Q. ar- pref. “by-, beside, near” (Category: Near)

Q. ar-, pref. “by-, beside, near; ⚠️[ᴹQ.] outside” (Category: Near)

References ✧ PE17/71, 169; VT42/17

Glosses

• “beside” ✧ VT42/17
• “by” ✧ PE17/169
• “by-” ✧ PE17/71
• “near, by, beside” ✧ PE17/169 (ar-)

Elements

ar(a)

“beside, next [to]; out”

Element In

• ᴺQ. !aranta- “to turn over, (lit.) give by”
• ᴺQ. ^arcólima “equivalent, (lit.) beside-bear-able”
• ᴺQ. ^arë “beside, along, near”
• ᴺQ. !armen- “to accompany”
• ᴺQ. !arosto “suburb(s), suburbia, outskirts (of city, town)”
• Q. Araman “Outside Aman, *Beside Aman”
• Q. armaro “*neighbor”
• Q. Arvernien “Land(s) beside the Verna” ✧ PE17/71
• Q. astarindo “bystander; supporter” ✧ PE17/71
• Q. astarmo “bystander; witness” ✧ PE17/71
• S. Arnen “Beside the Water” ✧ VT42/17

Cognates

• S. ar- “without; by; **beside” ✧ PE17/169 (ar-); PE17/169

Derivations

• < √ÑAR “by, beside, near” ✧ PE17/169 (ÑAR); PE17/169
• < ✶ad(a) “and, alongside” ✧ PE17/71 (ad(ă)/ad)
  • < √AD(A) “by (the side of), beside, alongside; against, opposed to, opposite” ✧ PE17/71 (ADA)

Phonetic Developments

✶ad(ă)/ad > ar-	[ad-] > [að-] > [ar-]	✧ PE17/71
√ÑAR > ar-	[ŋar-] > [ar-]	✧ PE17/169
√ÑAR > ar-	[ŋar-] > [ar-]	✧ PE17/169

ᴹQ. ar- pref. “outside, beside” (Category: Out, Outside)

Reference ✧ Ety/AR² ✧ “outside, beside”

Element In

• ᴹQ. Arvalin “Outside Valinor” ✧ Ety/AR²

Cognates

• Ilk. ar- “outside, beside” ✧ Ety/AR²
• N. ar-¹ “outside, beside; without” ✧ Ety/AR²

Derivations

• < ᴹ√AR² “beside, outside” ✧ Ety/AR²

Phonetic Developments

ᴹ√AR² > ar-

[ar-]

✧ Ety/AR²