Q. mac- v. (basic-verb) “to hew with a sword” (Category: to Hew)
A verb in notes associated with the Quendi and Eldar essay from 1959-60, appearing in its aorist form make “hews with a sword” and derived from the root √MAK “cut, hew with a sharp edge” that was also the basis for sword words.
Conceptual Development: In the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s ᴱQ. maka- meant “slay” under the early root ᴱ√MAKA (QL/57), while in the Early Qenya Grammar of the 1920s, ᴱQ. maka- meant “die” with a causative variant ᴱQ. maktya- “kill” (PE14/58). This early root was also the basis for ᴱQ. makil “sword”, so the shifting meanings of the Quenya verb seem to be based on the shift meanings of the root; see √MAK for further discussion.
Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I would use mac- as a general word for “hew”, with a particular connotation of “hew with a sword”. Furthermore, I think this verb originally applied to the motion of hewing (= swing a blade) as opposed to Q. nac- for the result of hewing (= cut with a blade), though in practice the two verbs often overlap. I think mac- “hew” is more commonly used, since [ᴹQ.] nac- also means “bite”.
References ✧ VT39/11
Inflections
make | aorist | “hews with a sword” | ✧ VT39/11 |
Derivations
Phonetic Developments
√MAK > make | [maki] > [make] | ✧ VT39/11 |
ᴱQ. maka- v. “to slay; to die” (Category: to Kill)
References ✧ LT1A/Makar; PE14/58; QL/57
Glosses
Variations
Inflections
manke | past | ✧ QL/57 |
māke | past | ✧ QL/57 |
Element In
Cognates
Derivations
Phonetic Developments
ᴱ√MAKA > mak- | [mak-] | ✧ QL/57 |