ᴹ√UMU root. “negative stems”

References ✧ Ety/LA, UGU; EtyAC/GŪ, UGU

Glosses

• “bad, evil” ✧ Ety/UGU (um)
• “negative stems” ✧ Ety/UGU (UGU); Ety/UGU

Variations

• UMU ✧ Ety/UGU
• UGU ✧ Ety/LA; Ety/UGU; EtyAC/GŪ
• um ✧ Ety/UGU

Changes

• N. um »» ᴹ√um ✧ EtyAC/UGU

Elements

GŪ	✧ Ety/UGU; Ety/UGU (MŪ)

Derivations

• < ᴹ√GŪ “no, not” ✧ Ety/UGU; Ety/UGU; Ety/GŪ

Derivatives

• > ᴹ✶gū̆- “no, not” ✧ Ety/UGU
  • > ᴹQ. ú- “not, un-, in-” ✧ Ety/GŪ; Ety/UGU
    • ⇒ ᴹQ. ufárea “not enough” ✧ LR/72
    • ⇒ ᴹQ. úvanimo “monster” ✧ Ety/GŪ; Ety/UGU; EtyAC/ƷŪ
  • > N. ú- “un, bad-” ✧ EtyAC/UGU
    • ⇒ N. ubed “denial”
      • ⇒ N. Sern Ubed “[Stones of] Denial”
    • ⇒ N. uluithiad “unquenchable”
    • ⇒ N. uvan “*noone, nobody”
      • ⇒ N. Uvanwaith “Nomenlands”
• > ᴹQ. um- “to not be, to not do” ✧ Ety/LA; Ety/UGU
  • ⇒ ᴹQ. lau(me) “no, no indeed not, on the contrary” ✧ Ety/LA
• > ᴹQ. úmea “evil” ✧ EtyAC/UGU
• > ᴺS. !ummas “evil”

ᴱ√UMU root. “*negative”

References ✧ QL/98

Variations

• UMU ✧ QL/98
• UVU ✧ QL/98

Related

• UMU extension of Ū² ✧ QL/98

Elements

Ū²

“not”

✧ QL/98

Derivatives

• > ᴱQ. múna “?without”
• > ᴱQ. munta “nothing”
• > ᴱQ. ú- “un-” ✧ QL/98; QL/98
  • ⇒ ᴱQ. úvanimo “monster” ✧ LT1A/Vána; QL/98
• > ᴱQ. um- “to be not, do not” ✧ QL/98