Q. [w̥] ‹hw›

Q. [w̥] ‹hw›

References ✧ LotR/1114; PE19/74, 79-80; VT48/29

Variations

• hw ✧ LotR/1114; PE19/80; VT48/29

Related

• hy had the same relation to “y” as “w” to hw ✧ LotR/1114

Element In

• Q. kw-series
• Q. voiceless-continuants ✧ VT48/29

Phonetic Development

AQ. initial [s] unvoiced following continuant	w̥-	<	sw-	✧ PE19/74 (sw > hw)
Van. approximants produced various spirants	w̥	>	f	✧ PE19/79 (hw > f; @@@ from ✶sw-)

ᴹQ. [w̥] ‹hw›

References ✧ PE19/35, 38, 51-52; PE22/65

Variations

• hw ✧ PE19/35; PE22/65; PE22/65

Element In

• ᴹQ. q-series ✧ PE22/65
• ᴹQ. voiceless-continuants
• ᴹQ. voiceless-spirants ✧ PE22/65

Phonetic Development

ᴹAQ. initial [s] plus voiceless stops became voiceless spirants	x-	<	sk-	✧ PE19/38 (skw > hw; initial)
ᴹAQ. initial [s] unvoiced following continuant	w̥-	<	sw-	✧ PE19/38 (sw > hw; initial)
ᴹAQ. [x], [s] unvoiced following [j], [w]	w̥	<	xw	✧ PE19/38 (khw > hw); PE19/51 (lkhw > lhw; rare); PE19/51 (rkhw > rhw); PE19/52 (khw > hw)
ᴹAQ. [x], [s] unvoiced following [j], [w]	w̥	<	sw	✧ PE19/52 (sw > hw)

ᴱQ. [w̥] ‹hw›

References ✧ PE14/41-42, 60

Variations

• hw ✧ PE14/41; PE14/41; PE14/42

Element In

• ᴱQ. q-series
• ᴱQ. voiceless-spirants ✧ PE14/41

Phonetic Development

ᴱQ. voiceless and voiced [w] became [f], [v] in Inwelin

w̥

>

f

✧ PE14/60 (hw > f)