ᴹQ. intervocalic [ð] became [r]; [Vð{Vw}] > [Vr{Vw}]
Reference ✧ PE19/32
Order (01800)
| After | 01700 | medial [ð] dissimilated to [l] after [r] |
Phonetic Rule Elements
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> |
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✧ PE19/51 (d > r) |
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> |
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> |
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Phonetic Rule Examples
| hað- > har- | VðV > VrV | ᴹ√KHAD > ᴹQ. har- | ✧ EtyAC/KHAM |
| sjað- > j̊ar- | VðV > VrV | ᴹ√SYAD > ᴹQ. hyar- | ✧ PE19/45 |
| j̊aðe > j̊are | VðV > VrV | ᴹ√SYAD > ᴹQ. hyare | ✧ PE22/102 |
| sjaðin > j̊arin | VðV > VrV | ᴹ√SYAD > ᴹQ. hyarin | ✧ Ety/SYAD |
| lāða > lāra | VðV > VrV | ᴹ✶lāda > ᴹQ. lára | ✧ Ety/DAL |
| lāða > lāra | VðV > VrV | ᴹ√LAD > ᴹQ. lāra | ✧ EtyAC/LAD |
| með- > mer- | VðV > VrV | ᴹ√MED > ᴹQ. mere | ✧ PE22/102 |
| reðin > rerin | VðV > VrV | ᴹ√RED > ᴹQ. rerin | ✧ Ety/RED |
| seðe > sere | VðV > VrV | ᴹ√SED > ᴹQ. sere | ✧ PE22/102 |
| sēðe > sēre | VðV > VrV | ᴹ√SED > ᴹQ. sére | ✧ Ety/SED |
| seðin > serin | VðV > VrV | ᴹ√SED > ᴹQ. serin | ✧ Ety/SED |
| wað- > war- | VðV > VrV | ᴹ√WAD > ᴹQ. ware | ✧ PE22/102 |
| wēðē > wērē | VðV > VrV | ᴹ✶wǣdē > ᴹQ. vēre | ✧ Ety/WED |
| maðja > marja | Vðj > Vrj | ᴹ√MAD > ᴹQ. marya | ✧ Ety/MAD |
| maðja > marja | Vðj > Vrj | ᴹ√MAD > ᴹQ. marya | ✧ EtyAC/MAD |
| niðwā > nirwā | Vðw > Vrw | ᴹ✶nidwō > ᴹQ. nirwa | ✧ Ety/NID |
| niðwa > nirwa | Vðw > Vrw | ᴹ√NID² > ᴹQ. nirwa | ✧ EtyAC/NID² |
| niðwe > nirwe | Vðw > Vrw | ᴹ√NID² > ᴹQ. nirwe | ✧ EtyAC/NID² |
ᴱQ. [ð] became [z]; [ð] > [z]
References ✧ PE12/20, 24
Order ()
| After | [ð] became [θ] before voiceless stops and [s] | |||
| After | final voiceless spirants were weakened and voiced | |||
| After | voiced stops became spirants after vowels | |||
| Before | [z] became [r] |
Phonetic Rule Elements
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> |
