ᴹQ. [pt], [kt] became [ps], [xt]; [pt|kt] > [ps|xt]
References ✧ PE19/39, 41, 44
Order (01300)
Before | 01500 | initial voiceless nasals and liquids were voiced |
Phonetic Rule Elements
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> |
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✧ PE19/50 (pt > ps) |
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> |
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✧ PE19/52 (k + t > ht) |
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> |
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✧ PE19/52 (pt > ht) |
Phonetic Rule Examples
aktō > axtō | kt > xt | ᴹ✶-k’tō > ᴹQ. -ahto | ✧ PE18/62 |
ekta- > exta- | kt > xt | ᴹ√EK > ᴹQ. ehta | ✧ PE22/127 |
ektar > extar | kt > xt | ᴹ√EKTE > ᴹQ. ehtar | ✧ Ety/EK |
ektar > extar | kt > xt | ᴹ√EK > ᴹQ. ehtar | ✧ PE22/127 |
ekte > exte | kt > xt | ᴹ√EKTI > ᴹQ. ehte | ✧ Ety/EK |
ektele > extele | kt > xt | ᴹ✶ektele > ᴹQ. ehtele | ✧ Ety/KEL |
ektelu- > extelu- | kt > xt | ᴹ✶et-kelu > ᴹQ. ehtelu- | ✧ PE22/103 |
ektjar > extjar | kt > xt | ᴹ√EKTI > ᴹQ. ehtyar | ✧ Ety/EK |
jakt > jaxt | kt > xt | ᴹ✶yakta- > ᴹQ. yat | ✧ Ety/YAK |
kirjaktō > kirjaxtō | kt > xt | ᴹ✶kirya-k’tō > ᴹQ. kiryahto | ✧ PE18/62 |
lakte > laxte | kt > xt | ᴹ√LAKH > ᴹQ. lahte | ✧ PE22/103 |
lekta- > lexta- | kt > xt | ᴹ√LEK > ᴹQ. lehta | ✧ Ety/LEK |
lukta- > luxta- | kt > xt | ᴹ√LUK > ᴹQ. luhta- | ✧ Ety/LUK |
makta- > maxta- | kt > xt | ᴹ✶maktā- > ᴹQ. mahta- | ✧ Ety/MAK |
maktar > maxtar | kt > xt | ᴹ√MAK > ᴹQ. mahtar | ✧ Ety/MAK |
nakta- > naxta- | kt > xt | ᴹ√NDAG > ᴹQ. nahta- | ✧ PE22/102 |
nakta > naxta | kt > xt | ᴹ√NAK > ᴹQ. nahta | ✧ Ety/NAK |
nakta > naxta | kt > xt | ᴹ√nakat > ᴹQ. nahta | ✧ PE14/17 |
nektē > nextē | kt > xt | ᴹ✶negdē > ᴹQ. nehte | ✧ EtyAC/NEG |
oktā > oxtā | kt > xt | ᴹ✶oktā > ᴹQ. ohta | ✧ Ety/KOT |
oktā > oxtā | kt > xt | ᴹ✶OKTĀ > ᴹQ. ohta | ✧ Ety/OKTĀ |
oktā > oxtā | kt > xt | ᴹ✶òkotā́ > okǝtā > oktā́ > ᴹQ. ohta | ✧ PE19/55 |
rikta- > rixta- | kt > xt | ᴹ√RIK(H) > ᴹQ. rihta- | ✧ Ety/RIK(H) |
rokta- > roxta- | kt > xt | ᴹ√ROKO > ᴹQ. rohta | ✧ PE22/127 |
sukto > suxto | kt > xt | ᴹ√SUK > ᴹQ. suhto | ✧ Ety/SUK |
tekta > texta | kt > xt | ᴹ√TEK > ᴹQ. tehta | ✧ Ety/TEK |
xakta > xaxta | kt > xt | ᴹ✶khagda > ᴹQ. hahta | ✧ Ety/KHAG |
apta- > apsa- | pt > ps | ᴹ✶abtā > apta > ᴹQ. apsa | ✧ PE19/45 |
kapta > kapsa | pt > ps | ᴹ√KAP > Lin. kapsa | ✧ PE19/43 |
lapta- > lapsa- | pt > ps | ᴹ√LAB > ᴹQ. lapsa | ✧ Ety/LAB |
laptā > lapsā | pt > ps | ᴹ✶labdā > ᴹQ. lapsa | ✧ PE19/45 |
lepta > lepsa | pt > ps | ᴹ✶lepta > ᴹQ. lepsa | ✧ PE19/42 |
lepte > lepse | pt > ps | ᴹ√LEPET > ᴹQ. lepse | ✧ Ety/LEP |
lepte > lepse | pt > ps | ᴹ✶lepti > ᴹQ. lepse | ✧ Ety/LEP |
lipta > lipsa | pt > ps | ᴹ✶libda > ᴹQ. lipsa | ✧ Ety/LIB² |
tjelepta > tjelepsa | pt > ps | ᴹ√KYELEP/TELEP > ᴹQ. telepsa | ✧ Ety/KYELEP |
lepta > lexta | pt > xt | ᴹ✶lepta > ᴹQ. †lehta | ✧ PE19/42 |
ᴱQ. [kt] became [xt]; [kt] > [xt]
Related
Phonetic Rule Elements
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> |
|
Phonetic Rule Examples
ekta > exta | kt > xt | ᴱ✶ekta- > ᴱQ. ehta | ✧ PE13/158 |
ndakta- > ndaxta- | kt > xt | ᴱ✶ndag+ta > ᴱQ. nahta- | ✧ PE14/66 |
sakta- > saxta- | kt > xt | ᴱ✶stak+ta > ᴱQ. sahta | ✧ PE14/66 |
sikta > sixta | kt > xt | ᴱ✶siktā > ᴱQ. sihta | ✧ PE13/163 |