OS. [m]

OS. [m]

References ✧ PE17/131, 148; PE19/79, 92; VT42/26

Element In

Phonetic Development

OS. medial [mj] became [nj] but [mw] became [mm] mm < mw ✧ PE17/148 (-mw > mm)
OS. initial [s] unvoiced following consonants m̥- < sm- ✧ PE19/79 (sm > m; initially)
OS. [bm], [dn] became [mm], [nn] mm < bm ✧ VT42/26 (bm > mm)
OS. medial [mj] became [nj] but [mw] became [mm] mw > mm ✧ PE17/148 (-mw > mm)
S. [mb], [nd] became [mm], [nn] mb > mm ✧ PE19/92 (mb > mm)
S. non-initial [m] usually became [v] Vm > Vv ✧ PE17/131 (-m- > ṽ > v)

ON. [m]

References ✧ Ety/ING; PE19/19-20, 23

Element In

Phonetic Developments

ᴹ✶-ŋw- > -mb- [-ŋw-] > [-ŋgw-] > [-mb-] ✧ PE19/23

Phonetic Development

ON. [no change] m < m ✧ PE19/19 (m- > m-); PE19/20 (mb- > mb-); PE19/23 (-m- > -m-)
ON. labialized velars became labials mb < ŋgw ✧ Ety/ING (ngw > mb); PE19/20 (ŋgw- > mb-)
N. initial nasals vanished before stops mb- > b- ✧ PE19/20 (mb- > b-); PE19/20 (mb- > b-)
N. [mb], [nd] became [mm], [nn] mb > mm ✧ PE19/23 (-mb- > mb, mm)
ON. initial syllabic [m], [n], [ŋ] became [am], [an], [aŋ] ṃ- > am- ✧ PE19/20 (mb- > amb-); PE19/20 (mb- > amb-)