AQ. voiced stops became nasals before nasals; [{bdg}{mnŋ}] > [{mnŋ}{mnŋ}]

AQ. voiced stops became nasals before nasals; [{bdg}{mnŋ}] > [{mnŋ}{mnŋ}]

In Ancient Quenya, voiced stops became nasals before nasals, a sound change Tolkien described in both the Outline of Phonetic Development (OP1) from the 1940s and the Outline of Phonology (OP2) from the 1950s:

Before nasals: b, d, g were nasalized to m, n, ñ falling in with the products of p, t, k + nasal (see above). The later changes were also identical with those described for p, t, k. As noted above under (a) the medial forms were sometimes substituted, so aun from aƀn (instead of amn from abn); arn for ařn (instead of ann from adn). Thus hyarna “compact, compressed” (syadnā), after verbal stem hyar- (SYAD), beside hyanna (OP1: PE19/45).
Before nasals. In this position b, d, g, at or before the period of spirantalization, became nasalized > m, n, ñ and thus coalesced with original nasals m, n, ŋ in the same position. The later changes are identical with those described below under nasals. As was to be expected the intervocalic forms were sometimes substituted for the nasals by grammatical analogy. So aun- for aƀn- instead of amn-, arn for ařn instead of ann. Thus from √SYAD, syadnā “compressed” > hyarna “compact” for older hyanna (OP2: PE19/92).

Tolkien reaffirmed these phonetic developments in notes from the late 1960s (PE22/149-150):

In early forms b, d, g (not ʒ) were nasalized before nasals and followed A† ...

gm > ŋm > ngw ...
gn > ŋn > nn ...
dm [> nm] > nw ...
dn > nn ...
bm > mm, mb [the second development representing sporadic metathesis] ...
bn > mn

As indicated in the quote from OP2, this sound change took place before voiced stops became spirants. The nasalization of voiced stops was in some cases reformed by grammatical analogy, as indicated by the same quote. Finally, as described in the quote from OP1, in the 1940s voiceless stop + nasals had the same development, because voiceless stops were voiced before nasals. Tolkien changed his mind sometime in the late 50s or early 60s and decided that [n], [m] became [t], [w] after voiceless stops instead; see that entry for further details. Limiting ourselves to cases where the combinations were derived from a primitive voiced stop + nasal, a representative sample includes:

Some of these examples are obscured by later phonetic developments whereby [nm], [ŋm] became [nw], [ŋgw] or the sporadic vocalization of [ŋ] before [n]; some of these later sound changes were also noted in the table of phonetic developments above.

Conceptual Development: There are not enough examples from the 1910s and 1920s to determine whether this sound change applied in the earliest conceptual period as well. The only relevant example I’ve found is ᴱ✶tegna > ᴱQ. tína “straight” (PE13/153, 165), which might have had a development similar to *rignā > rína above, but might also have simply spirantalized to g > ʒ [ɣ] and vocalized from there.

References ✧ PE18/104; PE19/92, 95-96; PE22/149-150

Order (02400)

After 01600 [n], [m] became [t], [w] after voiceless stops and aspirates
Before 02900 voiced stops became spirants except after nasals
Before 00100 Q. [nm], [ŋm] became [nw], [ŋgw] khadmā > χanmā > χanw̃ā > Q. hanw̃a PE22/148

Phonetic Rule Elements

[bm] > [mm] ✧ PE19/92 (b > m; before nasals)
[bn] > [mn]
[bŋ] > [mŋ]
[dm] > [nm]
[dn] > [nn] ✧ PE19/92 (d > n; before nasals)
[dŋ] > [nŋ]
[gm] > [ŋm]
[gn] > [ŋn]
[gŋ] > [ŋŋ] ✧ PE19/92 (g > ñ; before nasals); PE19/95 (g > ñ; before nasals)

Phonetic Rule Examples

kjabne > kjamne bn > mn KJABA > Q. tyamne ✧ PE22/151
labne > lamne bn > mn LABA > Q. lamne ✧ PE22/151
xabnā > xamnā bn > mn khabnā > Q. hamna ✧ PE19/91
jodma > jonma dm > nm YOD > Q. yonwa ✧ PE17/43
ledmē > lenmē dm > nm ledmē > Q. lenwe ✧ PE17/51
nadmā > nanmā dm > nm nadmā > Q. nanwa ✧ NM/351
xadmā > xanmā dm > nm khadmā > χanmā > χanw̃ā > Q. hanw̃a ✧ PE22/148
j̊adnā > j̊annā dn > nn syadnā > Q. †hyanna ✧ PE19/92
ladna > lanna dn > nn ᴹ√LAD > ᴹQ. lanna ✧ PE22/126
tegma > teŋma gm > ŋm tegma > teñma > tę̄ma > Q. tēma ✧ PE19/97
wagmē > waŋmē gm > ŋm wagmē > Q. vangwë ✧ NM/237
wagme > waŋme gm > ŋm wagme > Q. vangwe ✧ PE17/34
rigna > riŋna gn > ŋn RIG > Q. -rína ✧ PE17/182

ᴹAQ. voiced stops became nasals before nasals; [{bdg}{mnŋ}] > [{mnŋ}{mnŋ}]

References ✧ PE19/43, 45, 47

Order (02500)

After 01700 [n], [m] became [t], [w] after aspirates
Before 03000 voiced stops became spirants except after nasals and liquids
Before 00100 ᴹQ. [nm], [ŋm] became [nw], [ŋgw]

