Q. cen- v. (basic-verb) “to see, behold, look” (Category: to See)

Q. cen-, v. (basic-verb) “to see, behold, look, *perceive” (Category: to See)

ᴹQ. cenya- “to see”

ᴱQ. véla “to see”

References ✧ CPT/1296; MC/221-222; PE17/94; PE22/155; PE23/134; VT47/31

Glosses

• “see, behold” ✧ MC/222 (ken-)

Variations

• ken- ✧ MC/222

Related

• yé “lo, now see!” = kena “see!” ✧ VT47/31

Inflections

kene	aorist	“look”	✧ PE17/94
kenuva	future	“shall see”	✧ MC/221; MC/222; MC/222
kena	imperative	“see!”	✧ VT47/31
añkénie	intensive gerund	“sharper, closer, more attentively, better, more closely”	✧ PE17/94
kenne	past	“saw”	✧ PE23/134
ekkennen	past 1st-sg	“I saw”	✧ CPT/1296
kennen	past 1st-sg	“I saw”	✧ PE22/155

Element In

• ᴺQ. !ascénië “obviously, *(lit.) easily seen”
• ᴺQ. !cénë “sight”
• ᴺQ. !cénelóra “blind”
• ᴺQ. !cennome “point of view, vista”
• Q. á cenë ancénië “look sharper, closer, more attentively, better, more closely” ✧ PE17/94
• Q. á cenë ancénië “look sharper, closer, more attentively, better, more closely” ✧ PE17/94
• Q. #cen “sight”
• Q. #cenda “inspection, reading”
• Q. cénima “visible”
• Q. cenítë “seeing, *able to see”
• Q. #cenya “*seeing”
• Q. man cenuva lumbor ahosta? “Who shall see the clouds gather?” ✧ MC/222; MC/222
• Q. man cenuva métim’ andúnë? “Who shall see the last evening?” ✧ MC/222; MC/222
• Q. ai! löar yassen palantírienyë andavanwë yárier “ah years in which looking far away I saw ages long-passed” ✧ CPT/1296
• Q. Coiviénenessë cennë Eldali liltalar “at the Water of Awakening (he) saw Elves dancing” ✧ PE23/134
• Q. ^man cenuva fána cirya? “Who shall see a white ship?” ✧ MC/221
• Q. tas cennen nótimë eldali “I saw a few elves there” ✧ PE22/155

Cognates

• S. #cen- “to see, perceive, look”

Derivations

• < √KEN “see, perceive, note”

ᴹQ. #ken- v. (basic-verb) “to see” (Category: to See)

References ✧ PE22/103, 124; PE23/92, 99, 102, 108

Glosses

• “saw” ✧ PE23/99 (kenne)

Variations

• kenne ✧ PE23/92; PE23/99

Related

• #ken- “to see” might instead be kenya- “to see”

Inflections

kenne	past		✧ PE22/103
kenne	past	“saw”	✧ PE22/103
kenne	past	“saw”	✧ PE23/102
kenner	past plural	“saw”	✧ PE22/124
ekennie	perfect; reformed-perfect		✧ PE22/103
ekénie	perfect		✧ PE22/103
ekēnie	perfect	“has ... seen”	✧ PE23/108

Element In

• ᴹQ. kénima “visible, able to be seen”
• ᴹQ. malli yēni ista/ekēnie Túro “how many years knows/has Túro seen” ✧ PE23/108
• ᴹQ. manar i·ennor/lie i me·kenner “who (are or were) the persons/people that we saw?” ✧ PE22/124
• ᴹQ. ni·kenne allane umma “I saw nobody at all” ✧ PE23/99
• ᴹQ. nikenne karnietta ye mírindanet/s “*I saw its redness and admired it” ✧ PE23/92
• ᴹQ. tasse ni·kenne laqe imma “there I saw nobody whatsoever” ✧ PE23/102

Derivations

• < ᴹ√KEN¹ “see, perceive, look at, observe, direct gaze” ✧ PE22/103

Phonetic Developments

ᴹ√KEN > kenne

[kenne]

✧ PE22/103

ᴱQ. kili- v. “to see, heed” (Category: to See)

References ✧ MC/213-214, 220-221; PE16/56-57, 60, 62, 72, 74-75, 77

Glosses

• “see” ✧ PE16/75
• “see a dropping tear, have tears in the eyes” ✧ PE16/75 (kili- nie (nienaite))

Variations

• kili- ✧ PE16/75
• kili- nie (nienaite) ✧ PE16/75

Changes

• killer >> kílier ✧ PE16/56
• kílier >> kildo ✧ PE16/56

Inflections

kilde	aorist 3rd-sg-fem		✧ MC/221; PE16/72; PE16/74
kilde	aorist 3rd-sg-fem	“gazed”	✧ PE16/62
Kildo	aorist 3rd-sg-masc	“one saw”	✧ MC/220
kildo	aorist 3rd-sg-masc		✧ PE16/56; PE16/57; PE16/60; PE16/60; PE16/72; PE16/74
kildo	aorist 3rd-sg-masc	“he saw”	✧ PE16/62
kiluva	future	“shall see”	✧ MC/213; MC/214; MC/214
kiluva	future	“shall heed”	✧ MC/213
kilivande	future 3rd-sg-fem		✧ PE16/77
kiluvando	future 3rd-sg-masc		✧ PE16/77
killer	past impersonal		✧ PE16/56
kílier	past impersonal		✧ PE16/56

Element In

• ᴱQ. karnevaite úri kilde hísen níe nienaite “amid the red skies the Sun with wet eyes dropped tears of mist” ✧ MC/221; PE16/62; PE16/72; PE16/74
• ᴱQ. hui oilima man kiluva “Who shall see the last evening?” ✧ MC/214
• ᴱQ. karnevaite úri kilivande hísen nie nie nienaite “*red-skied the sun will gaze through a haze of tears” ✧ PE16/77
• ᴱQ. kildo kirya ninqe “a white ship one saw” ✧ MC/220; PE16/56; PE16/57; PE16/60; PE16/62; PE16/72; PE16/74
• ᴱQ. kildo kirya noiko ✧ PE16/60
• ᴱQ. man kiluva kirya ninqe? “Who shall see a white ship?” ✧ MC/213; MC/213
• ᴱQ. man kiluva lómi sangane? “Who shall see the clouds gather?” ✧ MC/214
• ᴱQ. máno kiluvando ninqe lutya kirya wilwarindon “*who shall see a white ship sailing like a butterfly” ✧ PE16/77

ᴱQ. sehta- v. “to see” (Category: to See)

References ✧ QL/82

Glosses

• “to see” ✧ QL/82

Variations

• sehta ✧ QL/82

Inflections

sie

past

✧ QL/82

Cognates

• G. thê- “to see”

Derivations

• < ᴱ√ÞEHE “*see” ✧ QL/82 (SEHE); QL/82 (SEHE)
  • < sēχı̯ǝ < SEHE ✧ QL/82

Phonetic Developments

ᴱ√SEHE > sehta	[θexta-] > [sexta-]	✧ QL/82
ᴱ√SEHE > sēχı̯ǝ > sie	[θēxjǝ] ? [sie]	✧ QL/82