Q. tancal(a) n. “brooch, clasp” (Category: Pin, Brooch)
A word appearing as Q. {tankil >>} tankal or tankala “clasp, brooch” in the second version of Tengwesta Qenderinwa (TQ2) from around 1950, derived from primitive ✶tankḷ or ✶tanklā respectively (PE18/100). Q. tañkal “brooch” also appeared in the contemporaneous Outline of Phonology (OP2) with a similar derivation (PE19/83). This word reflected Tolkien’s vision of the phonetic development of syllabic final ḷ in the 1950s and 60s, where syllabic ḷ developed a vowel of the same character as the preceding vowel, producing -al in this case.
Conceptual Development: The deleted form {tankil} from TQ2 hints at earlier developments for syllabic ḷ. The Etymologies of the 1930s had ᴹQ. tankil derived from ᴹ✶tankla “pin, brooch” under the root ᴹ√TAK “fix, make fast” (Ety/TAK). The first version of Tengwesta Qenderinwa (TQ1) from the 1930s instead had tankala “clasp, brooch”, but with tankil, tankḷ added in pencil (PE18/51 and note #51). The original layer of composition from the contemporaneous Outline of Phonetic Development (OP1) had tankila from ᴹ✶tanklā “fastener, brooch” with a variant tantya, but the primitive form was updated to ᴹ✶tanklă and the Quenya form to tañkal (PE19/40 and note #72). Thus the tankil forms reflects Tolkien’s original 1940s notion of the syllabification of ḷ to il (PE19/40 note #66), updated at some point to instead produce -al.
The Qenya Lexicon and Poetic and Mythological Words of Eldarissa of the 1910s had an entirely unrelated form ᴱQ. pieksin for “brooch”, an elaboration of ᴱQ. piek “pin” (QL/73; PME/73).
Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya I would use tancal only for a decorative brooch, and for “hasp, clasp” in clothing I would use [ᴹQ.] tangwa.
References ✧ PE18/100; PE19/83; PE23/137
Glosses
Variations
Cognates
Derivations
Phonetic Developments
| ✶tankḷ > tancal | [taŋkl] > [taŋkal] | ✧ PE18/100 |
| ✶tanklā > tancala | [taŋklā] > [taŋkalā] > [taŋkala] | ✧ PE18/100 |
| ✶tanklă > tañkal | [taŋkla] > [taŋkl] > [taŋkal] | ✧ PE19/83 |
| ✶tanklă > tankil | [taŋkl] > [taŋkil] | ✧ PE23/137 |
ᴹQ. tankil n. “brooch, clasp, pin; fastener” (Category: Pin, Brooch)
References ✧ Ety/TAK; PE18/51; PE19/40
Glosses
Variations
Changes
Cognates
Derivations
Phonetic Developments
| ᴹ✶tankla > tankil | [taŋkla] > [taŋkl] > [taŋkil] | ✧ Ety/TAK |
| ᴹ✶ta-n-klă > tankala | [taŋkla] > [taŋkala] | ✧ PE18/51 |
| ᴹ✶tañklă > tañkal(a) > tañkal | [taŋkla] > [taŋkl] > [taŋkala] | ✧ PE19/40 |
| ᴹ✶tanklā > tankila | [taŋkla] > [taŋkilā] > [taŋkila] | ✧ PE19/40 |