S. gond n. “stone, rock” (Category: Rock, Stone)
The basic word for “stone” or “rock” in Sindarin (PE17/28-29; WJ/201). More specifically, it was “stone as a material” (PE17/28; Ety/GOND) as opposed to an individual stone, which was gôn (PE17/28; PE23/139) or sarn (RC/327; VT42/11). Longer gond was derived from the root ᴹ√GONOD of essentially the same meaning, as was its Quenya cognate Q. ondo (Ety/GOND). In a discussion of plurals from the late 1960s, Tolkien revised gond to gôn, and plural i·ñ(g)uind to i·ñ(g)uin (PE23/139), however I do not believe Tolkien was rejecting gond as word, but instead realized it was a mass noun that would not have a plural. He then replaced it with gôn which could be used or individual stones and thus had a plural for “stones”.
Conceptual Development: This word dates all the way back to the Gnomish Lexicon of the 1910s where it appeared as G. gonn “great stone, rock” (GL/41). It was probably a derivative of ᴱ√ONO “hard” from the contemporaneous Qenya Lexicon from which its Qenya cognate ᴱQ. on(d) “a stone” was derived (QL/70). The early root form was probably *ᴱ√ƷONO, with the initial ʒ vanishing in Qenya but becoming g in Gnomish. Later on, this derivation no longer worked, since Tolkien decided that initial ʒ became h in Qenya. In The Etymologies of the 1930s, this word appeared as N. gonn “stone (as a material)” with the derivation given above (Ety/GOND).
Neo-Sindarin: Tolkien gave this word as both gonn and gond, but in keeping with the notion that the sound “remained nd at the end of fully accented monosyllables” in Sindarin (LotR/1115), most Neo-Sindarin writers use gond.
References ✧ NM/363; PE17/28-29; PE23/139; SA/gond; WJ/201
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| i·ñguind | nasal-mutation plural; g-mutation | ✧ PE23/139 |
| i·ñuind | nasal-mutation plural; g-mutation | ✧ PE23/139 |
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N. gonn n. “rock, stone (as a material)” (Category: Rock, Stone)
References ✧ AotH/56; Ety/GOND; PE22/36; WR/340
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| Ond | soft-mutation; g-mutation | ✧ WR/340 | |
| ond | soft-mutation; g-mutation | “stone” | ✧ AotH/56 |
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| ᴹ√GÓNOD/GONDO > gonn | [gondo] > [gond] > [gonn] | ✧ Ety/GOND |
ᴱN. gonn n. “stone, rock” (Category: Rock, Stone)
References ✧ PE13/123, 145, 162
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| guainn | plural | ✧ PE13/123 | |
| guinn | plural | “stones” | ✧ PE13/123 |
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G. gonn n. “(great) stone, rock” (Category: Rock, Stone)
References ✧ GL/41; LT1A/Gondolin, Gonlath; LT2A/Gondolin, Gondothlim; PE15/25-26
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| Gon- | prefix | ✧ LT1A/Gonlath |
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