse, fall” (Category: to Fall)

Q. talta-, v. (talat-stem) “to slip, slide down, collapse, fall, [ᴹQ.] slip down, ⚠️slope” (Category: to Fall)
ᴱQ. talta- “to lade, burden, load charge; to enjoin; to oppress, weigh down”

A verb derived from the root √TALAT, with various glosses like “slip, slide down, collapse” (MC/223), “slope, slip, slide down” (Ety/TALÁT), or “slip, fall” (PE22/113). In the Markirya poem of the 1960s it was translated “fall(ing)” in the phrase elenillor pella talta-taltala “beyond the stars falling”, but this seems to be a loose translation since in the glossary of the poem talta- was translated “slip, slide down, collapse” (MC/222-223). However, in Late Notes on Verb Structure (LVS) written in 1969, talta was simply glossed “fall” (PE22/164).

Tolkien used this verb as the primary example for the class of talat-stem verbs.

Conceptual Development: The Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s had a similar but transitive verb ᴱQ. tilt- “make slope, incline (tr.), decline, shake at foundations, make totter, etc.” under the early root ᴱ√TḶTḶ (QL/80). Its past tense form talte is the result of differing phonetic developments for long ḹ vs. short ḷ in Early Qenya.

References ✧ MC/222-223; PE17/186; PE18/88; PE22/134, 164

Glosses

Variations

Changes

Inflections

talasta ?   ✧ PE22/164
talatta ?   ✧ PE22/164
talatya ?   ✧ PE22/164
taltala active-participle “falling” ✧ MC/222
talati- aorist   ✧ PE17/186
talt- aorist   ✧ PE17/186
talta aorist   ✧ PE17/186: weak transitive conjugation
taltan aorist 1st-sg   ✧ PE22/164
taltuva future   ✧ PE22/164
taltuva- future   ✧ PE22/134
talta infinitive “falling” ✧ MC/222
talante past; half-strong-past   ✧ PE17/186; PE22/164
talante past “slipped, slid” ✧ PE18/88
taltane past   ✧ PE17/186: weak transitive conjugation
atalantie perfect; reformed-perfect   ✧ PE22/164
atalatie perfect   ✧ PE22/164
ataltie perfect   ✧ PE17/186
talta present   ✧ PE17/186
†taltaya present “fall” ✧ PE22/164
taltea present   ✧ PE17/186: weak transitive conjugation
taltea present   ✧ PE22/164
talatan present 1st-sg   ✧ PE22/164

Elements

✶-tā “verb suffix (transitive), causative” ✧ PE17/186 (-ta)

Element In

Cognates

Derivations

Phonetic Developments

✶talatā > talta [talatā] > [taltā] > [talta] ✧ PE17/186
✶tal’ti- > talt- [talati] > [talti] ✧ PE17/186
✶atā̆latie > ataltie [atālatie] > [ataltie] ✧ PE17/186
✶taltăyā > taltea [taltajā] > [taltea] ✧ PE17/186
✶talta > taltuva- [talatuva] > [taltuva] ✧ PE22/134

ᴹQ. talta- v. (talat-stem) “to slope, slip (down), slide down, fall” (Category: to Fall)

See Q. talta- for discussion.

References ✧ Ety/TALÁT; LR/72; PE18/35; PE22/111, 113-115

Glosses

Variations

Inflections

taltea active-participle “insecure” ✧ PE22/111
taltea active-participle   ✧ PE22/114
talta aorist   ✧ PE22/114
taltuva future   ✧ PE22/115
taltare gerund   ✧ PE22/114
taltie gerund   ✧ PE22/114
taltalya imperfect-participle   ✧ PE22/115
taltalyar imperfect-participle plural “are [slipping down]” ✧ PE22/115
taltana passive-participle   ✧ PE22/114
talante past; half-strong-past “was slipping down” ✧ PE18/35
talante past; half-strong-past   ✧ PE22/115
taltane past   ✧ PE22/115
talantie past stative; half-strong-past “He is fallen” ✧ LR/72

Element In

Cognates

Derivations

Phonetic Developments

ᴹ√TALÁT > talta- [talta-] ✧ Ety/TALÁT
ᴹ√TALÁT > talta- [talta-] ✧ Ety/TALÁT
ᴹ√TLAT > talante [talante] ✧ PE18/35

ᴱQ. tilt- v. “to make slope, incline (tr.), decline, shake at foundations, make totter” (Category: to Fall)

See Q. talta- for discussion.

References ✧ QL/93

Glosses

Variations

Inflections

talte past ✧ QL/93

Element In

Derivations

Phonetic Developments

ᴱ√TḶTḶ > tilt- [tḷt-] > [tilt-] ✧ QL/93
ᴱ√TḶTḶ > talte [tḹte-] > [talte-] ✧ QL/93