N. tangad(a)- v. “to make firm, confirm, establish” (Category: Sure, Certain)

N. tangad(a)-, v. “to make firm, confirm, establish, [ᴱN.] fix” (Category: Sure, Certain)

References ✧ Ety/TAK; PE17/44

Inflections

tangod	3rd-sg		✧ PE17/44
tangado	infinitive	“to make firm, confirm, establish”	✧ Ety/TAK
tangado	infinitive	“to confirm, establish”	✧ PE17/44
tangennin	past 1st-sg		✧ PE17/44
tengennin	past 1st-sg		✧ PE17/44
tangant	past 3rd-sg	“confirmed”	✧ PE17/44

Cognates

• ᴹQ. tankata- “to make fixed or firm, confirm”

Derivations

• < ᴹ√TAK “fix, make fast, make” ✧ Ety/TAK
• < ᴹ✶tankāta- “to make firm” ✧ PE17/44 (tánkā̆ta-); PE17/44 (tankánte)

Phonetic Developments

ᴹ✶tánkā̆ta- > tangado	[taŋkata-] > [taŋkʰata-] > [taŋxata-] > [taŋxada-] > [taŋgada-]	✧ PE17/44
ON. tankánte > tangant	[taŋkante] > [taŋkantʰe] > [taŋkʰantʰe] > [taŋkʰanθe] > [taŋxanθe] > [taŋxanθ] > [taŋxant] > [taŋgant]	✧ PE17/44

ᴱN. tangad- v. “to fix, make firm” (Category: Sure, Certain)

References ✧ PE13/131, 153, 165

Glosses

• “fix” ✧ PE13/165 (tangod-); PE13/165
• “to make firm, fix” ✧ PE13/131

Variations

• tangad- ✧ PE13/131; PE13/165
• tangod- ✧ PE13/165
• tenged- ✧ PE13/165

Changes

• tangèdig >> tengèdig ✧ PE13/131
• tengenion >> tengeniant ✧ PE13/131
• tengeniant >> †tengenianw ✧ PE13/131
• tengedionnin >> †tengediennin ✧ PE13/131

Inflections

tangadol	active-participle		✧ PE13/131: present participle
tengedion	agental		✧ PE13/131: agent
tengedionnin	agental plural		✧ PE13/131: agent pl.
tengaint	aorist		✧ PE13/131: aorist indicative sg.
†tenge(i)nnias	aorist fem		✧ PE13/131: aorist indicative sg. fem.
†tenge(i)nniog	aorist masc		✧ PE13/131: aorist indicative sg. masc.
tengennir	aorist plural		✧ PE13/131: aorist indicative pl.
†tengennais	aorist plural fem		✧ PE13/131: aorist indicative pl. fem.
†tengennis	aorist plural fem		✧ PE13/131: aorist indicative pl. fem.
†tengennig	aorist plural masc		✧ PE13/131: aorist indicative pl. masc.
tangannai	aorist subjunctive		✧ PE13/131: aorist subjunctive sg.
tangannair	aorist subjunctive plural		✧ PE13/131: aorist subjunctive pl.
tangàdathol	imperfect-participle		✧ PE13/131: present imperfect participle in past relation
tangod	infinitive	“fixing, to fix”	✧ PE13/131: infinitive
tangod	infinitive	“to fix, fixing”	✧ PE13/153
tangadren	passive-participle		✧ PE13/131: present participle passive
tangodren	passive-participle	“fixable, meet to be fixed”	✧ PE13/131: present participle passive, if formed straight from the infinitive
tengeniant	passive-participle		✧ PE13/131
†tengenianw	passive-participle		✧ PE13/131: present participle passive, now used as a variant of past participle active
tengenion	passive-participle		✧ PE13/131
†tengediennin	passive-participle plural		✧ PE13/131: present participle passive pl.
tengedionnin	passive-participle plural		✧ PE13/131
tengedrin	passive-participle plural		✧ PE13/131: present participle passive pl.
tangadath	past		✧ PE13/131: past indicative sg.
tengaint	past		✧ PE13/153: pa.t.
†tangannel	past active-participle		✧ PE13/131: past participle active
†tengennil	past active-participle plural		✧ PE13/131: past participle active pl.
†tengénni	past active-participle plural		✧ PE13/131: Old. No. past participle active pl.
tangàdathas	past fem		✧ PE13/131: past indicative sg. fem.
tangàdathog	past masc		✧ PE13/131: past indicative sg. masc.
tangant	past passive-participle		✧ PE13/131: past participle passive
tengennin	past passive-participle plural		✧ PE13/131: past participle passive pl.
*tangèdethir	past plural		✧ PE13/131: past indicative pl.
*tengèdethir	past plural		✧ PE13/131: past indicative pl.
tengèdaith	past plural		✧ PE13/131: past indicative pl.
tangèdethais	past plural fem		✧ PE13/131: past indicative pl. fem.
tangèdethig	past plural masc		✧ PE13/131: past indicative pl. masc.
tangàdathai	past subjective		✧ PE13/131: past subjunctive sg.
tangàdathair	past subjective plural		✧ PE13/131: past subjunctive pl.
tangad	present		✧ PE13/131: present indicative sg.
tangàdas	present fem		✧ PE13/131: present indicative sg. fem.
tangàdog	present masc		✧ PE13/131: present indicative sg. masc.
tangadar	present plural		✧ PE13/131: present indicative pl.
tengèdais	present plural fem		✧ PE13/131: present indicative pl. fem.
tengèdiais	present plural fem		✧ PE13/131: present indicative pl. fem.
tengèdis	present plural fem		✧ PE13/131: present indicative pl. fem.
tangèdig	present plural masc		✧ PE13/131: present indicative pl. masc.
tengèdig	present plural masc		✧ PE13/131: present indicative pl. masc.
tangadui	subjunctive		✧ PE13/131: present subjunctive sg.
tangàduir	subjunctive plural		✧ PE13/131: present subjunctive pl.

Elements

tanc

“firm, steady, steadfast”

✧ PE13/131

Element In

• ᴱN. tengedion “confirmer, fixer, establisher” ✧ PE13/165