Phonetic Rule Elements

[bm] > [mm] ✧ PE19/50 (bm > mm)
[bn] > [mn] ✧ PE19/50 (bn > mn)
[bŋ] > [mŋ]
[dm] > [nm] ✧ PE19/50 (dm > nm)
[dn] > [nn] ✧ PE19/50 (dn > nn)
[dŋ] > [nŋ]
[gm] > [ŋm] ✧ PE19/50 (gm > ñm)
[gn] > [ŋn]
[gŋ] > [ŋŋ]

Phonetic Rule Examples

nabma > namma bm > mm NAP > Q. namma ✧ VT47/20
dubna > dumna bn > mn ᴹ√DUB > ᴹQ. lumna ✧ Ety/DUB
dubna- > dumna- bn > mn ᴹ√DUB > ᴹQ. lumna- ✧ Ety/DUB
kjelebna > kjelemna bn > mn ᴹ√KYÉLEP > ᴹQ. telemna ✧ Ety/KYELEP
lebnar > lemnar bn > mn ᴹ✶lepenar > ᴹQ. lemnar ✧ Ety/LEP
sabnā > samnā bn > mn sapnā > Q. samna ✧ PE19/86
tubnā > tumnā bn > mn ᴹ✶tubnā > ᴹQ. tumna ✧ Ety/TUB
θabnē > θamnē bn > mn ᴹ✶stabnē > ᴹQ. samna ✧ Ety/STAB
θabnō > θamnō bn > mn ᴹ✶stabnō > ᴹQ. samno ✧ Ety/STAB
-ubne > -umne bn > mn ᴹ√UB > ᴹQ. †umne ✧ VT48/32
utubno > utumno bn > mn Utupnŭ > Q. Utumno ✧ MR/69
utubno > utumno bn > mn ᴹ✶Utubnu > ᴹQ. Utumno ✧ Ety/TUB
utubno > utumno bn > mn ᴹ√TUB > ᴹQ. utumno ✧ PE22/127
jadmē > janmē dm > nm ᴹ✶yatmā > ᴹQ. yanwe ✧ Ety/YAT
mbaradme > mbaranme dm > nm ᴹ√MBARAT > ᴹQ. maranwe ✧ Ety/MBARAT
nodmē > nonmē dm > nm notmē > Q. nonwe ✧ PE19/86
ednā > ennā dn > nn ᴹ✶edenā > ᴹQ. enna ✧ EtyAC/EDE
j̊adnā > j̊annā dn > nn ᴹ✶syadnā > ᴹQ. hyanna ✧ PE19/45
kwadnā > kwannā dn > nn ᴹ✶kwatnā- > ᴹQ. qanna ✧ PE23/101
kwadnā > kwannā dn > nn ᴹ✶kwatnā > ᴹQ. qanna ✧ PE23/101
kwednā > kwennā dn > nn kwetnā > Q. quenna ✧ PE19/86
ledna- > lenna- dn > nn ᴹ√LED > ᴹQ. lenna ✧ Ety/LED
nagma > naŋma gm > ŋm ᴹ✶nakma > ᴹQ. nangwa ✧ Ety/NAK
ogme > oŋme gm > ŋm okma > Q. ongwe ✧ PE17/170
ragmē > raŋmē gm > ŋm ᴹ✶rakmē > ᴹQ. rangwe ✧ Ety/RAK
sagmā > saŋmā gm > ŋm ᴹ✶sagmā > ᴹQ. sangwa ✧ Ety/SAG
sugmā > suŋmā gm > ŋm ᴹ✶sukmā > ᴹQ. sungwa ✧ Ety/SUK
tagmā > taŋmā gm > ŋm ᴹ✶takmā > ᴹQ. tangwa ✧ Ety/TAK
tegmā > teŋmā gm > ŋm tekmā > tegmā > teñma > Q. tengwa ✧ PE17/43
tegmā > teŋmā gm > ŋm tek-mā > Q. tengwa ✧ PE17/44
tegma > teŋma gm > ŋm tekma > Q. tengwa ✧ PE18/104
tegmā > teŋmā gm > ŋm ᴹ✶tekma > ᴹQ. tengwa ✧ Ety/TEK
tegmā > teŋmā gm > ŋm ᴹ✶tekmā > tegmā > teñma > ᴹQ. teñgwa ✧ PE19/43
tegmē > teŋmē gm > ŋm tekmē > Q. tengwe ✧ PE19/86
tegme > teŋme gm > ŋm ᴹ✶tekme > ᴹQ. tengwe ✧ Ety/TEK
l̥ignē > l̥iŋnē gn > ŋn ᴹ✶slignē > ᴹQ. líne ✧ Ety/SLIG
lugne > luŋne gn > ŋn ᴹ✶lugni > ᴹQ. lúne ✧ Ety/LUG²
ragna > raŋna gn > ŋn ᴹ√RAG > ᴹQ. rāne ✧ EtyAC/REG
regna > reŋna gn > ŋn ᴹ√REG > ᴹQ. réna ✧ Ety/REG
rigna > rigna gn > ŋn ᴹ√RIG > ᴹQ. rína ✧ Ety/RIG
rigna > riŋna gn > ŋn riknā > Q. rína ✧ PE19/86
tegnā > teŋnā gn > ŋn teknā > Q. tenna ✧ PE19/86
tegna > teŋna gn > ŋn ᴹ✶tekna > ᴹQ. teñna ✧ PE19/43
tugnā > tuŋnā gn > ŋn ᴹ✶Tuknā > Tuʒna > ᴹQ. Tūna ✧ PE19/43
θugnā > θuŋnā gn > ŋn stuknā > Q. thúna ✧ PE19/86