| aspirates became voiceless spirants |
[{ptk}ʰ] |
> |
[{ɸθx}] |
|
| aspirates became voiceless stops after voiceless stops |
[{ptk}tʰ] |
> |
[{ptk}t] |
|
| [ę̄], [ǭ] became [ā] |
[ę̄|ǭ] |
> |
[ā] |
|
| initial [ɣ] became [h] |
[ɣ-] |
> |
[h-] |
|
| initial nasalized voiced stops became stops |
[mb-|nd-|ŋg-] |
> |
[b-|d-|g-] |
|
| initial [ŋ] vanishes |
[ŋ-] |
> |
[ø-] |
|
| initial [sm], [sn] became nasals [m], [n] |
[sm-|sn-] |
> |
[m-|n-] |
|
| initial [w] became [v] |
[w-] |
> |
[v-] |
|
| [mt], [md] became [mpt] |
[m{td}] |
> |
[mpt] |
|
| palatalized velars became dentals |
[{kkʰgŋ}j-|ŋgj-] |
> |
[{ttʰdn}-|nd-] |
|
| [s] medially between vowels became [z] |
[VsV] |
> |
[VzV] |
|
| [z] became [ɾ] |
[z] |
> |
[ɾ] |
|
| [z] vanished before [d] lengthening preceding vowel |
[Vzd] |
> |
[V̄d] |
|
| [ɾ] became [r] |
[ɾ] |
> |
[r] |
|