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✧ PE12/16 (đ > z; medial); PE12/20 (đ > z); PE12/24 (đ > z) |
Phonetic Rule Examples
| dʲeðe > dʲeze | ð > z | ᴱ√DYEÐE > ᴱQ. ’yere | ✧ QL/105 |
| eðe- > ere- | ð > z | ᴱ√ERE > ᴱQ. ere- | ✧ QL/36 |
| eðu > eru | ð > z | ᴱ√ERE > ᴱQ. eru | ✧ QL/36 |
| eðuzmāni > ezuzmāni | ð > z | ᴱ✶eruᶻmāni > ᴱQ. Erumāni | ✧ QL/36 |
| faða > faza | ð > z | ᴱ✶swada > ᴱQ. fara | ✧ PE13/146 |
| fiðin > fizin | ð > z | ᴱ√FIŘI > ᴱQ. firin | ✧ QL/38 |
| hað > haz | ð > z | ᴱ√HAŘA > ᴱQ. har(e) | ✧ QL/39 |
| hað- > haz- | ð > z | ᴱ√HAŘA > ᴱQ. harin | ✧ QL/39 |
| ɣūðion > ɣūzion | ð > z | ᴱ√UŘU > ᴱQ. Ūrion | ✧ QL/98 |
| ɣuðja- > ɣuzja- | ð > z | ᴱ√UŘU > ᴱQ. urya- | ✧ QL/98 |
| ɣuðna > ɣuzna | ð > z | ᴱ√UŘU > ᴱQ. urna | ✧ QL/98 |
| -ɣʷðand- > -ɣʷzand- | ð > z | ᴱ√ẆAÐA > ᴱQ. -urand- | ✧ QL/102 |
| iðin > izin | ð > z | ᴱ√IŘI > ᴱQ. irin | ✧ QL/43 |
| iðmin > izmin | ð > z | ᴱ√IŘI > ᴱQ. irmin | ✧ QL/43 |
| jaða > jaza | ð > z | ᴱ√YAÐA > ᴱQ. yara | ✧ QL/105 |
| kiðme > kizme | ð > z | ᴱ√KIŘI > ᴱQ. kirme | ✧ QL/47 |
| kʷiði- > kʷizi- | ð > z | ᴱ√QIŘI > ᴱQ. qiri- | ✧ QL/77 |
| kʷiðin > kʷizin | ð > z | ᴱ√QIŘI > ᴱQ. qirin | ✧ QL/77 |
| kʷiðme > kʷizme | ð > z | ᴱ√QIŘI > ᴱQ. ‽qirme | ✧ QL/77 |
| kʷoðin > kʷozin | ð > z | ᴱ√QOŘO > ᴱQ. qorin | ✧ QL/78 |
| kʷoðo- > kʷozo- | ð > z | ᴱ√QOŘO > ᴱQ. qoro- | ✧ QL/78 |
| lað > laz | ð > z | ᴱ√LAŘA > ᴱQ. lar | ✧ QL/51 |
| laðma > lazma | ð > z | ᴱ√LAŘA > ᴱQ. larma | ✧ QL/51 |
| liði- > lizi- | ð > z | ᴱ√LIŘI > ᴱQ. liri- | ✧ QL/54 |
| liðilla > lizilla | ð > z | ᴱ√LIŘI > ᴱQ. lirilla | ✧ QL/54 |
| maðilla > mazilla | ð > z | ‽ᴱ√MARA > ᴱQ. marilla | ✧ QL/59 |
| ndoðn > ndozn | ð > z | ‽ᴱ√NOŘO > ᴱQ. nor | ✧ QL/67 |
| ndoðne > ndozne | ð > z | ‽ᴱ√NOŘO > ᴱQ. norne | ✧ QL/67 |
| ŋgʷeðil > ŋgʷezil | ð > z | ᴱ√ŋgu̯eđe > ᴱQ. meril | ✧ GL/45 |
| nʲaða- > nʲaza- | ð > z | ᴱ√NYAŘA > ᴱQ. NYAŘA | ✧ QL/68 |
| nʲaða > nʲaza | ð > z | ᴱ√NYAŘA > ᴱQ. nyara | ✧ QL/68 |
| ōðe > ōze | ð > z | ᴱ√OŘO > ᴱQ. ōre | ✧ QL/70 |
