Q. #cav- v. (basic-verb) “to receive” (Category: to Get, Obtain)
In notes from around 1968, Tolkien (briefly?) considered replacing the root √KAB with √KAM as the basis for hand words such as S. cam, stating “kamba is from KAM not KAB” (VT47/20). On the reverse of this page, Tolkien had the past tense form camnelyes “you received it”, apparently based on a verb *cam- “to receive” derived from √KAM (VT47/21). Further down on the same page, Tolkien wrote cambelyes as an alternate form, possibly indicating the restoration of √KAB and a new verb form *cav-, as suggested by Patrick Wynne (VT47/21).
Conceptual Development: The earliest Qenya verb for “receive” was ᴱQ. tuvu- “receive, accept, take, require, cost”, but in Quenya Personal Pronouns (QPP1) from the late 1940s, ᴹQ. tuvo was only glossed “take”.
Neo-Quenya: For purposes of Neo-Quenya, I prefer to retain √KAB “hold, possess, have in hand”, and as such I would use Q. cav- for “receive”, although Helge Fauskanger used cam- in his Neo-Quenya New Testament (NQNT). I would also use cav- for “accept”. In a Discord conversation from 2023-12-25, Raccoon suggested using cav- for “require, cost” as well, but given the 2024 publication of ᴹQ. tuvo, I would use that verb for “take, *require, cost” instead; see that entry for discussion.
References ✧ VT47/21
Glosses
Variations
Related
Inflections
| cambelyes | past 2nd-sg-polite with-sg-object | ✧ VT47/21 |
Element In
Cognates
Derivations
Phonetic Developments
| √KAB > *cav- | [kab-] > [kaβ-] > [kav-] | ✧ VT47/21 |
Q. #cam- v. (basic-verb) “to receive” (Category: to Get, Obtain)
References ✧ VT47/21
Glosses
Variations
Related
Inflections
| camnelyes | past 2nd-sg-polite with-sg-object | “you received it” | ✧ VT47/21 |
Element In
Derivations
Phonetic Developments
| √KAM > *cam- | [kam-] | ✧ VT47/21 |