S. gurth [ng-] n. “death” (Category: to Die; Dead; Death)
The usual Sindarin word for “death”, derived from the root √ÑGUR of similar meaning (UT/39; Ety/ÑGUR).
Conceptual Development: This word dates all the way back to the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s (GL/43), anchored by well established names like Gurthang or Gurtholf(in), the name of Túrin’s sword. Tolkien experimented with various alternate forms over the years, such as G. urthu (GG/14), G. gurthu (GL/43), ᴱN. gurdh (PE13/146) and N. guruth (Ety/ÑGUR), but kept coming back to gurth as the basic form.
Neo-Sindarin: For purposes of Neo-Sindarin, I would use this word for death in general and especially violent death, as opposed to the more euphemistic [N.] gwanath or gwanu “death”, more literally “departure”.
References ✧ SA/gurth; UT/39
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N. guruth [ng-] n. “death” (Category: to Die; Dead; Death)
References ✧ Ety/ÑGUR; RS/186
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Element In
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Phonetic Developments
| ON. ngurtu > guruth | [ŋgurtu] > [ŋgurtʰu] > [ŋgurθu] > [gurθu] > [gurθu] > [gurθu] ? [guruθ] | ✧ Ety/ÑGUR |
ᴱN. gurdh n. “death” (Category: to Die; Dead; Death)
References ✧ LB/28; PE13/146
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| gurdh- | stem | ✧ PE13/146 |
Element In
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G. gurth(u) n. “death” (Category: to Die; Dead; Death)
References ✧ GG/13-14; GL/41, 43-44; LT2A/Gurtholfin
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Inflections
| urthor | dative; declension-C | ✧ GG/14 |
| urthuir | dative plural; declension-C | ✧ GG/14 |
| urthon | genitive; declension-C | ✧ GG/14 |
| urthu | genitive; declension-C | ✧ GG/14 |
| urthúion | genitive plural; declension-C | ✧ GG/14 |
| urthuin | plural; declension-C | ✧ GG/14 |
| urthus | plural; dialectical | ✧ GG/13 |
Element In
Cognates
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Phonetic Developments
| ᴱ✶gu̯rþū́ > gurthu | [gʷṛθū] > [gʷurθū] > [gurθū] > [gurθu] | ✧ GL/43 |
| ᴱ✶ngwṛþ- > gurth | [ŋgʷṛθ] > [gʷṛθ] > [gʷurθ] > [gurθ] | ✧ GL/43 |