| ōðome > ōzome | ð > z | ᴱ√OŘO > ᴱQ. Orome | ✧ QL/71 |
| ōðonte > ōzonte | ð > z | ᴱ√OŘO > ᴱQ. oronte | ✧ QL/70 |
| ōðonto > ōzonto | ð > z | ᴱ√OŘO > ᴱQ. oronto | ✧ QL/70 |
| puðind > puzind | ð > z | ᴱ√PUŘU > ᴱQ. purin | ✧ QL/76 |
| puðja- > puzja- | ð > z | ᴱ√PUŘU > ᴱQ. purya- | ✧ QL/75 |
| puðma > puzma | ð > z | ᴱ√PUŘU > ᴱQ. purma | ✧ QL/75 |
| puðn > puzn | ð > z | ᴱ√PUŘU > ᴱQ. pur | ✧ QL/75 |
| puðu- > puzu- | ð > z | ᴱ√PUŘU > ᴱQ. puru- | ✧ QL/75 |
| raða- > raza- | ð > z | ᴱ√RAŘA > ᴱQ. rara- | ✧ QL/79 |
| reðo > rezo | ð > z | ᴱ√reðe > ᴱQ. rēro | ✧ QL/79 |
| saxsōða > saxsōza | ð > z | ᴱ✶saχsōđa > ᴱQ. saxóra | ✧ PE12/18 |
| saxsōða > saxsōza | ð > z | ᴱ✶saχ-sōđā > ᴱQ. saxóra | ✧ PE12/21 |
| saxxōða > saxxōza | ð > z | ᴱ✶saχsōđa > ᴱQ. Sahóra | ✧ PE12/18 |
| saxxōða > saxxōza | ð > z | ᴱ✶saχ-sōđā > ᴱQ. Sahóra | ✧ PE12/21 |
| sīðe > sīze | ð > z | ᴱ√SIŘI > ᴱQ. sīre | ✧ QL/84 |
| siði- > sizi- | ð > z | ᴱ√SIŘI > ᴱQ. siri- | ✧ QL/84 |
| sōða > sōza | ð > z | ᴱ√SOŘO > ᴱQ. sōra | ✧ QL/86 |
| soðo- > sozo- | ð > z | ᴱ√SOŘO > ᴱQ. soro | ✧ QL/86 |
| taxsōða > taxsōza | ð > z | ᴱ✶taχ-sṓđā́ > ᴱQ. tahóra | ✧ PE12/21 |
| taxsōða > taxsōza | ð > z | ᴱ√TAHA > ᴱQ. †tahōra | ✧ QL/87 |
| tað > taz | ð > z | ᴱ√TAÐA > ᴱQ. tar | ✧ QL/87 |
| taðasse > tazasse | ð > z | ᴱ√TAÐA > ᴱQ. tarasse | ✧ QL/87 |
| taðwa > tazwa | ð > z | ᴱ√TAÐA > ᴱQ. tarwa | ✧ QL/87 |
| teðekt > tezekt | ð > z | ᴱ√TEŘE > ᴱQ. teret | ✧ QL/91 |
| teðen > tezen | ð > z | ᴱ√TEŘE > ᴱQ. ‽teren | ✧ QL/91 |
| tiðind > tizind | ð > z | ᴱ√TIŘI > ᴱQ. tirin | ✧ QL/93 |
| tiðiond > tiziond | ð > z | ᴱ√TIŘI > ᴱQ. tirion | ✧ QL/93 |
| tiðiost > tiziost | ð > z | ᴱ√TIŘI > ᴱQ. tirios | ✧ QL/93 |
| tuðja- > tuzja- | ð > z | ᴱ√TUŘU > ᴱQ. turya- | ✧ QL/96 |
| tuðu > tuzu | ð > z | ᴱ√TUŘU > ᴱQ. turu | ✧ QL/96 |
| θʲaðm > θʲazm | ð > z | ᴱ√HYAŘA > ᴱQ. hyar | ✧ QL/41 |
| veði > vezi | ð > z | ᴱ√VEŘE > ᴱQ. †veri | ✧ QL/101 |
| veðu > vezu | ð > z | ᴱ√VEŘE > ᴱQ. veru | ✧ QL/101 |