Eldamo : Middle Primitive Elvish : KHAM¹

ᴹ√KHAM¹ root. “sit (down)”

⚠️ᴹ√KHAM¹ root. “sit (down)”: √KHAD “sit”

See √KHAD for discussion.

References ✧ Ety/KHAM; EtyAC/KHAM; PE22/103, 125

Glosses

“sit” ✧ Ety/KHAM; PE22/125
“sit down” ✧ PE22/103

KHAM had its replacement of √KHAD cancelled because of KHAM² ✧ EtyAC/KHAM

Derivatives

> ᴹ✶hamwa “chair” ✧ EtyAC/KHAM; EtyAC/KHAM
- > ᴹQ. hamma “chair” ✧ EtyAC/KHAM
- > N. hanw “?chair” ✧ EtyAC/KHAM
> ᴹQ. ham- “to sit (down), be situated in ” ✧ Ety/KHAM; PE22/103; PE22/125
> ᴹQ. hamu- “to sit down, take a seat”
> N. haf- “to sit” ✧ EtyAC/KHAM
> ✶khamu- “to sit down”

ᴹ√KHAD root.

See √KHAD for discussion.

References ✧ Ety/SYAD; EtyAC/KHAM; PE22/125

KHAD distinguish from SYAD ✧ EtyAC/KHAM

Changes

KHAD >> KHAM “sit” ✧ EtyAC/KHAM

Derivatives

> ᴹQ. handa² “chair” ✧ EtyAC/KHAM
> ᴹQ. har- “to dwell, abide, reside; to sit” ✧ EtyAC/KHAM; PE22/125
> N. hadh- “sit” ✧ EtyAC/KHAM
> N. ?hand “seat” ✧ EtyAC/KHAM
> N. hanw “?chair” ✧ EtyAC/KHAM

ᴱ√ÐORO root. “sit”

A root in the Qenya Lexicon of the 1910s glossed “sit” with derivatives mean “sit” or “seat” (QL/85-86). In the Qenya Lexicon Tolkien gave the root as SORO with ÐORO in parenthesis, but Gnomish cognates like G. dorn “seat” and dortha- “to settle” (GL/30) make it clear ÐORO was the true form of the root. There were a variety of different roots for “sit” in later writings such ᴹ√KHAM or √KHAD.

References ✧ QL/85-86

Glosses

“sit” ✧ QL/85 (SORO); QL/86 (soro)

Variations

ÐORO ✧ QL/85
SORO ✧ QL/85; QL/86
SOŘO ✧ QL/86; QL/86
SODO ✧ QL/86

ᴱQ. soron “a high peak, a pinnacle or crag” may be from soro “sit” ✧ QL/86

Changes

SOŘO >> SORO “sit” ✧ QL/86

Derivatives

> ᴱ✶sōđā “house”
- ⇒ ᴱ✶saχsōđa “house of fire” ✧ PE12/21; QL/81
  - > ᴱQ. Sahóra “the South” ✧ PE12/18; PE12/18; PE12/21; PE12/21; QL/81
> ᴱQ. sonda “seat, chair” ✧ QL/85; QL/86
> ᴱQ. sóra¹ “seat” ✧ QL/85; QL/86
> ᴱQ. sorin “throne” ✧ QL/85
> ᴱQ. soro- “to sit” ✧ QL/85; QL/86
- ⇒ ᴱQ. kasóro- “to make sit, set”
> ᴱQ. sorta- “to sit down” ✧ QL/85; QL/85
> ᴱQ. sorto- “to set, settle” ✧ QL/85; QL/86; QL/86
> G. annor(in) “lofty”
> G. dorn “seat”
- ⇒ G. doros “throne”
⇒ G. dortha- “to settle”

ᴱ√HAÐA root. “cleave, remain”

See √KHAD for discussion.

Reference ✧ QL/39 ✧ HAŘA “cleave, remain”

HAÐA “cleave, remain” compare to G. hag- “to sit, sit down”

Derivatives

> ᴱN. haud “seat”
- ⇒ ᴱN. orhod “seatless” ✧ PE13/156
- ⇒ ᴱN. turhod “throne” ✧ PE13/155
> ᴱQ. har- “to remain” ✧ QL/39
> ᴱQ. har(e) “near” ✧ QL/39
- ⇒ ᴱQ. Haranoldor
- ⇒ ᴱQ. Harwalin “Near the Valar” ✧ LT1A/Eruman; QL/39
- ⇒ ᴺQ. !harivë “closely, nearly”
> G. hadha- “to cling, cleave to; to wait on, wait for, abide with patience”
- ⇒ G. hadhol “abiding; enduring, constant, faithful” ✧ GL/47
> G. hast “waiting, wait, pause, rest, stop”
- ⇒ G. hasta- “to tarry, wait, pause, stay, stop” ✧ GL/48
> G. hôth “expectation, hope”
- ⇒ G. hodhir “hope” ✧ GL/47; GL/49

ᴱ√HAMA root. “‽”

See √KHAD for discussion.

Reference ✧ QL/39 ✧ HAM “‽”

Derivatives

⇒ ᴱIlk. Habbanan “*Low-country”
> ᴱQ. han “ground, earth” ✧ QL/39
- ⇒ ᴱQ. hamba “on the ground” ✧ QL/39
  - ⇒ ᴱQ. hambanoite “on the ground” ✧ QL/39
> ᴱQ. hant “down, to the ground” ✧ QL/39
> G. ham “ground, level of Earth’s service [surface]”
- ⇒ G. hamra “lowly, lowlying; base” ✧ GL/48
- ⇒ G. hamra- “to abase, abash; to humble oneself” ✧ GL/48
⇒ G. Hambanan “*Low-country”
> G. hôm “ground, base, bottom, seabed”
> G. hum “(right) down, (lit.) to bottom”