Eldamo : Sindarin : Adan

S. Adan n. “Man (as a species)” (Category: Human Being)

S. Adan, n. “Man (as a species)” (Category: Human Being)

The usual Sindarin word for “Man” as a species, borrowed from Q. Atan after the Sindar first encountered the men of the west (PE17/18). It often appeared in its plural form Edain “Men” (LotR/1061; PE17/117; WJ/219). Like in Quenya, this word was biased towards considering the houses of the Elf-friends and their descendants as the “true Men”, but the proper term for such men was a Dúnadan “Man of the West”, and strictly speaking Adan applied to all kinds of Men, such as the Rhúnedain “*Easterlings” (PE17/18) or the Drúedain “Woses” (UT/385). Unlike English, this word has no association with the male gender, and originally meant “the Second”, referring to Men as the second-born children of Eru. For a further discussion of its conceptual development, see the entry for Q. Atan “Man”.

References ✧ Let/282; LotR/1034, 1061, 1128; LotRI/Atani, Edain; LRI/Atani, Edain; LT1I/Edain; LT2I/Edain; MR/7, 373; MRI/Edain; PE17/18, 89, 117, 127; PM/324; PMI/Edain; RGEO/66; SA/adan; SI/Atani, Edain; SMI/Edain; UT/385; UTI/Atani, Drúedain, Edain; VT50/14, 18; WJ/219, 387; WJI/Adan, Atani, Edain; WRI/Edain

Glosses

“man” ✧ PE17/18; PM/324; WJ/387

Variations

Adan ✧ Let/282; PE17/18; PE17/127; PM/324; RGEO/66; SA/adan; SI/Atani; UT/385; UTI/Drúedain; UTI/Edain; WJ/387; WJI/Adan; WJI/Edain

Inflections

Adanath	class-plural		✧ MR/373
Edain	plural	“fathers of men”	✧ Let/282
Edain	plural		✧ LotR/1034; LotRI/Atani; LotRI/Edain; LRI/Atani; LRI/Edain; LT1I/Edain; LT2I/Edain; MRI/Edain; PMI/Edain; RGEO/66; SA/adan; SI/Edain; SMI/Edain; UTI/Atani; UTI/Edain; WJ/387; WJI/Adan; WJI/Atani; WJI/Edain; WRI/Edain
Edain	plural	“[to the] Dúnedain”	✧ LotR/1061
Edain	plural	“Fathers of Men”	✧ LotR/1128
N. Edain	plural	“Western Men, Fathers of Men”	✧ MR/7
Edain	plural	“the Second (kindred); men”	✧ PE17/89
Edain	plural	“to Men”	✧ PE17/117
Edain	plural	“The Second People, Men”	✧ SI/Atani
Edain	plural	“Men”	✧ WJ/219
edain	plural		✧ PE17/127
edain	plural	“*men”	✧ VT50/14; VT50/18

Element In

S. Adanedhel “Elf-man” ✧ SA/adan
S. Adanel
S. adaneth “(mortal) woman”
S. Aradan “*Noble-man” ✧ SA/adan
S. Arthedain “*Realm of the Edain”
S. Drúadan “Wose, (lit.) Wild-man” ✧ PM/324 (Drû-edain); UT/385; UTI/Drúedain (Drúedain)
S. Dúnadan “Man of the West” ✧ Let/282 (Dún-edain); PE17/18 (Dún·adan); PM/324; SA/adan (Dúnedain)
S. Edenedair “Fathers of Men”
S. Edennil “Friend of Men”
S. Eradan
S. ónen i-Estel Edain “I gave Hope to the Dúnedain” ✧ LotR/1061; PE17/117
S. Elladan “Elf-man” ✧ Let/282
S. i glinn hen agorer Edain mi Velerian, ach hí in Ellath îr ed epholar “*this song Men made in Beleriand, but now the Elves alone (?remember) it” ✧ VT50/5; VT50/5
S. Nern in Adanath “Legendarium of the Fathers of Men” ✧ MR/373
S. os i Veleglinn i edain agorer vi Veleriann “*from the Great Song that men made in Beleriand” ✧ VT50/5
S. Rhúnedain “*Easterlings” ✧ PE17/18

Cognates

Q. Atan “Man, (lit.) the Second (People)” ✧ LotR/1034 (Atani); LotR/1128 (Atani); LotRI/Atani (Atani); LotRI/Edain (Atani); LRI/Atani (Atani); MR/7 (Atani); PE17/18; PM/324; SI/Atani (Atani); SI/Atani; UTI/Atani (Atani); UTI/Edain (Atani); WJ/219 (Atani); WJI/Atani (Atani)

Derivations

< Q. Atan “Man, (lit.) the Second (People)” ✧ WJ/387; WJ/387

Phonetic Developments

Q. Atan > Adan	[atan] > [adan]	✧ WJ/387
Q. Atan > Edain	[atani] > [edeni] > [edein] > [edain]	✧ WJ/387