ᴹAQ. voiced stops became nasals before nasals; [{bdg}{mnŋ}] > [{mnŋ}{mnŋ}]
References ✧ PE19/43, 45, 47
Order (02500)
| After | 01700 | [n], [m] became [t], [w] after aspirates | ||
| Before | 03000 | voiced stops became spirants except after nasals and liquids | ||
| Before | 00100 | ᴹQ. [nm], [ŋm] became [nw], [ŋgw] |
Phonetic Rule Elements
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✧ PE19/50 (bm > mm) |
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✧ PE19/50 (bn > mn) |
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✧ PE19/50 (dm > nm) |
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✧ PE19/50 (dn > nn) |
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✧ PE19/50 (gm > ñm) |
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Phonetic Rule Examples
| nabma > namma | bm > mm | √NAP > Q. namma | ✧ VT47/20 |
| dubna > dumna | bn > mn | ᴹ√DUB > ᴹQ. lumna | ✧ Ety/DUB |
| dubna- > dumna- | bn > mn | ᴹ√DUB > ᴹQ. lumna- | ✧ Ety/DUB |
| kjelebna > kjelemna | bn > mn | ᴹ√KYÉLEP > ᴹQ. telemna | ✧ Ety/KYELEP |
| lebnar > lemnar | bn > mn | ᴹ✶lepenar > ᴹQ. lemnar | ✧ Ety/LEP |
| sabnā > samnā | bn > mn | ✶sapnā > Q. samna | ✧ PE19/86 |
| tubnā > tumnā | bn > mn | ᴹ✶tubnā > ᴹQ. tumna | ✧ Ety/TUB |
| θabnē > θamnē | bn > mn | ᴹ✶stabnē > ᴹQ. samna | ✧ Ety/STAB |
| θabnō > θamnō | bn > mn | ᴹ✶stabnō > ᴹQ. samno | ✧ Ety/STAB |
| -ubne > -umne | bn > mn | ᴹ√UB > ᴹQ. †umne | ✧ VT48/32 |
| utubno > utumno | bn > mn | ✶Utupnŭ > Q. Utumno | ✧ MR/69 |
| utubno > utumno | bn > mn | ᴹ✶Utubnu > ᴹQ. Utumno | ✧ Ety/TUB |
| utubno > utumno | bn > mn | ᴹ√TUB > ᴹQ. utumno | ✧ PE22/127 |
| jadmē > janmē | dm > nm | ᴹ✶yatmā > ᴹQ. yanwe | ✧ Ety/YAT |
| mbaradme > mbaranme | dm > nm | ᴹ√MBARAT > ᴹQ. maranwe | ✧ Ety/MBARAT |
| nodmē > nonmē | dm > nm | ✶notmē > Q. nonwe | ✧ PE19/86 |
| ednā > ennā | dn > nn | ᴹ✶edenā > ᴹQ. enna | ✧ EtyAC/EDE |
| j̊adnā > j̊annā | dn > nn | ᴹ✶syadnā > ᴹQ. hyanna | ✧ PE19/45 |
| kwednā > kwennā | dn > nn | ✶kwetnā > Q. quenna | ✧ PE19/86 |
| ledna- > lenna- | dn > nn | ᴹ√LED > ᴹQ. lenna | ✧ Ety/LED |
| nagma > naŋma | gm > ŋm | ᴹ✶nakma > ᴹQ. nangwa | ✧ Ety/NAK |
| ogme > oŋme | gm > ŋm | ✶okma > Q. ongwe | ✧ PE17/170 |
| ragmē > raŋmē | gm > ŋm | ᴹ✶rakmē > ᴹQ. rangwe | ✧ Ety/RAK |
| sagmā > saŋmā | gm > ŋm | ᴹ✶sagmā > ᴹQ. sangwa | ✧ Ety/SAG |
| sugmā > suŋmā | gm > ŋm | ᴹ✶sukmā > ᴹQ. sungwa | ✧ Ety/SUK |
| tagmā > taŋmā | gm > ŋm | ᴹ✶takmā > ᴹQ. tangwa | ✧ Ety/TAK |
| tegmā > teŋmā | gm > ŋm | ✶tekmā > tegmā > teñma > Q. tengwa | ✧ PE17/43 |
| tegmā > teŋmā | gm > ŋm | ✶tek-mā > Q. tengwa | ✧ PE17/44 |
| tegma > teŋma | gm > ŋm | ✶tekma > Q. tengwa | ✧ PE18/104 |
| tegmā > teŋmā | gm > ŋm | ᴹ✶tekma > ᴹQ. tengwa | ✧ Ety/TEK |
| tegmā > teŋmā | gm > ŋm | ᴹ✶tekmā > tegmā > teñma > ᴹQ. teñgwa | ✧ PE19/43 |
| tegmē > teŋmē | gm > ŋm | ✶tekmē > Q. tengwe | ✧ PE19/86 |
| tegme > teŋme | gm > ŋm | ᴹ✶tekme > ᴹQ. tengwe | ✧ Ety/TEK |
| l̥ignē > l̥iŋnē | gn > ŋn | ᴹ✶slignē > ᴹQ. líne | ✧ Ety/SLIG |
| lugne > luŋne | gn > ŋn | ᴹ✶lugni > ᴹQ. lúne | ✧ Ety/LUG² |
| ragna > raŋna | gn > ŋn | ᴹ√RAG > ᴹQ. rāne | ✧ EtyAC/REG |
| regna > reŋna | gn > ŋn | ᴹ√REG > ᴹQ. réna | ✧ Ety/REG |
| rigna > rigna | gn > ŋn | ᴹ√RIG > ᴹQ. rína | ✧ Ety/RIG |
| rigna > riŋna | gn > ŋn | ✶riknā > Q. rína | ✧ PE19/86 |
| tegnā > teŋnā | gn > ŋn | ✶teknā > Q. tenna | ✧ PE19/86 |
| tegna > teŋna | gn > ŋn | ᴹ✶tekna > ᴹQ. teñna | ✧ PE19/43 |
| tugnā > tuŋnā | gn > ŋn | ᴹ✶Tuknā > Tuʒna > ᴹQ. Tūna | ✧ PE19/43 |
| θugnā > θuŋnā | gn > ŋn | ✶stuknā > Q. thúna | ✧ PE19/86 |