Early Primitive Elvish Phonetics

Phonemes

  p-series t-series c-series k-series q-series
voiceless-explosives [p] [t] [tʲ] ‹ty, ky› [k] [kʷ] ‹kw, q›
voiced-explosives [b] [d] [dʲ] ‹dy› [g] [gʷ] ‹gw›
voiceless-spirants [ɸ] ‹f› [θ] ‹þ› [θʲ] ‹χ̑, þy› [x] ‹h, χ› [xʷ] ‹xw, ƕ›
voiced-spirants [β] ‹v, ƀ› [ð] ‹đ, ř› [ðʲ] ‹ʒ̑, zy› [ɣ] ‹ʒ› [ɣʷ] ‹ʒw›
nasals [m] [n] [nʲ] ‹ny, ñ› [ŋ] [ŋʷ] ‹nw›
nasalized-explosives [mb] [nd] [ndʲ] ‹ndy› [ŋg] [ŋgʷ] ‹ngw›
other-phonemes [l] [r] [s] [z] [j] ‹y, ı̯› [w] ‹w, u̯›

vowels [u] [o] [a] [e] [i] [ḷ] [ṛ] [ṇ] ?[ṣ]
long-vowels [ū] [ō] [ā] [ē] [ī] [ḹ] [ṝ] [ṇ̄] ?[ṣ̄]
diphthongs [ui] [oi] [ai] [ei] [iu] [ou] [au] [eu]
others [ǝ] [ǣ]

Phonetic Groups

Phonetic Rules

final [ai] became [ī] [-ai] > [-ī]
final [l], [r], [n] became syllabic after a consonant [-C{lrn}] > [-C{ḷṛṇ}]
initial nasalized voiced stops reduced to stops [{ŋgʷ|ŋg|nd|ndʲ|mb}-] > [{gʷ|g|d|dʲ|b}-]
[kʷu] became [ku] [kʷu] > [ku]
voiced stops became nasals before nasals [{bdg}{mn}] > [{mnŋ}{mn}]
voiced stops unvoiced before voiceless consonants [{bdg}{ptks}] > [{ptk}{ptks}]
intervocalic [l] may have had different developments by position [] > [] 00100
nasals assimilated to following consonant [{mnŋ}{pb}|{mnŋ}{td}|{mnŋ}{kg}] > [m{pb}|n{td}|ŋ{kg}] 00200
short final [e], [a], [o] became [ǝ] [-S{ĕăŏ}] > [-Sǝ] 00300
final [ǝ] vanished [-ǝ] > [-ø] 00400
final [j], [w] became [i], [u] [-{jw}] > [-{iu}] 00500
short final [i], [u] became [e], [o] [-{ĭŭ}] > [-{eo}] 00600
long vowels shortened before consonant groups and in diphthongs [V̄CC|V̄V] > [V̆CC|V̆V] 00700

Other

consonants