S. orch n. “Orc” (Category: Orc, Goblin)

S. orch, n. “Orc, [N.] goblin” (Category: Orc, Goblin)

References ✧ Let/178; LotR/345, 1131; LotRI/Orcs; MR/195; MRI/Orcs; PE17/47, 52, 54, 127; RC/762; RGEO/66; WJ/390; WJI/Orc(s)

Glosses

• “orc” ✧ Let/178; LotR/1131; PE17/47; WJ/390

Variations

• orch ✧ Let/178; LotR/1131; MR/195; MRI/Orcs; PE17/47; PE17/54; PE17/127; RC/762; RGEO/66; WJ/390; WJ/390; WJ/390; WJI/Orc(s)

Inflections

Orchoth	class-plural		✧ WJ/390; WJI/Orc(s)
orchoth	class-plural		✧ Let/178
orchoth	class-plural	“orc”	✧ PE17/47
Yrch	plural	“Orcs”	✧ LotR/345
Yrch	plural		✧ WJ/390; WJI/Orc(s)
yrch	plural		✧ Let/178; PE17/54; PE17/127; RC/762; RGEO/66
yrch	plural	“Orcs”	✧ LotRI/Orcs; MR/195; MRI/Orcs
yrch	plural	“orc”	✧ PE17/47
yrch	plural	“orcs”	✧ PE17/52

Element In

• ᴺS. !erchion “orchish”
• S. Orcrist “Orc-cleaver”

Cognates

• Ad. uruk “orc, goblin” ✧ WJ/390 (urku/urkhu)
• BS. uruk “Orc” ✧ Let/178; PE17/47; PE17/52; WJ/390
• Kh. rukhs “Orc” ✧ WJ/391
• Nan. #urch “Orc” ✧ PE17/54 (ūriʃ)
• Q. orco “Orc” ✧ PE17/47; WJ/390 (orko)
• Wes. orka “orc” ✧ PE17/47

Derivations

• < ✶urkā “horrible” ✧ WJ/390
  • < √RUK “terrible shapes and the fear they inspire” ✧ WJ/389 (RUKU)
• < ✶urku/urkō “orc” ✧ WJ/390 (urkō); WJ/390 (urkō)
  • < √RUK “terrible shapes and the fear they inspire” ✧ WJ/389 (RUKU); WJ/389 (RUKU); WJ/389 (RUKU)

Derivatives

• > Q. orco “Orc” ✧ PE17/47; WJ/390

Phonetic Developments

✶urkō > orch	[urkō] > [urko] > [urkʰo] > [urxo] > [orxo] > [orx]	✧ WJ/390
✶urkā > orch	[urkā] > [urka] > [urkʰa] > [urxa] > [orxa] > [orx]	✧ WJ/390
✶urkō > Yrch	[urkī] > [urki] > [urkʰi] > [urxi] > [yrxi] > [yrx]	✧ WJ/390

N. orch n. “goblin” (Category: Orc, Goblin)

References ✧ Ety/ÓROK; EtyAC/ÓROK; LR/406; PE22/41; TI/229; TII/Orcs

Glosses

• “goblin” ✧ Ety/ÓROK

Variations

• orch ✧ Ety/ÓROK; LR/406; PE22/41; TII/Orcs

Changes

• erch >> yrch ✧ EtyAC/ÓROK

Inflections

eirch/erch	plural	“goblins”	✧ LR/406
erch	plural		✧ EtyAC/ÓROK
yrch	plural		✧ Ety/ÓROK
yrch	plural	“Orcs”	✧ TI/229; TII/Orcs
†yrchy	plural		✧ EtyAC/ÓROK

Element In

• N. Annerchi(o)n “Goblin Gate”
• N. Orchrist

Cognates

• Dan. urc “goblin” ✧ Ety/ÓROK
• Ilk. urch “goblin” ✧ Ety/ÓROK
• ᴹQ. orko “goblin” ✧ Ety/ÓROK; LR/406 (ork)
• ON. orko “goblin” ✧ Ety/ÓROK

Derivations

• < ON. orko “goblin” ✧ Ety/ÓROK; Ety/ÓROK (orkui)
  • < ᴹ✶orku “goblin” ✧ Ety/ÓROK (órku); Ety/ÓROK (órku)
    • < ᴹ√OROK “*goblin” ✧ Ety/ÓROK (ÓROK)

Phonetic Developments

ON. orko > orch	[orko] > [orkʰo] > [orxo] > [orx]	✧ Ety/ÓROK
ON. orkui > †yrchy	[orkui] > [orkʰui] > [orxui] > [urxui] > [yrxui] > [yrxy]	✧ EtyAC/ÓROK

ᴱN. orch n. “orc, goblin” (Category: Orc, Goblin)

References ✧ MC/217; PE13/151

Glosses

• “orc, goblin” ✧ PE13/151

Variations

• orch ✧ PE13/151

Inflections

Yrch

plural

“orcs”

✧ MC/217

Element In

• ᴱN. yrch methail maethon magradhaid “orcs snuffling smelt out footsteps” ✧ MC/217

G. orc n. “goblin” (Category: Orc, Goblin)

References ✧ GL/63; LT1A/Orc; LT2A/Balcmeg; PE13/99, 102; PE15/21, 25

Glosses

• “goblin” ✧ GL/63; LT1A/Orc

Variations

• orc ✧ GL/63; LT1A/Orc; LT1A/Orc

Changes

• Orclim >> Orcothlim ✧ PE15/25

Inflections

Orclim	class-plural	✧ LT2A/Balcmeg; PE13/102; PE15/21
Orclim	class-plural	✧ PE15/25
Orcothlim	class-plural	✧ PE15/25
orchoth	class-plural	✧ LT1A/Orc
Orglin	plural	✧ PE13/99
ogrin	plural	✧ PE13/99
orchoth	plural	✧ GL/63
orcin	plural	✧ GL/63; LT1A/Orc

Element In

• G. orcômin “fierce and bloody minded” ✧ GL/63

Cognates

• ᴱQ. Hongwir “ogres of the north” ✧ PE13/99
• ᴱQ. ork “ogre, monster, demon, giant” ✧ LT2A/Balcmeg (Orqui); PE13/99 (ORQI); PE13/102 (Orqui); PE15/21 (Orqui)