Q. ú¹ prep. and adv. “without, destitute of” (Category: Negation)

Q. ú¹, prep. and adv. “without, destitute of” (Category: Negation)

ᴱQ. enquë¹ “without”

ᴱQ. múna “?without”

Q. pen “without, not having”

References ✧ PE17/143-144; PE22/168; VT39/14

Glosses

• “without” ✧ PE17/144 (ū)
• “without, destitute of” ✧ PE17/143; VT39/14

Variations

• ú ✧ PE17/143; VT39/14
• ū ✧ PE17/143; PE17/144; PE22/168; VT39/14

Related

• ū “without” blended ✶ū ✧ PE17/144
• au- when making adjectives, the form of ū “without” ✧ PE17/144
• ū [vs.] yó(m) “with” ✧ PE22/168

Inflections

au-

prefix

✧ PE17/144

Element In

• Q. ú- “no, not, un-, in-; hard, difficult, bad, uneasy; hardly, with difficulty, ‘badly’” ✧ PE17/143; VT39/14
• Q. ú calmo “without the light” ✧ PE17/144
• Q. ú calo “without the light” ✧ PE17/143; VT39/14
• Q. úvanë(a) “without beauty” ✧ PE17/144 (úvane); VT39/14 (úvane)

Derivations

• < ✶awa- “away” ✧ PE17/144
  • < ǝu < awa- ✧ PE17/144
  • < √WĀ/AWA “away (from); go (away), depart, pass away, move (from speaker); before (of time), ago” ✧ PE17/143 (AWA/WĀ); WJ/365 (AWA)
• < √Ū “denial of fact, privation, negative element” ✧ PE17/143

Phonetic Developments

√Ū > ú	[ū]	✧ PE17/143
✶awa- > ǝu > ū	[awa-] ? [ū]	✧ PE17/144